October 2013
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JSC ROSNEFT-scientific and technological center - 70 years

Formation and development history JSC Rosneft — Scientific and Technological Centre

DOI:
JSC Rosneft — Scientific and Technological Centre by right can consider as one of the oldest enterprises Krasnodar edges, after all it is formed on the basis of the organizations conducting the history since 1943. In days of the Great Patriotic War the oil industry of Krasnodar Krai was almost completely destroyed therefore formation of the enterprises was close it is connected with its revival.

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L.G. Stulov, A.A. Paporotnaya (Rosneft – NTC LLC, RF, Krasnodar)
Features of formation of oil deposits in the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the Eastern Stavropol Territory

DOI:
E-mail: lgstulov@rn-ntc.ru, aapaporotnaya@rn-ntc.ru

Key words: oil, Upper Cretaceous deposits, the pressure of water, reservoir.

The characteristic of oil productive complexes of Eastern Stavropol Territory  are given. Two main groups are significantly different from each other. This fact indicates the presence of two sources of hydrocarbon generation. The authors characterized the change of water pressures in the sequence of Mesozoic sediments. Water heads of water falling from the Paleogene reservoir until I stratum alba, from top to bottom. Next, the section water heads waters begin to rise. On the basis of the research the article presents the mechanism of formation of oil deposits in the Upper Cretaceous.

References
1. Neruchev S.G., Nefteproizvodyashchie svity i migratsiya nefti (Oil-producing
formation and oil migration), Leningrad: Nedra Publ., 1962, pp. 71-91.
2. Hodgson G.W., Vanadium, nickel and iron trace metals in crude oils of Western
Canada, Amer. Assoc.Petrol. Geol. Bull., 1954, no. 38(12), pp. 2537 - 2554.
3. Zabrodina M.A., Aref'ev O.A., Makushina V.I., Petrov A.A., Neftekhimiya -
Petroleum Chemistry, 1978, V. 18, no. 2, pp. 280 – 289.
4. Petrov A.A., Neftekhimiya – Petroleum Chemistry, 1995, V. 35, no. 1,
pp. 25 – 34.
5. Vinogradova T.L., Yakubson Z.V., Doshko A.S. et al., Collected papers
“Geokhimicheskie problemy otsenki neftegazonosnosti” (Problems of geochemical
evaluation of oil and gas potential), Proceedings of IGiRGI, 1989,
pp. 36 – 49.
6. Panchenko A.S., Collected papers “Geologiya, razvedka i razrabotka
gazovykh i gazokondensatnykh mestorozhdeniy Severnogo Kavkaza” (Geology,
exploration and development of gas and gas-condensate fields in the
North Caucasus), Proceedings of North Caucasus branch of VNIIGaz, 1971,
V. 4, pp. 61 – 71.
7. Miroshnikov M.V., Vorob'eva K.I., Collected papers “Geologiya i neftegazonosnost'
Vostochnogo Predkavkaz'ya” (Geology and oil and gas potential
of the Eastern Caucasus region), Proceedings of GrozNII, 1964, V. XVII,
pp. 232 – 242.

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M.V. Gubarev, S.L. Proshlyakov (Rosneft-NTC LLC, RF, Krasnodar), Yu.P. Kostrygin (Novorosmorgeo OOO, RF, Novorossiysk)
Problems of seismic acquisitions in the conditions of the Eastern Ciscaucasia

DOI:
E-mail: mvgubarev@rn-ntc.ru

Key words: Eastern Ciscaucasia, Mesozoic, acquisition, vibration seismic
survey, weathering zone.

The article discusses main reasons reducing the effectiveness of vibration seismic survey by the example of the study of oil objects in the Eastern Ciscaucasia. The study is carried out for the complex fracture upper Cretaceous deposits.

References
1. Gurvich I.I., Nomokonov V.P., Spravochnik geofizika, seysmorazvedka
(Handbook: Geophysics, seismic works), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1966, 749 p.
2. Kostrygin Yu.P., Seysmorazvedka na slozhnykh signalakh (Seismic surveys on
complex signals), Tver': GERS Publ., 2002, 416 p.

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M.V. Antonenko, D.N. Zimenko (Rosneft-NTC LLC, RF, Krasnodar) A.V. Pogorelov (Kuban State University, RF, Krasnodar)
Prospects terrestrial laser scanning data for engineering investigations at the facilities

DOI:
E-mail: mvantonenko@rn-ntc.ru
Key words: laser scanning, monitoring, engineering surveys; 3D modeling, digital terrain model.

Demonstrated perspectives of terrestrial laser scanning data. The developed method, considered here, are of great practical importance for engineering investigations work.

References
1. Antonenko M.V., Pogorelov A.V., Kuznetsova E.V., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo –
Oil Industry, 2012, no. 11, pp. 72-75.
2. Pogorelov A.V., Rizaev I.G., Collected papers “Geograficheskie issledovaniya
Krasnodarskogo kraya” (Geographical research of Krasnodar Region
), 2007, pp. 158-165.
3. Rizaev I.G., Mishchenko Yu.A., Mishchenko S.A., Geoprofi, 2007, no. 1,
pp. 22-26.

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V.V. Chetverikov, V.B. Samarskiy (Rosneft-NTC LLC, RF, Krasnodar)
Principles and main design solutions in the course of engineering for oil and gas fields in North-Western Siberia

DOI:
E-mail: vbsamarskiy@rn-ntc.ru
Key words: digital relay line, trunked communication system, broadband wireless access system, satellite communication system, integrated control and safety system, distributed control system. 

The article is devoted to problematic aspects of communication system selection for oil and gas fields in North-Western Siberia and technical solutions’ feasibility in the course of design. The issues discussed herein are: designing radio relay system, satellite communication system, C/Ku band, TETRA Terrestrial Trunked Radio, broadband wireless access system and trunked mobile VHF communication system. Qualitative indicator values are given in the article for communication systems under design. The article contains oilfield transportation network selection issues based on digital relay line and engineering implementation thereof based on SDH and PDH hierarchy, when various communication systems are integrated by STM-1 technology.

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D.S. Vasilyev (Rosneft-NTC LLC, RF, Krasnodar)
Calibration of the computer model of oil and gas field developed on the project stage using current exploitation data

DOI:
E-mail: dsvasilev@rn-ntc.ru
Key words: field, mixture of liquid and gas, computer model, collection system, calibration.
In the present time project institutes use different programs for oil and gas field’s hydraulical calculations. In this article the method of calibration of the computer model of the oil and gas field made in one of the existing software is overviewed. The use of the developed method allows the engineer to refine computer model of the field, employed on the initial stage of designing, using current exploitation data from the field, and choose the correct calculation formula for the studied multiphase flow.

References
1. Woldesemayat M.A., Afshin J.G., Comparasion of void fraction correlations
for different flow patterns in horizontal and upward inclined pipes, Int. J. Multiphase
Flow, 2007, V. 33, pp. 347-370.
2. Bratland O., Pipeflow 2: multi-phase flow assurance, 2010, URL: http://drbratland.com/PipeFlow2/index.html.
3. Clayton T.C., Multiphase flow handbook, ÑRÑ Press, Òàólor & Frànñis Group,
2006, 1128 p.
4. Oliemans R.V.A., Two-phase flow in gas-transmission pipeline, Joint Petroleum
Mech. Eng. & Pressure Vessels & Piping Conf., Mexico City, Mexico, 1976.

