Key words: oil industry, corporate reporting, integrated reporting, international financial reporting standards (IFRS), report on payments to governments.

This article describes new approach for the corporate reporting of the oil companies. New approach includes integrated reporting, IFRS financials, accounting on payments to governments. The content elements to be included in an integrated report are: company overview and external environment; corporate governance; opportunities and risks; strategy and resource allocation; business model; performance; future outlook.

Key words: assessment of areas, the license, the mathematical model.

Possible methodological approaches for the prediction of the geological attributes of subsoil development projects that include the geological study stage are considered. Several methods of mathematical statistics were used: correlation and regression analysis, the approximation with help of curves. The results of the work include: mathematical models to predict the final increase in known reserves in the subsoil; the models for the prediction of the number of discoveries; and the distribution of shares of stocks discoveries through the ranks. Areas are numerically described whit help of characteristics, which are based on the data published by Government agencies at the Announcement of tenders and auctions for subsoil use. In order to construct the models real information about the exploration of the subsoil of the Perm Territory since 1978 were used. The constructed models and dependencies can be used to assess the subsoil in order to determine the prospects of setting exploration and acquisition of licenses. Analysis of the characteristics that included in the model allowed making conclusions about the impact of the characteristics of certain groups on the final results of the work on the areas.

 

Key words: South Caspian Basin, oil-generating potential, vitrinite reflectance.

The features of the thermal regime of the sedimentary basin of the South Caspian and their reflection in the history of changes in katagenesis of pool rock organic matter are investigated. Numerical reconstructions of the evolution of the thermal regime and the history of pool sinking obtained with application of the pools simulator system GALO are used. Modeling assumes a high and noticeably unsteady modern mantle thermal conditions in the region and expressed activity of processes of dispersion heat transfer, increasing the effective thermal conductivity of the upper sedimentary rocks by several times. Assessment of the degree of katagenesis of organic matter in sedimentary section rocks of the western part of the South Caspian Basin has shown that the rocks of the lower Paleocene, Lower Eocene and Lower Maikop can only be regarded as a gas-generating, while the Middle Maikop rocks can be considered as promising for the generation both liquid and gas hydrocarbons.

Key words: thermohydrodynamic investigations, vertical wells, multilayer reservoirs.

A mathematical model is constructed to describe the thermohydrodynamic processes in "vertical well - multilayer reservoir" system. A new approach to estimate the filtration parameters and flow rates of interlayers is proposed. The curves of the bottomhole temperature variations taken after the bringing the vertical well into production are used as the source data.

Key words: hydraulic fracturing, viscosity of formation fluid, fracture design.

The hydrofracturing modeling performed allowed estimating the well deliverability as a function of the formation fluid viscosity and the reservoir drainage area geometry. It has been found that a horizontal well, where no multi-stage hydrofracturing is planned, shall be parallel to the long axis of the reservoir area. The areas shall rather be rectangular than isometric. For a horizontal well with transverse hydraulic fractures, a reservoir drainage area shall preferably be rectangular and oriented parallel to fractures. An optimum reservoir aspect ratio can also add to production. It has been found that the higher the formation fluid viscosity, the larger aspect ratios, and, consequently, the higher the production rate. For Tatarstan oil fields, the number of transverse fractures shall be at least four. So, when planning hydrofrac treatment, the orientation of the fracture is first determined to ensure the highest possible productivity, then, the orientation of the horizontal wellbore and the reservoir drainage area shape are selected.

  

Key words: pressure transient test, criteria, quality assessment, reliability assessment.

The authors consider quality of pressure transient test performance and tests results interpretation. The article presents the formalized procedure for test results analysis based on the criteria system.

Key words: multilayered reservoirs, static and simulation models, numerical cells, material balance, Carter-Tracy model, interbed leakage.

Numerical reservoir simulation is always a compromise between accuracy of geological description and calculation rate. Development of optimal 3D field model, in terms of number and size of cells, requires adequate recognition of the field’s geological and technological features. The paper introduces the method of decreasing the number of cells in a model. This algorithm was applied for Sudanese G oil field simulation. It includes common upscaling procedure and split of the model into parts based on geological characteristics and development technology. Simplified material balance model is built for each reservoir, inter reservoirs transmissibility and aquifer power are evaluated as a result of reservoir pressure matching. Division of the initial 3D model is performed according to simplified models with predetermined on Material balance models aquifer flux and interbed leakage.

