The paper analyzes and reviews the equipment used for dispersing and homogenizing the solid phase of drilling flushing and process fluids. It is effective to use in these processes the phenomenon of cavitation, as an intensifying factor for bringing the prepared solution to the condition, due to the destructive effects occurring in multiphase flows due to numerous microscopic water shocks - pressure surges, accompanied by the formation of shock waves and microjets of high intensity in the liquid. To implement these effects in the prepared solution, cavitation dispersers, NKD (mixers – diffuser) and NKD2 (slot) were developed. Analytical and numerical methods revealed the main regularities of the generation of cavitation in the flowing parts of the dispersants. Numerical simulation of the flow of multiphase flows by the finite element method was carried out on the Star-CCM + platform (Siemens PLM Software). The beginning of the initiation of cavitation occurs at an inlet overpressure of 0.05-0.08 MPa; at a value of 0.2-0.3 MPa, developed cavitation occurs, and the vapor-gas cavities fill the entire space of the diffuser or sheared nozzle. Full-scale samples of NKD and NKD2 were introduced into the activities of a service company that provides comprehensive services for the preparation of drilling fluids and process fluids for the construction and overhaul of wells at gas and oil fields in the Krasnodar Territory. Tests have shown that cavitation dispersants increase the speed of preparation and conditioning of clay suspensions by several times in comparison with standard mixing systems with stirrers. Time spent on mud preparation reduced to 12 h. The article also presents other results of experimental industrial tests of equipment. The obtained economic effects are confirmed by the acts of implementation.
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