The article examines the use of CO₂ foam injection technology as a promising and innovative approach to enhancing oil recovery. It provides a detailed analysis of the underlying mechanisms, the advantages of this method, and the key parameters influencing its performance. By generating a foam composition with the aid of foaming agents, the mobility of carbon dioxide is reduced, resulting in more uniform sweep efficiency and prevention of premature CO₂ breakthrough. Ultimately, this leads to more effective extraction of residual oil from the reservoir’s pore space. The authors pay particular attention to the factors determining the overall effectiveness of the process: foam stability, concentration of surfactants, reservoir permeability, temperature and pressure conditions, and the mineralization level of formation water. Pilot projects at the Salt Creek oil field (USA) and the Orenburg oil field (Russia) demonstrate cases of increased oil recovery and economic feasibility of this technique. The ecological aspect is also highlighted: CO₂ foam injection technology enables to capture and reuse carbon dioxide, thereby reducing the carbon footprint in the oil and gas sector. Future research directions focus on improving foam stability, optimizing the selection of foaming agents, and refining the modeling of the injection process. Thus, the use of CO₂ foam can be considered an environmentally sound and cost-effective technology capable of significantly increasing oil recovery and playing a vital role in developing fields with hard-to-recover reserves.
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