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Geology and geologo-prospecting works

G.G. Gilaev, A.E. Manasyan (Samaraneftegaz JSC, RF, Samara), G.D. Fedorchenko, V.A. Kolesnikov, I.A. Kolgoreev (SamaraNIPIneft LLC, RF, Samara)
Oil-bearing reservoirs in carbonate reefs of Famennian stage on the territory of Samara region: discovery history and exploration prospects

DOI:
E-mail: GilaevGG@samng.ru
Key words: reef, famennian stage, fractured carbonates, upper Devonian.
Oil reserves of Volga-Ural oil province are sufficiently depleted at present time. Particularly, degree of initial oil reserves depletion of Samaraneftegaz JSC now exceeds 70%. In such conditions the process of Company resource base  replenishment becomes very important. This process can be conducted as by purchasing of new license areas, so as by the search of so-called “missed”  reservoirs and additional exploration program on developed fields. This article  describes the discovery of oil-bearing reservoirs in carbonate reefs of Famennian  stage on the territory of Samara region and also the prospective of analogous  reservoirs discovery in the region. Additionally the main principles of search program are described and the main results of search for the oil fields of  Samaraneftegaz JSC in the 1-st quarter of 2013 are provided. 

References
1. Mar'enko Yu.I., Neftegazonosnost' karbonatnykh porod (Oil and gas bearing of carbonate rocks), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1978, 240 p.
2. Zaydel'son M.I., Vaynbaum S.Ya., Koprova N.A. et al., Formirovanie i neftegazonosnost' domanikoidnykh formatsiy (Formation and oil and gas domanik formation), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1990, 79 p.
3. Kolesnikov V.A., Semenov Yu.V., Proceedings of International Scientific and Practical Conference “Ashirovskie chteniya” (Ashirov reading), SamGTU, 2010, 124 p.

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I.V. Goncharov, V.V. Samoilenko, N.V. Oblasov, S.V. Fadeeva (TomskNIPIneft JSC, RF, Tomsk)
Catagenesis of organic matter Bazhenov Formation rocks in the south-east of West Siberia (Tomsk region)

DOI:
E-mail: GoncharovIV@nipineft.tomsk.ru
Key words: Bazhenov formation, geochemical studies, catagenesis, oil, Western Siberia.
Catagenesis organic matter Bazhenov Formation rocks south-east of Western   Siberia assessed by different methods: vitrinite reflectance of coal (Upper Jurassic), pyrolysis Rock-Eval, GC-MS of extracts. It is shown that it is preferable to use the parameters defined directly for the rocks of the Bazhenov Formation. At the same time, more informative in assessing the organic matter catagenesis Bazhenov Formation rocks in the study area is the metildibenzotiofen ratio 4MDBT/1MDBT.

References
1. Kontorovich A.E., Danilova V.P., Kostyreva E.A. et al., Collected works “Organicheskaya geokhimiya nefteproizvodyashchikh porod Zapadnoy Sibiri” (Organic geochemistry of oil-producing rocks of West Siberia), Proceedings of academic convention, Novosibirsk: Publ. of SB RAS, NITs OIGGM, 1999, pp. 10-12.
2. Reshenie 6-go Mezhvedomstvennogo stratigraficheskogo soveshchaniya po rassmotreniyu i prinyatiyu utochnennykh stratigraficheskikh skhem mezozoyskikh
otlozheniy Zapadnoy Sibiri (The decision of the 6th Interdepartmental Stratigraphic Meeting to consider and adopt revised stratigraphic schemes of Mesozoic deposits of Western Siberia), Novosibirsk: Publ. of SNIIGGiMS, 2004, 114 p.
3. Goncharov I.V., Oblasov N.V., Smetanin A.V. et al., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2012, no. 11, pp. 8-13.
4. Fomin A.N., Katagenez organicheskogo veshchestva i neftegazonosnost' mezozoyskikh i paleozoyskikh otlozheniy Zapadno-Sibirskogo megabasseyna (Catagenesis of organic matter and hydrocarbon potential of the Mesozoic and Paleozoic deposits of the West Siberian megabasin), Novosibirsk: Publ. of IPGG of SB RAS, 2011, 331 p.
5. Goncharov I.V., Samoylenko V.V., Oblasov N.V., Nosova S.V., Geologiya  nefti i gaza – The journal Oil and Gas Geology, 2004, no. 5, pp. 53-59.
6. Tissot B., Welte D., Petroleum formation and occurrence, Springer, Heidelberg,
1978.
7. Peters K.E., Walters C.C., Moldowan J.M., The biomarker guide, Cambridge,
U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2005, 1155 p.
8. Goncharov I.V., Izvestiya TPU – Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University,
2000, V. 303, no. 1, pp. 182-188.
9. Vinogradova T.L., Chakhmakhchev V.A., Agafonova Z.G. et al., Geologiya
nefti i gaza – The journal Oil and Gas Geology, 2001, no. 6, pp. 49-55.
10. Radke M., Welte D.H., Wilsch H., Maturity parameters based on aromatic
hydrocarbons: Influence of the organic matter type, Organic Geochemistry, 1986, V. 10, pp. 51-63.
11. Goncharov I.V., Samoilenko V.V., Oblasov N.V., Nosova S.V., MDBT ratio as an instrument for estimation of transformation ratio organic matter of Bazhenov
Formation of Western Siberia (Russia), Organic Geochemistry: Challenges for the 21st Century: Book of Abstracts of the Communications presented to the 22nd International Meeting on Organic Geochemistry, Seville: Akron Grafica, 2005b, Abstract no. OPS1-2, pp. 88-89.
12. Chakhmakhchev A.V., Vinogradova T.L., Agafonova Z.G. et al., Geologiya
nefti i gaza – The journal Oil and Gas Geology, 1995, no. 7, pp. 32-37.
13. Goncharov I.V., Oblasov N.V., Samoylenko V.V., Nosova S.V., Collected
papers “Novye idei v geologii i geokhimii nefti i gaza. Neftegazonosnye sistemy
osadochnykh basseynov” (New ideas in geology and geochemistry of oil and gas. Petroleum systems of sedimentary basins), Proceedings of 8th International Conference, Moscow: GEOS Publ., 2005, pp. 110-112.
14. Patent no. 2261438 RF, MPK7 G 01 N 30/02, G 01 V 9/00, Method of determining ripened oil-source rocks, Inventors: Goncharov I.V., Samoylenko V.V., Nosova S.V., Oblasov N.V.

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D.A. Filatov, V.A. Kolesov, N.B. Krasilnikova (RN-KrasnoyarskNIPIneft LLC, RF, Krasnoyarsk), V.V. Isaeva (RN-Exploration LLC, RF, Moscow)
Features of the petrophysical model of carbonate reservoirs at Irkutsk license areas

DOI:
E-mail: FilatovDA@kr-nipineft.ru
Key words: carbonate reservoir, petrophysical model, laboratory investigations of core, well logging, Eastern Siberia.

Irkutsk license plots of Rosneft Oil Company are located at the North-Western, Western slopes of Nepsky arch of Nepsko-Botuobinskaya anteclise. Geological oil and gas exploration in the area of Irkutsk license plots has been started during the early 70-s of the last century. Within the period of 2009-2013 on the area of the considered license plots there were drilled 15 exploratory wells. These wells were considered as the base for studying rock properties and rock material composition as in the wells of new fund there has been done full core sampling, core samples were subject to the wide range of petrophysical investigations – using both standard samples and fullsized samples, there has been done the expanded complex of well logging. This paper presents obtained petrophysical functions, description and grounding of algorithms of well logging data interpretation. 

