Key words: major project, conceptual design, design logic, project phase, information value, cost engineering.

This article is devoted to the major projects preparation and implementation system used in Gazprom Neft for development of new hydrocarbon deposits. Special focus is made on key elements of the system: project phasing, elaboration of conceptual solutions, work of project teams, including at the stage of Implementation. Detailed consideration is given to the main principles of project division into phases and selection of development concept subject to the existing uncertainties and risks. The author describes phased decision-making methods and approaches to conceptual design illustrating usage of these tools with examples of projects which have already been or are being implemented. 

Key words: Gazprom Neft, technology strategy, new technologies, asset management, innovative development, production potential, high-tech well, research and development activities, pilot projects, replicating best practices and experience.

The Gazprom Neft JSC focus is proactive search, fast customization and effective deployment of those technologies, which are the priority in order to reach the strategic 2025 goals.

Key words: systematic approach, exploration, new technologies, standards, functional model, risks and uncertainties, competences.

The article considers a systematic basis to ensure technological process of exploration process - hydrocarbon volume calculation, identification and analysis of risks and uncertainties by the example of Gazprom Neft JSC. This framework includes new technologies, adapting best practices the industry, as well as the implementation of methodological support.

Key words: efficiency, optimization, cross-functional team, scenario, infrastructure.

This article describes the approach of Gazprom Neft to increase the efficiency of mature fields, and what impact a well-formed cross-functional team will have on the end result. Also the procedure of comprehensive, integrated asset assessment and its impact on informed decisions is described in this article.

N.Y.: John Wiley and Sons, 2003. 

Key words: cost estimation, cost engineering, cost model.

In this article represented a route to create tools for improvement CAPEX estimation accuracy on early project stages and effect of estimation accuracy to project realization during concept field design.

Key words: knowledge management, knowledge distribution, technical solutions library, innovative resources, competence centers, best practices, lessons learned, advanced and new technologies.

In order to sustain the company’s competitive advantages in the long term perspective, Gazprom Neft pays much attention to create a proper set of processes connected with accumulation, maintenance and distribution of knowledge across the company’s structure, as well as best practices and experiences reproduction among all the employees involved into the Upstream division of Gazprom Neft. As part of the company’s overall strategy, together with the process of transition from the Smart Buyer concept to that of the Rapidly Reacting Follower, Upstream division initiated the project of development and implementation of a corporate Knowledge Management System. Particularly, its functional goal was determined based on the analysis of knowledge management best practices in the world’s leading petroleum companies. This approach was used while developing resembling system inside Gazprom Neft R&D branch. This article also contains description of the web page that provides information on the Knowledge Management System, its current state and development perspectives.

Key words: land seismic, single receivers, wideband signal, high-productivity vibroseis.

The paper reviews the results of pilot studying analysis in Eastern Siberia. The purpose was to test modern approaches to the definition of sweep generation and registration parameters and confirmation of selected parameters. Pilot studying included the following steps: 1) testing of high-productivity techniques such as Flip-flop and Slip-sweep method; 2) testing of sweep parameters with a focus on the low frequencies; 3) diversity stack productivity estimation; 4) analysis of the influence on the quality of the data type receivers and their geometry.

Key words: East Siberia, 3D seismic survey, high- density electro prospecting survey, trapps, terrigenous Vendian deposits, carbonate lower Cambrian deposits, reservoir forecast

A case study of simultaneous accomplishments of the vibroseis 3D seismic survey and the high-density electro prospecting TEM survey, processing «connect-points», is presented at the results of the common interpretation. The data pertain to one of Gazpromneft-Angara LLC license blocks in Eastern Siberia.  

Key words: seismic sample, seismic facies analysis, deep-water fan, effectiveness.

The authors considered the possibilities to create the seismic samples library of lithological traps. Main approach used in this study is seismic facies analysis. Seismic facies analysis allows to research geological environment in detail. The expression ‘seismic imaging’ fits this approach the most. Seismic samples of lithological traps help to predict the local objects and increase the researches effectiveness.

Key words: lithotypes, TOC, reservoir rocks, bazhenov formation, Palyanovskaya area, Western Siberia

This paper is based on the results of lithological and geochemical core analysis. Obtained parameters allow to make detailed characterization of the Palyanovskaya area Bazhenov formation and to distinguish significant intervals containing reservoir rocks with mobile oil.

