The search for solutions for the development of the Russian economy in the conditions of the crisis consequences of the sanctions pressure of Western countries is impossible without a historical analysis of the Soviet experience of the development of industrial potential. Generalization of the most effective management practices of Soviet enterprises can serve as a basis for choosing the most popular ways of industrial development in the conditions of economic crisis. The Soviet innovation system is characterized by a high level of organizational and material capabilities, which made it possible to concentrate significant scientific, technical and intellectual resources in priority areas in a short time.
The article considers the issues of the general strategy of progressive and competitive development of the country's economy, both taking into account the need to maintain mutually beneficial trade relations with foreign countries, and the policy of import substitution aimed at timely identification (prevention) of potential threats and ensuring technological sovereignty. The authors substantiates the thesis about the significant impact of foreign policy processes on import substitution, the priority nature of anti-crisis measures; it is concluded that the study of the experience of technical (industrial) development involves a detailed consideration of domestic characteristics, various subjective factors, as well as the factor of historical randomness. The key factor in the industrial development of the USSR were: long-term and purposeful activity of party and state bodies, the use of administrative and command management methods, state planning and financing of the scientific and technical complex. The features and positive features of the Soviet innovation system are highlighted. The characteristic of the organizational and material capabilities of the state to concentrate significant scientific, technical and intellectual resources in priority areas in a fairly short time is given. The implementation of specific import substitution measures varies for different industries and is determined by the level of technological development of the industry, the state of sales markets, the nature of intersectoral cooperation, as well as the specifics of the territorial location of production.
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