References
1. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po podschetu geologicheskikh zapasov nefti i
gaza ob"emnym metodom (Guidelines for the calculation of geological reserves
of oil and gas by volumetric method): edited by Petersil'e V.I., Poroskun V.I., Yatsenko G.G., Moscow- Tver': Publ. of VNIGNI, NPTs “Tver'geofizika”, 2003, 259 p.
2. Nikitin A.N., Kompleksnye issledovaniya kerna, otobrannogo iz skvazhiny ¹9
Mogdinskogo litsenzionnogo uchastka (Integrated core analysis, selected from the
hole number 9 of Mogdinsky license area), V. 5. Spetsial'nye YaMR issledovaniya
(Special NMR research), Tver': Publ of NPTs “Tver'geofizika”, 2013, 32 p.
3. Bibik A.N., Materialy po operativnoy otsenke zapasov Vostochno-Preobrazhenskogo  neftyanogo mestorozhdeniya (otkrytie) Katangskogo rayona Irkutskoy oblasti (Materials for the rapid assessment of stocks of Vostochno-Preobrazhenskoe oil field (opening) of Katanga district of the Irkutsk Region), 2012, 180 p.

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A.Kh. Ziganbaev, D.D. Suleymanov (RN-UfaNIPIneft LLC, RF, Ufa)
Prediction lithological variability of Bazhenov formation using simultaneous inversion

DOI:
E-mail: ZiganbaevAH@ufanipi.ru, suleymanovdd@ufanipi.ru
Key words: Bazhenov formation, 3D seismic survey, simultaneous inversion, litologic model.

This article is devoted to the studying of the Bazhenov formation, notably the prediction of its lithological variability. The basic lithotypes on log data and core description, the estimation of the degree of differentiation of the section on lithotypes in the field of velocity and density characteristics have been done. The results of simultaneous inversion angle stacks and calculating the seismic cubes elastic  properties, on the basis of which is built three-dimensional lithological model of Bazhenov formation on the Salymskoye field, are shown. 

References
1. Kibal'chich L.N., Fedotov S.L., Proceedings of 12 International Scientific and
Practical Conference “Geomodel'-2010” (Geomodel-2010), Gomel', 2010.
2. Aki K., Richards P.G., Quantitative seismology: Theory and methods, W.H. Freeman and Co., New York, 1980.
3. Ampilov Yu.P., Barkov A.Yu., Yakovlev I.V. et al., Tekhnologii  seysmorazvedki, 2009, no. 4, pp. 3-16.
4. Hampson D.P., Russell B.H., Bankhead B., Simultaneous inversion of pre-stack
seismic data: Ann. Mtg. Abstracts, 2005, SEG, pp. 1633-1637.
5. Yakovlev I., Shteyn Ya., Barkov A. et al., First Break, 2010, V. 28, no. 6, pp. 125-133.

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Drilling of chinks

V.N. Gusakov, N.N. Kraevskiy, A.F. Khakimov (RN-UfaNIPIneft LLC, RF, Ufa), A.Yu. Tropin, A.V. Sahan (RN-Perneftegas LLC, Gubkinskiy)
Technology of absorption prevention during workover in conditions of low reservoir pressure

DOI:
E-mail: KraevskyNN@ufanipi.ru
Key words: hydrophobic emulsion-suspension blocking compound.

Carrying out workover at low reservoir pressures associated with a number of complications: the absorption of killing fluid, gas shows in the wellhead, loss of circulation. These effects reduce the quality of workover, pose risks to working conditions of staff, lead to a significant increase in the time of well repair and output it on mode.The article describes technology of the workover at low reservoir pressure  developed by RN-UfaNIPIneft LLC specialists. Setting the block-pack of blocking hydrophobic liquid allows a flushing of bottom of the well and gets a steady circulation at absorbing wells. 

References
1. Zdol'nik S.E., Latypov A.R., Gusakov V.N. et al., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil
Industry, 2007, no. 11, pp. 62-65.
2. Akimov O.V., Zdol'nik S.E., Khudyakov D.L. et al., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo –
Oil Industry, 2010, no. 2, pp. 92-95.
3. Pop G.S., Bacherikov A.V., Glushenie skvazhin s predvaritel'nym
blokirovaniem produktivnykh plastov dispersnymi sistemami (Well killing with
preliminary blocking of productive formations using disperse systems), Moscow: Publ. of VNIIEgazprom, 1992, 30 p.
4. Patent no. 2039075 RF, MKI6 S 09 K 7/06, Reagent for invert emulsion solutions, Inventors: Pop G.S., Bacherikov A.V., Nagirnyak I.P. et al.
5. Lezov G.O., Yashin V.I., Ismagilov T.A. et al., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 1994, no. 2, pp. 48-51.
6. Kulikov A.N., Ismagilov T.A., Telin A.G., Khakimov A.M., Bashkirskiy khimicheskiy zhurnal, 2001, V. 8, no. 3, pp. 73-75.
7. Patent no. 2313558 RF C1 S 09K 8/44 (2006.01), Composition for leveling injectivity profile of injection wells and selective water shutoff in production
wells, Inventors: Telin A.G., Ismagilov T.A., Singizova V.Kh. et al.
8. SPE 57568, Svoboda C.F., Optimizing High-Temperature Kill Pill: The Asgard
Experience. 

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Working out and operation of oil deposits

V.A. Baikov, A.V. Kolonskikh, A.K. Makatrov, M.E. Politov, A.G. Telin, A.V. Yakasov (RN-UfaNIPIneft LLC, RF, Ufa)
Nonstationary filtration in low-permeable reservoirs under low pressure gradient conditions

DOI:
E-mail: YakasovAV@ufanipi.ru
Key words: low-permeability formation, nonlinear filtration, equation piezoconductivity, laboratory experiments.

The laboratory experiments on nonlinear filtering of water and oil in stationary and non-stationary. The numerical simulation restored according filtration rate over the entire range pressure gradients. Obtained correlations between the parameters of nonlinear filtering of water and oil and absolute permeability of the reservoir.

References
1. Baykov V.A., Kolonskikh A.V., Makatrov A.K. et al., Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik OAO “NK “Rosneft'”, 2013, V. 31, pp. 4-7.
2. Baykov V.A., Galeev R.R., Kolonskikh A.V. et al., Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik OAO “NK “Rosneft'”, 2013, V. 31, pp. 8-12.
3. Kuznetsov G.V., Sheremet M.A., Raznostnye metody resheniya zadach teploprovodnosti (Difference methods for solving problems of heat conduction),
Tomsk: Publ. of Tomsk Polytechnic University, 2007, pp. 8-30.

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N.A. Cheremisin, T.G. Bikbulatova, S.V. Eletsky (TNNC LLC, RF, Tyumen)
The a priori approach to assessment of the hydrodynamic models in practice by known errors in the initial data

DOI:
E-mail: SVEletskiy@rosneft.com
Key words: hydrodynamic model, numerical methods, indirect error, assessment
of model.
A lot of model parameters (e.g. reserves, formation energy characteristics, production rates etc.) are set up with an error that relates to uncertainties of our knowledge regarding oil in place, inaccuracy of reservoir properties determination methods, determination of formation saturation, techniques of production rate measurement, human element etc. Within the classical theory of errors it is possible to determine the values of indirect mistake by means of known direct error. This work reviews only those aspects that relate to increase of solution uncertainty vs. time depending on known errors in model parameters setting. Having enough of representative production history, data uncertainty may also have an impact on solution uncertainties, regardless of correctness of reservoir simulation model history matching. In this case the increase of solution uncertainties doesn’t hinge on  professional skills and responsibility of a reservoir simulation expert and is determined solely by data inaccuracy. Nevertheless, the issue of applicability of these models with proper history matching still remains relevant and crucial.

References
1. Bol'shakov V.D., Teoriya oshibok nablyudeniy (Theory of errors of observation), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1983, 223 p.
2. Otsenki primenimosti i tochnosti GDM (teoreticheskie aspekty) (Evaluate the applicability and accuracy of the reservoir simulation (theoretical aspects)), Tyumen': Publ. of OOO “TNNTs”, 2012, 12 p.
3. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po sozdaniyu postoyanno deystvuyushchikh geologo-tekhnologicheskikh modeley neftyanykh i gazovykh mestorozhdeniy (Guidelines for the establishment of permanent geological and technological models of oil and gas fields), Part 2. Fil'tratsionnye modeli (Filtration models), Moscow: Publ. of VNIIOENG, 2003, 224 p.
4. RD 153-39.0-047-00. Reglament po sozdaniyu postoyanno deystvuyushchikh geologo-tekhnologicheskikh modeley neftyanykh i gazoneftyanykh mestorozhdeniy (Regulations to establish a permanent geological and engineering models of oil and gas fields), Moscow: Publ. of Minenergo RF, 2000, 130 p.

