Assessment of the state of the environmental components of the Sakhalinsky and Vostochno-Sakhalinsky licensed areas is of particular interest, since these areas are located in two physico-geographical provinces with completely different geochemical conditions for landscape formation - the Surgut bog and the Ob-Irtysh floodplain. The main watercourses located in the areas under consideration originate in the overwatered landscapes of the bogs of the Middle Ob region; therefore their waters are characterized by high acidity, a large amount of organic matter, and a low content of dissolved oxygen. The acidic reaction of the medium and the high content of organic substances predetermine the active mobility of many trace elements in surface waters, primarily iron and manganese, to a lesser extent zinc, copper, vanadium, chromium, titanium, lead, nickel and aluminum. The transit watercourse is the Ob River, flowing in the southern part of the Sakhalin area. Originating thousands of kilometers away in the mountains of Southern Siberia, the river receives various pollutants along its entire length. Therefore, its waters in the Middle Ob region are heavily polluted, including by substances that are associated with oil and gas production. Thus, when assessing the current state of surface waters, the influence of external pollutants should be taken into account. In the bottom sediments of water reservoirs on the territory of oil and gas fields the accumulation of oil products was not recorded. The content of petroleum products, as well as other substances, is close to the background indicators determined before the start of the operation of the Zapadno-Sakhalinskoye, Yavinlorskoye and Vostochno-Sakhalinskoye fields. In addition to water and bottom sediments, soils are an indicator for assessing the quality of the natural environment. Soils also serve as the basis for vegetation cover, species diversity and productivity. Swamp soils prevailing in the subsoil are characterized by a low content of trace elements, some of which are extremely important for the development of plants. In the soils of riverine terraces and floodplains of large rivers, the content of trace elements is higher, which contributes to an increase in the biodiversity of the vegetation cover.
References
1. Resolution of the Government of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra no. 485-P of 23.12.11. “O sisteme nablyudeniya za sostoyaniem okruzhayushchey sredy v granitsakh litsenzionnykh uchastkov na pravo pol'zovaniya nedrami s tsel'yu dobychi nefti i gaza na territorii Khanty-Mansiyskogo avtonomnogo okruga-Yugry” (On the system for monitoring the state of the environment within the boundaries of licensed areas for the right to use subsoil for the purpose of oil and gas production in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra).
2. Zhirnova T.L., Malyshkina L.A., Patrina T.A. et al., Determination of the content of petroleum hydrocarbons in surface waters and bottom sediments by chromatography-mass spectromy (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2006, no. 2, pp. 116–117.
3. Resolution of the Government of the Autonomous Okrug No. 441-P dated 10.11.04. “Predel'no dopustimyy uroven' (PDU) soderzhaniya nefti i nefteproduktov v donnykh otlozheniyakh poverkhnostnykh vodnykh ob"ektov na territorii Khanty-Mansiyskogo avtonomnogo okruga-Yugry” (Maximum permissible level (MPL) for the content of oil and oil products in bottom sediments of surface water bodies on the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra).