Key words: high tech wells, drilling operations support, increase in efficiency, proactivity, multidisciplinary teams.

The strategy of Gazprom Neft group in the field of hydrocarbons exploration and production in modern conditions is based on the significant influence of new technologies. The more complex technologies are applied, the more opportunities arise for the oil companies in order to reach maximum and cost-effective reserves recovery. Horizontal and multilateral wells with complex completions or multistage fracturing are proper examples of such technologies. At the same time, the construction of high-tech wells requires to devote considerable attention to the data gathering and its processing, risk assessment and effectiveness of multidisciplinary activities. This paper reveals some Gazprom Neft practices in the processes of complex well design and their implementation. Some further challenges to be faced are also stated in the article.

pp. 394–401. 

Key words: optimal well pattern selection, multiobjective optimization, conceptual oilfield development, models hierarchy.

The paper describes an approach to selection of horizontal well placement. Given a field dynamic model we use advanced optimization techniques to sel ect horizontal well length, well placement, well control that improve the field economics and increase field recoveries. In order to deal with well-known problems of using optimization algorithms for field development as big number of variables and computational complexity of hydrodynamic simulation we propose multi-layer approach. First, we use chain of simulators and dynamic models (fr om analytic models to fine-scale hydrodynamic model). Second, we decompose optimal well placement and control task of high dimension into a number of optimization problems of lower dimension: selection of optimal well pattern, local well placement optimization, selection of well control. Thus we reduce number of complicated model runs. The proposed approach was implemented for FDP optimization of a Gazprom Neft JSC greenfield.

Key words: geological modelling, geostatistics, data analysis and interpolation, spectral theory.

This paper considers the problem occurring during geological modelling of the oil field – the problem of well data interpolation between the wells, also their extrapolation to the unexplored areas of the field and further reconstruction of the rock properties of the reservoir. The article describes a new method for analysis and modelling of the reservoir properties based on the spectral theory. Several parameters are presented, which allow to identify specific facial zones of the field using the geophysical well data, as well as the method to reconstruct logging data and then the properties of the reservoir.

Key words: gas-oil ratio (GOR), PVT correlation, composition model.

This paper attempts to provide engineer with GOR-PVT correlation selection rules. Results provided as GOR-PVT correlation Maps of Applicability and procedure of calculation GOR by selected PVT correlation. The procedure was checked during PVT study of 77 oil fields.

Key words: major projects, stages of major projects, conceptual design.

This article considers efficiency evaluation instruments for the projects dealing with integrated development of new assets. It represents description of the approaches Gazprom Neft JSC uses to accomplish conceptual design of major projects realization at different stages. The article also covers general requirements concerning the scope of related activities and the order they follow during the conceptual project engineering of field development. 

Key words: Integrated conceptual design, complex approach to reservoir engineering, capital cost optimization, cost engineering.

The main objective of conceptual design is to determine the optimal ratio of capital investments in drilling and completion the oilfield and the potential result of these investments. This article describes the creation of an automated system which will be capable of solve optimization problems in the interconnection of reservoir, wells, surface facilities (determination of the optimal profile of oil production, the optimization of technical solutions for the construction of wells and infrastructure, etc.); use the cost-engineering tools; automate iterative approach.

Key words: power, energy, cogeneration, gas turbine, hydrocarbons, organic cycle.

The article presents the ways of optimization of the equipment and technologies at the gas energy objects of Gazprom Neft using a low-boiling working fluids (pentane, butane), and the results of computational studies. Using heat of exhaust gases of gas turbine plants is considered in the circuit with a low-boiling working media with the production of additional electricity, which allows increasing the efficiency of the plant by 10-20 %. The problem of increasing caloric fuel gas and as a consequence of the decrease in consumption in the gas turbine installation is discussed.

Key words: digital information systems, geotechnical jobs

In 2014 JSC Gazprom Neft JSC has launched the project on creation of digital information systems aimed at optimization of complex geotechnical jobs programs formation process. Development of digital systems allows propelling this process to the next qualitative level with the following results: 1) run calculations for candidate well selection for geotechnical jobs in the shared system, promptly estimate production potential of these jobs, and, according to the results, timely form the geotechnical jobs programs at full efficiency;2) accumulate in the shared system all processes of geotechnical jobs approval in the Company, provide downloading and storage of accompanying information for wells, maintain a database of approved/disapproved geotechnical jobs, form complex geotechnical jobs programs. The Company considers the implementation of digital information systems as an approach to build successful business-process for complex geotechnical jobs programs formation.