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R.R. Galeev, A.M. Zorin, A.V. Kolonskikh, G.I. Habibullin (RN-UfaNIPIneft LLC, RF, Ufa), T.R. Musabirov, I.V. Sudeev (Rosneft Oil Company OJSC, RF, Moscow)
Optimal waterflood pattern selection with use of multiple fractured horizontal wells for development of the low-permeability formations

DOI:
E-mail: GaleevRR@ufanipi.ru
Key words: low-permeability reservoirs, multiple fractured horizontal wells, optimal waterflood well pattern.

In the region of RN-Yuganskneftegaz LLC undeveloped parts of oil fields are edge zones with high shale factor, low continuity of sand bodies and low permeability.
In order to maintain the profitable oil production levels application of new well completion methods are needed to increase well productivity, such as horizontal wells with multistage hydraulic fracturing. In the Rosneft oil company that problems are solved within the bounds of target innovative project of low-permeability formations development. Generalized approach to the optimal waterflood pattern design selection with widely use of multiple fractured horizontal wells is presented with case study on the Priobskoye and Prirazlomnoye fields. Based on analysis of technical and economics characteristics of development performance the advantages and disadvantages of fractured horizontal wells compared to the fractured vertical
wells are discussed. Some methodological aspects of waterflooding modeling
in low-permeability formations are discussed. 

References
1. Baykov V.A., Bochkov A.S., Yakovlev A.A., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2011, no. 5, pp. 50-54.
2. Sayapov E., Diyashev I.R., Brovchuk A.V., Application of horizontal wells with multiple hydraulic fractures for the development of low permeability oil reservoir in Western Siberia, IPTC 13395, 2009.
3. Gensheng Li, Zhongwei Huang, Shouceng Tian et al., Investigation and application of multistage hydrajet-fracturing in oil and gas well stimulation in China, SPE 131152, 2010.
4. Omatsone E.N., Bagheri M.A., Curtis B., Frankiw K., Redevelopment of the Cardium formation using fractured horizontal wells: reservoir engineering perspectives and early case histories, SPE 137737. – 2010.
5. Ellis P.D., Kniffin G.M., Harkrider J.D., Application of hydraulic fractures in openhole horizontal wells, SPE 65464, 2000.
6. Gilaev G.G., Afanas'ev I.S., Timonov A.V., Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy Vestnik OAO “NK “Rosneft'”, 2012, no. 2, pp. 22-26.
7. Kanevskaya R.D., Proceedings of VNII, 1988, V. 94, pp. 45-52.
8. Khasanov M.M., Krasnov V.A., Musabirov T.R., Mukhamedshin R.K., Novel
approach to waterflood design to enhance pattern performance with massive
hydraulic fracturing applications, SPE 125750, 2009.
9. Davletbaev A.Y., Baikov V.A., Ozkan E. et al., Multi-layer steady-state injection test with higher bottomhole pressure than the formation fracturing pressure, SPE 136199, 2010.

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M.A. Romanchev, D.G. Chernyh, A.I. Kirillov, I.A. Zelenov, A.A. Nakraynikov (Varyoganneftegaz OJSC, RF, Raduzniy)
Preliminary results of comprehensive study on development of hard-to-recover oil reserves in Jurassic reservoirs

DOI:
E-mail: aikirillov@rosneft.ru
Key words: ield, hard-to-recover reserves, horizontal wells, coring, extended logging suite, multi stage hydraulic fracturing.

A comprehensive approach was proposed to improve the efficiency of development
of complex and large field with low permeability reservoir. The approach included testing of the development technology of multi stage hydraulic fracturing in horizontal wells and well operation with step-by-step implementation of additional study  program. The project was launched in November 2012 when two first directional wells were spudded. These wells were used for studies: core was taken, extended logging suite was carried out, production logging program was completed and formation fluid samples were taken. First project stage resulted in almost complete removal of subsurface uncertainties concerning well placing which led to change of well direction. Also the height and the direction of fracture were determined with the help of tools and fracture propagation in horizontal wellbore was estimated. Such approach when a wide set of challenges at initial stage is met allows us to be sure that chosen engineering solutions are suitable. 

References
1. “Gazprom neft'” namerena k 2015 g. razrabatyvat' 60 mln. t trudnoizvlekaemykh zapasov (Gazprom Neft intends to develop 60 million tons of hard to recover reserves in 2015), AEI Praym, 2013, URL: http://mfd.ru/news/view/?id=1820869.
2. Kryanev D.Yu., Zhdanov S.A., Burenie i neft', 2012, no. 8, pp. 29-32.

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S.V. Tulenkov, D.S. Machekhin , K.V. Vologodsky, L.A. Gaidukov (TNNC LLC, RF, Tyumen), A.E. Rodionov, E.V. Severinov (ROSPAN INTERNATIONAL CJSC, RF, New Urengoy)
Planning, execution, and interpretation of results of pilot operations on Russkoye heavy oil field

DOI:
E-mail: Leonid68@inbox.ru
Key words: well testing, heavy oil, fiber optic systems, unconsolidated reservoir,
downhole sensors, metrology, geomechanics.

The main results of pilot operations on Russkoye Field during 2010 – 2013 are given. The article presents a description of the features of well test interpretation in such complex geological and physical conditions: inability to achieve late radial flow, lengthy borehole impact, changes in the state of nearwellbore zone and horizontal borehole during studies, complex geomechanical and borehole effects, and formation of man-induced channels of primary flow. The authors propose approaches to planning, execution, and interpretation of complex studies allowing to obtain the maximum information to support further development.

References
1. Rodionov A., Lachugin D., Muslimov E. et al., Injectivity profile monitoring and hot water flooding optimization for horizontal well 2G on Rospan's Russkoe heavy oil field using DTS, SPE 159592, 2012.
2. Gaydukov L.A., Mikhaylov N.N., Neftepromyslovoe delo, 2010, no. 6, pp. 11-17.
3. Chernykh V.A., Chernykh V.V., Matematicheskie modeli gorizontal'nykh i naklonnykh gazovykh skvazhin (Mathematical models of horizontal and inclined gas wells), Moscow: Neft' i gaz Publ., 2008, 460 p.
4. Ivantsov N., Stepanov S., Study of sharp drop in production  rates of horizontal wells in unconsolidated rock of heavy oil reservoir, SPE 157869, 2012.
5. Barenblatt G.I., Krylov A.P., Izvestiya Akademii nauk SSSR. Otdelenie tekhnicheskikh nauk, 1955, no. 2, pp. 5-13.
6. Gorbunov A.T., Razrabotka anomal'nykh neftyan ykh mestorozhdeniy (Abnormal oil fields development), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1981, 237 p.
7. Nikolaevskiy V.N., Prikladnaya matematika i tekhnicheskaya fizika, 1961, no. 4, pp. 67-76.
8. Gaydukov L.A., Mikhaylov N.N., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2010, no. 1, pp. 90-93.
9. Vittoratos E., Optimal heavy oil waterflood management may differ from that of light oils, SPE 129545. – 2010.

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I.D. Latypov, A.I. Fedorov (RN-UfaNIPIneft LLC, RF, Ufa), A.N. Nikitin (RN-Yuganskneftegaz LLC, RF, Nefteyugansk)
Research of reorientation refracturing

DOI:
E-mail: LatypovID@ufanipi.ru
Key words: special well log methods, hydraulic fracturing, fracture azimuth, refracture treatment, reorientation refracturing. 