Key words:extra heavy oil, rheology, viscosity, chemical type, wax,resin-asphaltene substances

It is revealed the variation of the viscosity of samples from a variety of extra-heavy oil wells Ashalchinskoye field at different temperatures and shear stresses. It is shown that the degree of structure and mechanical strength of the oil systems, as well as the variation of these properties with decreasing temperature is largely determined by their chemical composition, reflecting the degree of their natural transformations.

References

1. Khisamov R.S., Abdulmazitov R.G., Ibatullina S.I., Neftyanoe khozyaystvo – Oil Industry, 2007, no. 11, pp. 85-87.

2. Kayukova G.P., Romanov G.V., Muslimov R.Kh., Khimiya i geokhimiya permskikh bitumov Tatarstana (Chemistry and geochemistry of Permian bitumen of Tatarstan), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1999, 304 p.

3. Malofeev V.V., Geologicheskoe obosnovanie effektivnosti osvoeniya mestorozhdeniy sverkhvyazkikh neftey i prirodnykh bitumov Tatarstana (Geological substantiation of efficiency of field development heavy oil and natural bitumen of Tatarstan): thesis of the candidate of geology and mineralogy sciences, Moscow, 2011.

4. “Tatneft'” uvelichivaet debit na Ashal'chinskom mestorozhdenii sverkhvyazkoy nefti ("Tatneft" increases the production rate to the Ashalchinskoye field of extra viscous oil), Oil&Gas Journal Russia, URL: www.ogj.ru/news/2012/03/538.

5. Petrov Al.A., Uglevodorody neftey (Petroleum hydrocarbons), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1984, 264 p.

6. Ratov A.N., Neftekhimiya – Petroleum Chemistry, 1996, no. 3, pp. 195-208.

7. Tumanyan B.P., Nauchnye i prikladnye aspekty teorii neftyanykh dispersnykh sistem (Scientific and applied aspects of the theory of oil disperse systems), Moscow: Tekhnika Publ., 2000, 336 p.

8. Barskaya E.E., Ganeeva Yu.M., Yusupova T.N. et al., Tekhnologi nefti i gaza - Science and Technology of Hydrocarbons, 2006, no. 4, pp. 28-33.

Key words: low-permeability reservoirs, methods of enhanced oil recovery, physical and chemical methods, flow deviation technologies.

Factors complicating the effective development of YuS₂ layers of Surgutneftegas OAO fields are shown. The main principles of effective application of physical and chemical methods of enhanced oil recovery are given. The volumes and the results of flow deviation technologies application at the fields of Surgutneftegas OJSC in 2009-2012 are presented.

Key words: hydraulic fracturing; control of hydraulic fracture orientation.

The author offers an effective solution for control of hydraulic fractures propagation in low permeability layered non-uniform reservoirs due to redistribution of reservoir stress.

3. Mikhin A.S., Neft', gaz i biznes, 2012, no. 1-2, pp. 65-67. 

Keywords: variable wettability, non-uniform layers, capillary trailing effects.

The analysis of existing ideas about non-uniform layers is made. Influence of capillary trailing effects on features of development of operational objects and on characteristics of transitional water oil zones is researched. Modeling of replacement of oil by water from a non-uniform core on wettability is carried out.

Key words: CAD, 3D CAD, 3D model, scientific management, project development cost.

The article draws attention to the fact of growing engineering skills importance for project quality under the introduction of computer-aided design tools. The «pass-through» design automation mode – the digital information model transfer between sub-contractors of the project – is also very substantial tool for minimizing project errors and time-to-market reduction. But it’s great to understand, authors say, though design process automation helps to improve the quality and reduce time-to-market nevertheless the amount of project work is not reduced. In this situation, it is important to solve the issue of project CAD development pricing of on the basis on the mutual interests of customers and contractors.

Key words: design and survey works, the unification of systems of computer-aided design (CAD) and geographic information systems (GIS), automation.

The basic principles of the approach to the use of the most advanced technologies on the automation of design and survey works of taken individually corporate design institutes of Rosneft Oil Company. This is necessary for their replication and the establishment of a unified software technology platform to enhance the performance, manageability and quality of output construction documents in the area of design of oil and gas fields construction and oil refining.

Key words: EPM, BI, PDM, CAD, project management, toolkit, dashboards, mind mapping, megaprojects, WBS.

