During the construction of wells, various complications are observed. Despite the experience of drilling in various mining and geological conditions, the costs of eliminating complications during well drilling reach up to 7–10 % of the drilling process itself. This is due to the complication of drilling conditions, an increase in the number of deep, deviated, horizontal and multilateral wells. More than 50 % of the emergency time is spent on eliminating the complications associated with rock instability. These circumstances necessitate an increase in the quality requirements of process fluids, including used in well repair. Caustobiolites – natural organogenic materials (sapropels, peat, brown coals, etc.) are promising for the preparation of process liquids. Such drilling fluids are environmentally friendly, easily cleaned of sludge, after use they can be further applied for the restoration of disturbed lands. To assess the prospects of using organomineral colloid as process liquid for well construction and repair, laboratory studies were carried out to study the basic properties of OMK-1 reagent.
The article presents physicochemical, rheological indicators of an organomineral colloid. Based on the results of studies of the basic properties of OMK-1 reagent dispersions, formulations of mineralized liquids with high density values for high pressure conditions and lightweight liquids for high pressure conditions were selected. The results of bench tests of the blocking action on core material of various types of drilling fluids based on organomineral colloid are reflected. Summarizing the results of the research, we can conclude that the new OMK-1 reagent is recommended for producing highly efficient process fluids for drilling and workover. Based on an organomineral colloid, fresh, inhibited, mineralized drilling fluids, direct and inverse emulsions can be developed. Environmentally friendly process fluids have regulatory structural and rheological properties, help maintain wellbore stability, are characterized by a fairly low water loss, and have a reduced cost.
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