Article is devoted to generalization of the results of reorientation refracturing method carried out on Prirazlomnoye and Priobskoye oilfields (RN-Yuganskneftegaz LLC) for solving the stimulation of the formation. Geophysical logs confirmed the fact of the reorientation refracturing in five wells. The proposed indirect methods of diagnosing the reorientation refracturing increase the accuracy of the interpretation. The technique allows to control the reorientation refracturing by creating the necessary depression and calculating the time of stimulation.

References
1. Mal'tsev V.V., Nikitin A.N., Kardymon D.V. et al., Territoriya neftegaz, 2010, no. 11, pp. 52-56.
2. Latypov I.D., Borisov G.A., Khaydar A.M. et al., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil
Industry, 2011, no. 6, pp. 34-38.
3. Koning E.J.L., Waterflooding under water conditions, TR diss. 1664, 251 p.
4. Banerjee P.K., Butterfield R., Boundary element methods in engineering science,
London, McGraw-Hill, 1981.
5. Economides M.J., Nolte K.G., Reservoir stimulation, Third Edition, Wiley, NY
and Chichester, 2000, 750 p.

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O.V. Lanina, S.V. Sokolov, A.A. Chusovitin (TNNC LLC, RF, Tyumen)
Efficiency comparison of under-gas-cap zone development systems at Samotlorskoye field

DOI:
E-mail: OVLanina@rosneft.ru
Key words: gas and oil pay zone, barrier water flooding, under-gas-cap zone development efficiency, current saturation in the gas cap, penetration of oil into the gas cap. 

The article presents the implementation of various development systems using barrier water flooding as exemplified by two areas of under-gas-cap zone at Samotlorskoye field. Evaluation of their performance and water injection impact on oil and gas recovery is discussed.

References
1. Lanina O.V., Chusovitin A.A., Radygin S.A., Yarovenko I.V., Neftyanoe
khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2013, no. 2, pp. 60-62.
2. Tolstolytkin D.V., Rzaev I.A., Lanina O.V., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2013, no. 6, pp. 91-93.
3. Medvedev N.Ya., Fursov A.Ya., Geotekhnologii v razrabotke gazoneftyanykh
zalezhey (Geotechnology in the development of gas and oil deposits), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1995, 158 p.

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Information

Information from the companies - founders and copublishers of the magazine

DOI:

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Economy, management, the legal right

Sh.M. Valitov, A.B. Ankudinov, O.V. Lebedev (Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, RF, Kazan)
Microeconomic analysis of crude oil production and investment spending growth rates in the oil sector of Russian economy

DOI:

E-mail:  ankudia@mail.ru

Key words: companies’ investments, oil companies, fixed effects model, panel data.

The article presents econometric analysis of crude oil production and investment spending determinants of Russian oil companies. The study is based on microeconomic data. Five hypotheses are tested to produce estimates of the effect profitability, financial leverage, lag value of revenue growth, age and size of the company have on crude oil production volumes and investment spending of the companies. Investment activity is analyzed in terms of rates of growth of oil companies’ property, plant and equipment, non-current assets and total assets. The sample is formed by 2004-2011 panel data for 200 companies with highest annual revenue, which according to All-Russia Classifier of Types of Economic Activity belong to the “Extraction of Crude Oil and Associated Gas”. Quantitative estimates are obtained of interdependence between financial and investment policies of oil companies as well as of investing activities in connection with companies’ life cycle.
References
1. Kontorovich A.E., Eder L.V., Nemov V.Yu., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry,
2012, no. 7, pp. 66-70.
2. GP “TsDU TEK”. Osnovnye pokazateli raboty neftyanoy i gazovoy otrasley
toplivno-energeticheskogo kompleksa Rossii za yanvar'-mart 2012 g. (Key
performance indicators of the oil and gas industries of Russia in January-
March 2012 according to CDD FEC), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry,
2012, no. 5, pp. 14-18.
3. Stata longitudinal data reference manual: Release 11.0, Texas: Stata Corporation,
College Station, Texas, 2009.

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Geology and geologo-prospecting works

V.A. Efimov, A.R. Akmanaev, A.V. Akin'shin (Tyumen Branch of SurgutNIPIneft, RF, Surgut)
Determining the proportion of clay layers from core photographs

DOI:

E-mail: akinshin_av @surgutneftegas.ru

Key words: micro-layering, shaliness, core, interpretation's algorithm.

Determining the proportion of clay layers from photographs core allows to assign an additional petrophysical parameter required for the development of petrophysical model of thin-layer rocks and algorithms for interpretation of well logging techniques. In this work examine a method for determining the proportion of clay layers from photographs core, based on a contrast of texture- component heterogeneous rock. The advantages of this method are the speed and reliability of results.

References
1. Astashkin D.A., Razrabotka petrofizicheskoj modeli neodnorodnyh
peschano-alevritovyh porod-kollektorov s cel'ju povyshenija dostovernosti
kolichestvennoj interpretacii dannyh GIS (na primere nekotoryh mestorozhdenij
Zapadnoj i Vostochnoj Sibiri) (Development of the petrophysical model
of heterogeneous sand-silt reservoir rocks in order to increase the reliability of
the quantitative data interpretation (on example, some fields in Western and
Eastern Siberia)): thesis of candidate Geological and Mineralogical Sciences,
Moscow, 2005.
2. Efimov V.A., Petrofizicheskie modeli slozhno-postroennyh glinistyh kollektorov
dlja ocenki ih neftegazonasyshhenija po dannym jelektrometrii skvazhin
(Petrophysical model of complicated clay collectors for assessment of their
oil and gas saturation according electrometry wells): thesis of candidate Geological
and Mineralogical Sciences, Tjumen', 1984.
3. Lopatin A.Ju., Medvedev A.L., Masalkin Ju.V., Valensia R., Log Interpretation
Methodology in Polygenetic Deposits of the Vikulovskaya Suite at the Kamennoye
Field (Thin-Layer Storm Deposits and Incised Valley Fill Complex),
SPE-115490, 2008.
4. Romanov E.A., Geologo-fizicheskie osobennosti glinistyh nizkopronicaemyh
kollektorov alymskoj svity Nizhnevartovskogo svoda i ih uchet pri podschete
zapasov nefti (Geological and physical properties of low permeability
clay reservoirs of alym suite of Nizhnevartovsk arch and its accounting in
the calculation of oil reserves), thesis of candidate Geological and Mineralogical
Sciences, Tjumen', 1985.
5. Hanin A.A., Petrofizika neftjanyh i gazovyh plastov (Petrophysics of oil and
gas reservoirs), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1976, 295 p.
6. Hanin V.A., Terrigennye porody-kollektory nefti i gaza na bol'shih glubinah
(Terrigenous reservoir rocks of oil and gas at great depths), Moscow: Nedra
Publ., 1979, 140 p.
7. Semenov V.V., Pitkevich V.T., Ratnikov I.B., Geofizika, 2006, no. 2, pp. 48-52.
8. Semenov V.V., Ratnikov I.B., Sokova K.I., Collected papers “Aktual'nye voprosy
petrofiziki” (Topical issues of petrophysics), Krasnodar: Prosveshhenie-
Jug Publ., 2010, pp. 110-170.
10. Fotokinotehnika: Jenciklopedija (Photo-Cine Technique: Encyclopedia):
edited by Iofis E.A., Moscow: Sovetskaja Jenciklopedija Publ., 1981, 447 p.

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Kh.B. Aghayev (The Institute of Geology of National Academy of Siences of Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan, Baku)
Modelling of porosity of geological medium using nonclassical theory of deformations

DOI:

E-mail: khagayev@yahoo.com

Key words: non-classical linearized approach, moduli of elasticity of the third-order, porosity, two-dimensional models, velocity of elastic waves.

