The causes of deterioration of productive layers reservoir characteristics while drilling in are considered. Special attention is paid to the study of the rheological properties of the emulsion of drilling mud filtrate - oil type. On the example of oil from Bugruvativskoye and Mylkivskoye fields, it is shown that, depending on the composition and concentration of the filtrate emulsions non-Newtonian properties may be shown and rheological parameters are high for certain values of concentrations. Optimal additions of surfactants to the drilling mud aimed at improvement of surface characteristics on the interphase boundary filtrate-oil significantly decrease viscosity properties of emulsions. The obtained results allow us to define the mechanism of decreasing of reservoir characteristics of productive layers as a result of drilling mud filtrate penetration and lay down new requirements to technologies, composition and properties of drilling muds for productive layers drilling in.
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