Key words: Western Siberia, hard-to-recover reserves, the rate of decline of oil production.

The necessity of involvement in the production of additional reserves, that are not covered previously, is marked. The distribution of Western Siberia oil fields by the degree of development is given. The retrospective of involvement in the development of the objects with hard-to-recover oil reserves in the territory of Western Siberian oil-and-gas province is considered.

Key words: non-structural traps, erosion-accumulative processes, paleochannel, sandstones, Early Carboniferous.

The problems of hydrocarbon raw stock resource base build-up in the old oil-producing regions are solved largely due to oil deposits in non-structural traps. A special role in reducing the oil production decline rate and efficient development of new fields, including ones with hard-to-recover oil reserves, is belonged to traps , the formation of which is due to erosion-accumulative processes. An important problem at exploration works carrying out in the areas of development of sleeve-like sand bodies is on-time detection leading to their formation processes, which indication is possible by a number of features, including morphological ones. High capacitive - filtration properties of the Early Carboniferous thickness, filling paleochannels, caused increased productivity of wells intersected them, and features of its structure caused a natural water drive reservoirs. This causes change of the development system and selection wells operation technology fitted the features of production facilities adequately.

Key words: Domanic sediments, dispersed organic matter, bitumens, informative geochemical parameters, complex probabilistic criteria, prognostic evaluation of generation, territory oil-and-gas developing intensity zoning.

Assessment of the generation features of specific sediments of Sargaevskiy, Semiluki, Mendymskiy horizons and Upper Frasnian substage, marked out as Domanic, is carried out on basis of the statistical analysis of geochemical markers. Comprehensive probabilistic criterion, controlling the presence of migration-capable bitumens in the domanic type stratum and separated horizons, is substantiated with the help of the executed analysis. Regional scheme of epi-bitumens development sites distribution is constructed and regional perspectives of Perm region territory are substantiated.

Key words: reservoir properties, geophysical logging, geophysical methods, reservoir.

The article is devoted to a topical problem of justifying methods of well logging data interpretation at small sectors of deposits in specific geological conditions in the absence or limited provision with core samples. This technique can reliably estimate reservoir properties and oil saturation of reservoir rocks in wells needed to perform geological and hydrodynamic modeling in Republic of Bashkortostan.

Key words: electromagnetic logging while drilling, gas-oil-saturated reservoir, deviated and horizontal well, electrical resistivity, inversion.

New Russian logging-while-drilling equipment for investigating deviated and horizontal boreholes has been developed. It consists of electromagnetic, gamma-ray and inclinometer modules. The technical features of the equipment, as well as its laboratory testing results and practical log data are considered in the paper. Along with that, we have developed the basic algorithms and software for the electromagnetic signals numerical simulation and inversion. Its testing demonstrates promising results when determining resistivity and boundaries location for the layers that are within the sondes sensitivity area. We provide an example of the inversion results for the signals measured in a three-meter water-oil saturated sand-shale reservoir penetrated by a horizontal wellbore.

Key words: wettability, capillary pressure, centrifuge, drainage, imbibition, pore distribution, saturation, core.

The article describes a new experimental method for determining the oil and water distribution in the pore space of core samples. The authors present a comparison of processes of drainage and capillary imbibition. Evaluation of existing methodologies is provided. The method and device of modern ultracentrifuge is described.

Key words: reservoir management, well test monitoring management, oil production decline rate, geophysical surveys quality control, oil production rates change.

Maintenance of oil production level or decrease of its decline rate at modern stage of Tomskneft VNK JSC fields development requires an application of several organizational and methodical approaches to reservoir management. Recovery factor and decline rates achievement, well intervention effectiveness is considered to be the main reservoir management tasks that may be solved with determination of ‘well – reservoir’ system parameters.

Key words: technology, import substitution, bottom-hole zone treatment, well stimulation, technology effectiveness, economic benefits.

For the last decade, the research efforts of TatNIPIneft Institute have been aimed at the feasibility of designing of new EOR methods, compositions of completion fluids, and novel technologies for controlled physicochemical stimulation, considering optimization of expenses associated with import substitution. Pilot projects yielded encouraging results though differing in effectiveness in terms of both technology and economics. These differences can be accounted for diversity of technological options, variety of geological and operation environment, and risks inherent to all experimental and pilot projects.