The article contains some elements of the calculation of the moduli of elasticity of the third-order on the base of non-classical linearized approach of the theory of elasticity on propagation of elastic waves in stressed media. Modeling of porosity of complex constructed geological medium using the moduli of elasticity of the third-order had been conducted on one- and two-dimensional thin-models, on velocities of shear and pressure waves, density, porosity and effective pressure. Models had been prepared on one of the areas in the South Caspian Basin on geophysical researches in the well, VSP and seismic profile 2D. The results of modeling create the real preconditions of the use of elastic moduli of the third-order for prediction of porosity and other physical parameters of the geological section on GIS data and multi-wave seismisity.

References
1. Guz' A.N., Uprugie volny v telakh s nachal'nymi napryazheniyami (Elastic
waves in bodies with initial stresses), Kiev: Naukova dumka Publ., 1986.
2. Aleksandrov K.S., Prodayvoda G.T., Maslov B.P., Doklady RAN, 2001, V. 380,
no. 1, pp. 109-112.
3. Vyzhva S.A., Maslov B.P., Prodayvoda G.T., Geofizicheskiy zhurnal – Geophysical
Journal, 2005, V. 27, no. 6, pp. 1012-1022.
4. Kuliev G.G., Izvestiya NANA, Seriya Nauki o Zemle, 2009, no. 2, pp. 31-39.
5. Kuliev G.G., To physical-mechanical properties of strained slightly
anisotropic media, Proceedings the sciences of Earth of academy sciences
Azerbaijan, 1998, no. 4, pp. 134-140.
6. Kuliev G.G., Agaev Kh.B., Geodinamika, 2010, no. 1(9), pp. 81-86.
7. Veeken P.C.H., Da Silva M., Seismic inversion methods and some of their
constraints, Multi-disciplinary geoscience special topics, first break, EAGE,
2004, V. 22, pp. 47-70.
8. Voskresenskiy Yu.N., Izuchenie izmeneniy amplitud seysmicheskikh otrazheniy
dlya poiskov i razvedki zalezhey uglevodorodov (Investigation of changes in
the amplitude of seismic reflections for prospecting and exploration of hydrocarbon
deposits), Moscow: Publ. of Ministry of education of RF, 2001, 69 p.

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Working out and operation of oil deposits

M.B. Assovsky, A.V.Yefimov (Schlumberger Information Solutions)
Role of an economic assessment in optimization schemes of development of a field with low-productive collectors

DOI:
In this article some approaches to an economic assessment of projects of development of fields and ways of optimization of its separate components are considered. Main objectives of work were the assessment of current state of development of one of fields and justification of the most optimum plan of its further operation.

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N.A. Gultyaeva, E.N. Toshev (Tyumen Branch of SurgutNIPIneft, RF, Tyumen)
Mass exchange in the oil-gas-water and its effect on the production of associated gas

DOI:

E-mail: Gultyaeva_NA@surgutneftegas.ru

Key words: water content, gas factor, residual gas-oil ratio, dissolved gas.

The results of experimental studies of the effect of growth on the water content (90% or more), the contribution of dissolved gas in the total volume of its production in the project as established by the natural gas saturation of formation waters that accompany the deposit, and by extraction with water pumped from the light components of produced oil.

References
1. Sheykh-Ali D.I., Izmenenie svoystv plastovoy nefti i gazovogo faktora v
protsesse ekspluatatsii neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy (Changing the properties
of reservoir oil and gas factor in the exploitation of oil fields), Ufa:
Publ. of BashNIPIneft', 2001, 140 p.
2. Amerkhanov I.M., Reym G.A., Grebneva S.T., Kataeva M.R.,
Neftepromyslovoe delo, 1976, no. 6, pp. 16-18.
3. Instruktsiya po primeneniyu klassifikatsii zapasov mestorozhdeniy, perspektivnykh
i prognoznykh resursov nefti i goryuchikh gazov. Instruktsiya
o soderzhanii, oformlenii i poryadke predstavleniya v Gosudarstvennuyu
komissiyu po zapasam poleznykh iskopaemykh pri Sovete Ministrov SSSR
(GKZ SSSR) materialov po podschetu zapasov nefti i goryuchikh gazov
(Instructions for the use of the classification of reserves, perspective and
expected resources of oil and combustible gases. Instructions on the
content, registration, and how to submit to the State Commission on
Mineral Reserves of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (Soviet Union
SRC) materials in the calculation of reserves of oil and combustible
gases), Moscow: Publ. of GKZ SSSR, 1984, 18 p.
4. Vremennye metodicheskie rekomendatsii po zapolneniyu formy federal'nogo
gosudarstvennogo statisticheskogo nablyudeniya no. 6-gr
(neft', gaz, komponenty), vedeniyu federal'nogo i svodnykh territorial'nykh
balansovykh zapasov (Temporary guidelines for completing the
federal statistical observation no. 6-oz (oil, gas, components), administered
by the federal and territorial consolidated balance sheet reserves),
Moscow: Publ. of Rosgeolfond, 1996, 28 p.

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The oil-field equipment

A.N. Muryzhnikov, I.G. Alkin, I.R. Latypov (Bashneft-Dobycha LLC, RF, Ufa), A.A. Muryzhnikov (RockFlow Dynamics LLC, RF, Moscow)
Application of ZigBee modems to transmit power parameters of SRP and ESP to control room at Oil and Gas Production Department

DOI:

E-mail: MuryignikovAN@bashneft.ru

Key words: vattmetrogramma, router ZigBee, coordinator ZigBee, screenshot.

The paper considers the use of technology in the oilfield data ZigBeePro for remote monitoring of power consumption directly on SRP (ESP) and the remote controller programming KSKN(KT).As an illustration to the material attached screenshots of the software control room at Oil and Gas Production Department.

References
1. Khakim'yanov M.I., Pachin M.G., Neftegazovoe delo – Oil&Gas Business,
2011, no. 5, pp. 26-36.
2. Muryzhnikov A.N., Muryzhnikov A.A., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry,
2013, no. 6, pp. 129-133.

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N.L. Dokuchaev, S.V. Potekhin (Research and Production Company GRASIS, RF, Moscow)
Nitrogen and oxygen stations for complete provision of field locations with industrial gases

DOI:

E-mail: info@grasys.ru

Key words: membrane technology, pressure swing adsorption plants, process gases, nitrogen, oxygen, fire-fighting.

The advantages of membrane and adsorption technologies for production of process gases at field locations are described. The engineering solutions for recovery of nitrogen and oxygen are presented by the example of several sites in the Vankorskoye field or Rosneft Oil Company. The various wide-ranging opportunities for industrial gases production with membrane and adsorption technologies are demonstrated in conjunction with a flexible approach to selection of technical solutions depending on specifics of the field sites.

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Transport and oil preparation

E.V. Kirbizhekova, I.V. Prozorova, N.V. Yudina (Institute of Petroleum Chemistry, Siberian Branch of RAS, RF, Tomsk), N.Yu. Margolis (National Researche Tomsk State University, RF, Tomsk)
The effect of water phase content and salinity on the rheological properties of water-in-crude oil emulsions

DOI:

Key words: water-in-crude oil emulsion, dispersion, viscosity, thixotropy.