Complicated, unstructured and turbulent data flow appears with complex project management. Data flow management, systematization and control is organizing by project team with new tools implementing or standard tools borrowing, developed based on major software solutions. Microsoft Project and other MS Office products, Business Intelligence systems, teamwork software, online project management applications could work as such solutions. It is possible to achieve the best results on three classic PM limitations - time, budget, project scope by providing software solutions synergy systematically. One of the possible complex project information management solutions was perfected during projects management in 2009-2013 by authors and their project teams.

Jersey: WILEY, 2011. 

Key words: information model / information modeling, applied information model, engineering model, lifecycle management, lifecycle management system, PLM-system, integrated information systems creation, fuel and energy complex.

The article devoted the comprehensive informatization for lifecycle management support implementation on the basis of information modeling of the fuel & energy market facilities. The methodology possibilities and advantages are discussed. The information modeling technology helps to evaluate the advisability of the investments proposed at the investments justification stage, to create facility development concept at the feasibility study stage, to form accurate facility engineering project model and to use it for effective building and assembly jobs and many operation support applications.

Key words: information technologies, automatic design, 3D-design.

Qualified personnel and hardware components at their disposal are the principal assets of a design organization. The main parts of the IT infrastructure necessary for efficient project activities are analyzed on the example of SamaraNIPIneft LLC. The design method based on tridimensional modeling appears to be promising and is being actively developed at SamaraNIPIneft LLC for designing infrastructure development facilities and fueling stations. Nowadays successful advance of a design organization is impossible without information technologies developing. Today, in choosing infrastructure development, it is necessary to employ only the most up-to-date solutions, which in a few years’ time will become vital for efficient and high-quality performance.

 

Key words: geographic information system (GIS), licensing, hydrocarbons, subsurface management monitoring.

The article examines the key aspects of subsurface management monitoring for hydrocarbons in the Russian Federation with the use of GIS system called "Oil and gas content and status of subsoil management in the Russian Federation". The authors describe the GIS system environment and its main components. Application range and a list of tasks for which GIS project can be used also are shown.

Key words: analytical system, field development and operation, geological and geophysical data, data warehouse, OLAP, well manage, mapping tools, geological profiles, cross sections, 3D visualization of geological models, results of reservoir simulation.

In order to increase field development and operation quality, LUKOIL Oil Company has developed corporate software system, based on data collection and analysis of fragmented development objects. The system uses advanced interactive visual tools for geological and geophysical data analysis: multi-dimensional OLAP reporting, geographical maps, regional maps of geological and geophysical exploration, development maps, geological profiles, wells logging, design and inclinometry, etc.

Key words: data management, geological and geophysical and field data, business-process, corporate information system.

The author considers current problems of geological and geophysical and field data management and solutions that are used in domestic and foreign oil companies. The paper presents main stages of the data management process.

Key words: geographic information system (GIS), ArcGIS, geology, petroleum, system.

All-Russian Research Geological Oil Institute successfully uses MapInfo-based geographic information system (GIS) to monitor petroleum resource base of the country. Current needs of the organization require the deployment of scalable server and portal technologies (ESRI ArcGIS and Microsoft Sharepoint) to provide shared and remote access to the datasets. GIS analysis and development are used to enhance the quality and speed of geodata processing, as well as to streamline cartographic output.

 

Key words: evaluation of oil and gas projects construction cost, database of analogues objects, classification of oil and gas facilities, methodology of estimating the cost of construction of oil and gas facilities.

The article discusses the fundamental problem of estimating the cost of construction of oil and gas projects in Russia and solution of these problems based on company experience. Major problems of oil&gas projects costs evaluation are: lack of publicly open costs data, methodological differences, and different classification of construction objects. While working on optimization of cost evaluation process, Ingenix Group has developed its own approach to costs estimation. This approach includes own methodology and construction objects classification together with creating own costs database. Finally, it become a basis for developing cost estimation software Ingenix Cost Manager.

 

Key words: computing networks, software defined networks (SDN), control systems, decentralized systems, mutliagent systems.

The paper describes the issue of reducing the load and increasing of efficiency of enterprise computer networks of Russian oil corporations by using software defined networks (SDN) technology based on the principles of multi-agent interaction. In the paper, we introduce the new methods and algorithms allowing to improve the reliability and efficiency of operations made on the same available resources (without the need to purchase supercomputers).

Key words: FabricCache, QLogic, caching, Fibre Channel adapter, cluster environment, virtualization.