Key words: mobile well test and completion unit, automatic well stream measurement, gathering, treatment, transportation of oil and formation water.

Mobile well test and completion unit can operate as process development unit for oil treatment and is integrated in to process lines of oil and gas treatment plants and preliminary water knockout plants/ Existing permits and licenses for well test and completion unit allows operation according to lie-in and pilot operating project designs at early stages of oil field development. Proposed solution helps to reduce investments at stages of oilfield drilling (exploratory and development) and initial stage of oilfield operation, as well as partially recover investments due to sale of products.

Key words: electrical submersible pump (ESP), erosive wear of ESP, simulation, degradation of ESP characteristics, sand production and proppant flowback.

An acceleration of oil production creates significant challenges for electrical submersible pumps. The main challenges for the pumps in high drawdown applications are accelerated pump wear and early failures caused by sand production and proppant flowback. Therefore, sand control considerations are very important for effective production acceleration of artificially lifted wells. Furthermore, an effective decision making on lifting and sand control technologies requires accurate models for pump runlife estimation and pump head & efficiency degradation due to sand production. This paper presents a new dynamic model for the pump head & efficiency estimation under long-term erosion conditions. The model allows to take into account the pump wear estimation during artificial lift selection and thus it enables pumps runlife improvement and operating costs reduction.

Key words: cold paraffin-base crude oil, flow rate gradient, effective oil viscosity

The article covers the reasons of inadvertent shutdown of pipeline Northern Light transported cold paraffin-base crude oil from the North-Khosedayuzskoye field and describes this process.

Key words: dynamic hydrocyclone, centrifugal separator, separation oil-water emulsion, numerical simulation.

Regarding current increase of well production water cut level, the great attention is paid nowadays to the problem of treating produced oily water used for injection into wells. To improve the efficiency of oily water treatment, a centrifugal separator with vane impellers is introduced. This research aims at investigation of the machine geometric parameters and operation characteristics, such as dimensions of the discharge conduits and distribution of treated medium flow rate between the discharge conduits for separation of oil-in-water emulsion inside of the disassembled centrifugal separator. The research brought the detailed study of tangential fluid velocity field inside of the engineered centrifugal separator, which allowed defining general picture of this velocity distribution inside the machine cavity and getting precise dependency between distribution of tangential velocity over the centrifugal separator length and radius, as well as dependencies of the total flow rate between the discharge conduits of the centrifugal separator.

Key words: replication of DCS/SCADA, operating object control, typical technological complex, Gellish templates, heat and power objects, boiler plants.

The article reveals the theme of practical usage of Gellish templates in the DCS/SCADA, built on an OKO software. It describes the process of creating OKO objects using templates, for example, describing of heat and power objects – boiler plants. Matching the description of the technological complex structure in OKO systems with Gellish templates allows, firstly, reducing the time of describing its structure during the replication similar objects of DCS/SCADA; second, to pre- and redefine the technological complex structure in automatic mode and reduce the effect of the «human factor» in the process of replication of DCS/SCADA; third, to provide a holistic and qualitative description of the objects structure due to using templates that are legitimate across the entire enterprise.

Key words: geological environment, hydrocarbon pollution, geo-ecological, geophysical and engineering-geological studies.

The aim of the study was to determine the level of geological environment contamination as a result of long-term use of an oil field in the Perm Region, which is located in complex geological conditions. During the study areal electrical exploration was carried out with the help of the vertical electrical sounding (VES) method, 15 geotechnical boreholes were drilled and geo-environmental soil testing was carried layer by layer. Interpretation of geophysical data revealed the presence of hydrocarbon and chloride components in soils and karst rock mass. The researchers have found petropollutted grotto and the water source exit with traces of oil, they mark their association with the locations of oil wells. Most likely sources of oil pollution of the geological environment are oil wells. Thus, in the mining and geological conditions, due to the development of karst processes, long-term operation of the oil field in the presence of incidents and emergencies leads to the formation of hydrocarbon contamination in the subsurface with the subsequent distribution into ground- and surface water.

Key words: basin approach, human impact, integral assessment, 3D analysis, geo-information systems, environment, use of natural resources.

The article demonstrates efficiency of basin approach to environmental area assessment based on Tatneft’s experience. Basin approach when used in combination with 3D geo-information analysis techniques enables to evaluate human impact on the environment, extent of landscape disturbance as well as impact of particular industries.