E-mail: kirbizhekova@gmail.com

There are many oil fields that have come in advanced stage of development. The water presence in the oil leads to formation of water–in-crude oil emulsions. These emulsions can be very stable as a result of presence of polar components such as asphaltenes and resins. In this study the influence of water cut and salinity on the disperse and rheological characteristics of water-in-crude oil emulsions is investigated experimentally. The correlation between the droplet size and emulsion viscosity is established. It is found, that an increased water cut gives rise to growth of thixotropic properties and dispersed system structuring. In addition it is shown that emulsion stability decreases with increasing water phase salinity. The obtained data can be used in the implementation and prediction processes of production, collection and transportation of emulsion mixtures based on heavy paraffinic oils rich 

References
1. Baykov N.M., Pozdnyshev G.H., Mansurov R.I., Sbor i promyslovaya podgotovka
nefti, gaza i vody (Gathering and field treatment of oil, gas and water),
Moscow: Nedra, 1981, 261 p.
2. Lyustritskiy V.M., Neftepromyslovoe delo, 1997, no. 10–11, pp. 35–37.
3. Sakhabutdinov R.Z., Gubaydulin F.R., Ismagilov I.Kh., Kosmacheva T.F., Osobennosti
formirovaniya i razrusheniya vodoneftyanykh emul'siy na pozdney
stadii razrabotki neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy (Features of formation and destruction
of oil-water emulsions at a late stage of oil field development),
Moscow: Publ. of OAO “VNIIOENG”, 2005, 324 p.
4. Tronov V.P., Promyslovaya podgotovka nefti (Field oil treatment), Kazan':
Fen Publ., 2000, 416 p.
5. Glushchenko V.N., Obratnye emul'sii i suspenzii v neftegazovoy promyshlennosti
(Inverse emulsions and suspensions in oil and gas industry), Moscow:
Interkontakt Nauka Publ., 2008, 725 p.
6. Ergin Yu.V., Kostrova L.I., Kuznetsova N.V., Vestnik Bashkirskogo universiteta,
2001, no. 3, pp. 19–21.
7. Moradi M., Alvarado V., Huzurbazar S., Effect of salinity on water-in-crude oil
emulsion: evaluation through drop-size distribution proxy, Energy Fuels, 2011,
no. 25(1), pp. 260–268.
8. Orlov G.A., Kendis M.Sh., Glushchenko V.N., Primenenie obratnykh emul'siy
v neftedobyche (The use of inverse emulsions in oil extraction), Moscow:
Nedra Publ., 1991, 224 p.
9. Kashaev R.S., Neftepererabotka i neftekhimiya, 2000, no. 6, pp. 30-35.
10. Vygovskoy V.P., Daneker V.A., Rikkonen S.V., Teplov A.I., Collected papers
“Avtomatizatsiya i informatsionnoe obespechenie tekhnologicheskikh protsessov
v neftyanoy promyshlennosti” (Automation and informational support
of processes in the oil industry), Tomsk: Publ. of Tomsk State University, 2002, V. 2,
pp. 224–229.
11. Loskutova Yu.V., Prozorova I.V., Yudina N.V., Collected papers “Dobycha,
podgotovka, transport nefti i gaza” (Extraction, preparation, transportation
of oil and gas), Proceedings of III All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference,
Tomsk: Publ. of Institute of Atmospheric Optics of Siberian Branch of the
Russian Academy of Science, 2004, pp. 235–237.

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R.Z. Sakhabutdinov, A.N. Sudykin, F.R. Gubaidulin(TatNIPIneft, RF, Bugulma)
Study of ultrasonic dehydration process for heavy oil

DOI:

E-mail: sudykin@tatnipi.ru

Key words: heavy oil emulsion, ultrasonic treatment, mathematical modeling, experimental studies, ultrasonic treatment parameters.

Heavy oil emulsions demonstrate high stability characteristics. Ultrasonic treatment is a promising technology used to breakdown stable emulsions. Theoretical and experimental studies have been conducted to determine optimal parameters of ultrasonic treatment for dehydration of heavy oil. According to the results, ultrasonic treatment substantially improves the performance of heavy oil dehydration process.

References

1. Khmelev V.N., Slivin A.N., Barsukov R.V., Tsyganok S.N., Shalunov A.V., Primenenie

ul'trazvuka vysokoy intensivnosti v promyshlennosti (The use of high intensity

ultrasound in the industry), Biysk: Publ. of Altai State Technical University,

2010, 203 p.

2. Khmelev V.N., Tsyganok S.N., Kuzovnikov Yu.M., Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy

vestnik Povolzh'ya, 2011, no. 5, pp. 194-198.

3. Galkin V.A., Uravnenie Smolukhovskogo (Smoluchowski equation), Moscow:

Fiziko-matematicheskaya literatura Publ., 2001, 336 p.

4. Dunyushkin I.I., Sbor i podgotovka skvazhinnoy produktsii neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy

(Gathering and treatment of oil well production), Moscow: Neft'

i gaz Publ., 2006, 320 p.

5. Sheng C.D., Shen X.L., Modelling acoustic agglomeration processes using

direct simulation Monte Carlo Method, Journal of Aerosol Science, 2006,

Issue 37, pp. 16-36.

6. Sheng, C.D., Shen X.L., Simulation of acoustic agglomeration processes of

polydisperse solid particle, Journal of Aerosol Science and Technology, 2007,

Is-sue 41, pp. 1-13.

7. Golykh R.N., Khmelev S.S., Khmelev V.N., Collected papers “Izmereniya, avtomatizatsiya

i modelirovanie v promyshlennosti i nauchnykh issledovaniyakh

IAMP-2010” (Measurement, automation and simulation in industry and research

IAMP-2010), Proceedings of 7th All-Russian Scientific and Technical

Confer-ence, Biysk: Publ. of Altai State Technical University, 2010, pp. 125-129.


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I.V. Yanina, S.V. Rikker, S.Yu. Islamgaleeva (Gazpromneft NTC LLC, RF, Saint-Petersburg)
The economic rationale for the selection of anti-corrosion protection of pipelines

DOI:

E-mail: Yanina.IV@gazpromneft-ntc.ru, Rikker.SV@gazpromneft-ntc.ru, Islamgaleyeva.SYu@ gazpromneft-ntc.ru

Key words: optimization of expenses, anticorrosive defense of pipelines.

Actuality of decision-making question is certain about measures on the corrosion protection of pipelines. The variants of the system of anticorrosive defense of oil pipelines are considered. Capital investments, current expenses, are expected on variants. Authors made conclusion about the border terms of priority of variants for the different diameters of pipeline.


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Shelf development

B.R. Livshyts (Central Design Bureau Corall PJSC, Ukraine, Sevastopol)
Main factors influencing on architectural and structural design of offshore building

DOI:
E-mail: borys.livshyts@gmail.com
Key words: architectural-structural type, seismic resistance, autonomy, shelf, steel intensity.

When creating offshore development resources, it is necessary to deal with the definition of architectural and structural building type. The main influencing factors are as follows: the impact of waves, wind, ice loads (for the seas with ice conditions), the risk of seismic activity (for regions with seismic activity 7 - 9 points). A separate complex issue is the necessity of determining autonomy of structures. High rates of autonomy lead to an increase in the size of the top structure and its weight characteristics. The subject of the article is the impact of the main design factors on the architectural and structural type. The goal is to determine the most significant factors affecting the appearance of buildings. The research results in systematizing the main factors, influencing the complexity of creating buildings. We determined that under the same conditions of operation, factors of autonomy and seismic resistance substantially influence architectural and structural type of the MODU. The financial expertise was carried out.

References
1. Mirzoev D. A., Maslov V.N., Krasovskiy A.V., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry,
2012, no. 1, pp. 50-52.
2. Borisov R.V., Makarov V.G., Makarov V.V. et al., Morskie inzhenernye
sooruzheniya (Marine engineering structures), Part 1., St. Petersburg: Sudostroenie
Publ., 2003, 535 p.
3. Borodavkin P.P., Morskie neftegazovye sooruzheniya (Marine engineering
structures), Part 1. Konstruirovanie (Designing), Moscow: Nedra-Biznestsentr
Publ., 2006, 555 p.
4. Vyakhirev R.I., Nikitin B.A., Mirzoev D.A., Obustroystvo i osvoenie morskikh
neftegazovykh mestorozhdeniy (Construction and development of offshore
oil and gas fields), Moscow: Publ. of Academy of Mining Sciences, 1999,
373 p.
5. Birbraer A.N., Raschet konstruktsiy na seysmostoykost' (Structural analysis for
seismic stability), St. Petersburg: Nauka Publ., 1998, 255 p.