All the existing solutions to accelerate applications in the data center by data caching while working in a SAN infrastructure are divided into two main classes: server-side caching and storage-side cashing. The article describes a new technology and a new class of solution: caching Fibre Channel (FC) host bus adapters. This technology is a hybrid solution that combines the advantages of both classes, as the FC adapters are plugged inside a server but the cached data is available both from within the server, as well as outside - to everyone who has access to the SAN. The article contains the results of testing of the FabricCache family FC adapters in a virtualized (VMware) cluster environment when working with applications such as databases (SQL), Oracle RAC, MS Exchange. The performance increase was in a set of configurations of clusters of 7 to 22 times, showing a good scalability and the possibility of actually summing of cache memory of all the cards between nodes of the cluster. As an essential advantage is marked the independence of the solution on the operating environment, ease of deployment and management in the existing infrastructure of the customer.

 

Key words: well, rod, threaded connection.

This solution enables the choice of the mimimum acceptable values of the tightening of the threaded connection of a rod, when the total of frictions in threadings and shoulder bearing faces of rods and boxes exceeds the total of twisting strains from the spiral deformation of the column. At the same time this prevents accidents when the first (from the collar) engaged threads failure occurs.

Key words: back pressure valve, reservoir pressure maintenance system, production problems.

The authors propose improved design of the back pressure valve for autonomous shutting down pressure lines in an emergency stop of pumping units of the reservoir pressure maintenance system. New back pressure valve includes no moving metal parts exposed to the negative effects at work in an aggressive or saline environment, providing reliable operation during emergency stops of pumps, increasing its life span.

Key words: risk of failure, offshore pipeline, construction.

The paper describes the selection of methodology for technological risk assessment at the stage of effectiveness and feasibility analysis of offshore pipeline project. Scenarios of possible failures during the construction of the offshore pipeline are given. Risk level variations during the pipeline construction are calculated.

2. Goryainov Yu.A., Izvestiya vuzov “Neft' i gaz”, 2004, no. 6, pp. 64-69  

Key words: oil, local obstacle, partial clogging, measurement of pressure and velocity on the ends of the controlled segment, method of characteristics, detection algorithm.

Locating method (L-method) for detecting the location of a partial clog in the pipeline is developed. The method is based on continuous measurement of pressure and velocity (or flow rate) on the ends of the controlled segment with subsequent processing of the measured values according to unique mathematical algorithm. The proposed method allows detection of partial clogging in the pipeline and assessment of the extent of its impact on the reduction of flow rate. This method is recommended as primary or supplementary to existing methods for detecting clogging within the pipeline.

Key words: biosorbent, immobilization, hydrocarbon, hydrocarbon oxidizing microorganisms, carbon-containing waste.

New method of biosorbent obtaining is proposed. Hydrocarbon obtained as a result of surplus active sludge modification was used as a matrix. Physical characteristics of hydrocarbon are not correspond to natural carbon sorbents, but are sufficient for using as a matrix for microorganisms immobilization on the porous surface. Results of investigations are considered to be the base for justification of technological process parameters for biosorbents obtaining on the base of carbon-containing waste and technology of biosorbents production. Proposed method of biosorbents obtaining allow to use material potential of carbon-containing waste, to reduce volumes of landfilled waste, to use efficiently obtained biosorbents in environmental technologies in processes of water and wastewater treatment from petroleum products, and bioremediation of oil contaminated soils.

Key words: oily wastes, remediation, hydrocarbon fractions.

In this study content of oil fractions in wastes produced was estimated during oil extraction and transportation. It was demonstrated, that these wastes differ in their fraction content: either aromatic or saturated hydrocarbons are dominant. In modeling of bioremediation processes by means of composting with soil, compost and addition of sel ected microorganisms, different speed of degradation of different oily fractions was revealed. In case of low final content of oil, concentration of asphaltens and resins, in case of uncompleted degradation of hydrocarbons concentrations of asphaltens and aromatic hydrocarbons became higher. 

Key words: probability of the methane concentrations exceeding, optimal working conditions, time forecast, the generalized criterion, the minimum probability of a false alarm.

The problems of ensuring safe working conditions in the oil mines are considered. An expression for predicting the time of alarm operation at disfunction of the ventilation system is obtained. The developed method allows to predict the number of blowouts and to assume the measures to prevent emergency situation in the mine.