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Power supply

B.N. Abramovich, Yu.A. Sychev, A.S. Mingazov (National Mineral Resources University, RF, Saint-Petersburg), V.V. Polishuk (Optima LLC, RF, Saint-Petersburg)
On the elimination of voltage and current harmonics created by uninterruptible power supply

DOI:

E-mail: Sychev_yura@mail.ru

Key words: uninterruptible power supply, power quality, shunt active filter, total harmonic distortion, nonlinear load, harmonic.

The article pointed the necessity of uninterruptible power supply using for guaranteed power supply of important in criterion of technological process continuity of oil production consumers. The necessity, effectiveness and reasonability of shunt active filters application for voltage and current harmonics, created by uninterruptible power supply, elimination are shown.

References

1. Abramovich B.N., Ustinov D.A., Polyakov V.E., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2010, no. 9, pp. 104-106.

2. Sychev Yu.A., Zapiski Gornogo instituta, 2007, V. 173, pp. 109-111.

3. Abramovich B.N., Medvedev A.V., Starostin V.V. et 

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Ecological and industrial safety

Ya.I. Vaysman, I.S. Glushankova, L.V. Rudakova (Perm National Research Polytechnic University, RF, Perm), V.V. Kumi, I.P. Tokarev (Emulsion Technology Co.Ltd, RF, Samara)
Development of technology remediation soil contaminated by oil using GUMIKOM

DOI:
E-mail: irina_chem@mail.ru
Key words: oil-contaminated ground, humic-mineral complex, remeditsiya,
detoxification.

The paper presents the results of comprehensive laboratory and pilot studies on the remediation and detoxification of contaminated soils in the presence of humic preparation GUMIKOM, extracted from brown coal. Set of physical and chemical and biochemical mechanisms of acceleration of the processes of self-purification, detoxification and phytoremediation of contaminated soils and conditions and parameters of the process. Pilot tests on the remediation of contaminated soils at oil production facilities in the Samara area are carried out. Based on the studies the technology for remediation of contaminated soil and ground is developed using GUMIKOM to provide technical grounds.

References
1. Khaustov A.P., Redina M.M., Okhrana okruzhayushchey sredy pri dobyche
nefti (Protection of the environment during oil production), Moscow: Delo
Publ., 2006, 551 p.
2. Orlov D.S., Gumusovye kisloty pochv i obshchaya teoriya gumifikatsii
(Humus acid of soils and general theory of humification), Moscow: Publ. of
MSU, 1990, 325 p.
3. Von Wandruszka R., The micellar model of humus, Soil Scence, 1998, V. 163.
4. Grechishcheva N.Yu., Vzaimodeystvie gumusovykh kislot s poliyadernymi
aromaticheskimi uglevodorodami: khimicheskie i toksikologicheskie aspekty
(Interaction of humic acids with polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons: chemical
and toxicological aspects): thesis of the candidate of chemical sciences,
Moscow, 2000, 157 p.
5. Dagurov A.V., Vliyanie gumatov na toksichnost' uglevodorodov nefti (The
influence of humates on the toxicity of petroleum hydrocarbons): thesis of the
candidate of biological sciences, Irkutsk, 2004, 137 p.
6. Stepanov A.A., Derkham Kh., Motuzova G.V., Kompleksoobrazovanie s ionami
metallov (Zn, Pb, Cu) guminovykh kislot pochv s raznymi svoystvami
(Complexation with metal ions (Zn, Pb, Cu) of humic acid soils with different
properties), Moscow: Publ. of MSU, 2012, pp. 15-20.
7. Saleem Kayd Mokhammed Abdulla, Ispol'zovanie guminovykh preparatov
dlya detoksikatsii i biodegradatsii neftyanogo zagryazneniya (The use of
humic substances for detoxification and biodegradation of oil pollution): thesis
of the candidate of chemical sciences, Moscow, 2003 g.
8. Ivanov A.A., Yudina N.V., Mal'tseva E.V., Matis E.Ya., Khimiya rastitel'nogo
syr'ya – Chemistry of plant raw material, 2007, no. 1, pp. 99–103.
9. Kuznetsov A.E. et al., Prikladnaya ekobiotekhnologiya (Applied ecobiotechnology),
Part 2, Moscow: BINOM Publ., 2010, 1114 p.
10. Patent no. 2486166 RF, Method of decontaminating oil-contaminated soil,
method of decontaminating spent drilling mud, Inventor: V.V. Kumi.

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D.Yu. Zakharov (Ukhta State Technical University, RF, Ukhta)
Emergency situations risk management on the base of urgent response systems improvement

DOI:
E-mail: NAShNEX@bk.ru
Key words: engineering psychology, emergency situations, accident, reaction, control.
The development of modern means of communication opens new possibilities in the sphere of emergency situations reacting. It demands the creation of special purpose systems aimed to solution of specific tasks, as unified product, aimed to average consumer in everyday life, doesn’t meet all requirements of ergonomics and the speed of reaction, needed in the case of emergency industrial situations. Primarily, the systems should be used on the objects, where the degree of risk is above the regulation value. For grounding of reasonability of using such systems, it demands to make a detailed analysis of total facility risks and also its independent technological units. 

References
1. RD 03-409-01, Metodika otsenki posledstviy avariynykh vzryvov toplivno-vozdushnykh smesey (Methods of assessing the effects of accidental explosions of fuel and air mixtures), Moscow: Publ. of “Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy tsentr po bezopasnosti v promyshlennosti Gosgortekhnadzora Rossii”, 2001, 16 p.
2. RD 03-418-01, Metodicheskie ukazaniya po provedeniyu analiza riska
opasnykh proizvodstvennykh ob"ektov (Guidelines for the risk analysis of
hazardous production facilities), Publ. of “Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy tsentr po
bezopasnosti v promyshlennosti Gosgortekhnadzora Rossii”, 2002, 18 p.
3. STO Gazprom 2-2.3-351-2009, Metodicheskie ukazaniya po provedeniyu
analiza riska dlya opasnykh proizvodstvennykh ob"ektov gazotransportnykh
predpriyatiy OAO “Gazprom” (Methodological guidelines for risk analysis
for hazardous production facilities of "Gazprom" gas transmission companies),
Moscow: Publ. of “Gazprom”, 2009, 20 p.
4. GOST R 12.3.047-98, Sistema standartov bezopasnosti truda. Pozharnaya bezopasnost' tekhnologicheskikh protsessov. Obshchie trebovaniya.
Metody kontrolya (Occupational safety standards system. Fire safety of
processes. General requirements. Control methods), Moscow: Izdatel'stvo
standartov, 2000, 45 p.
5. GOST R 12.3.047-98, Sistema standartov bezopasnosti truda. Pozharnaya bezopasnost'. Obshchie trebovaniya (Occupational safety standards system. Fire safety. General requirements), Moscow: Izdatel'stvo standartov, 1992, 23 p.

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From history of development of petroleum industry

Press service of the Union of oil and gas producers of Russia
120 years to the first Grozny oil fountain

DOI:
In October 120 years of the oil-extracting industry of the Grozny oil area were executed: 6 on October (19), 1893 at Grozny struck the oil fountain of industrialist I.A.Akhverdova. In two years Akhverdov starts up the first large kerosene plant that gives rise to industrial oil processing in this oil area in Grozny.

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