Theoretical and experimental investigations of the effect of temperature on the rate of turbulent flow of hydrocarbon fluids with polymer additives are conducted. The relevance of such studies is due to the fact that anti-turbulent additives for oil pumping through pipelines are used now in parts of the world with hot or moderate climate. Hence, the actual problem is the theoretical and experimental justification for the use of such additives in zones with low average yearly temperatures, for example, in the Arctic. It is found out that a decrease in the flow temperature favorably affects the technological effectiveness of anti-turbulent additives increasing the economic feasibility of their use in northern regions.
The foreign-manufactured Baker, Necadd, X-Pand, and Liquid Power and home-manufactured esm-68 drug reducing colloidal additives are tested to compare their efficiencies. A comparative testing of efficiencies is performed using a turborheometer. The highest hydrodynamic efficiency in a wide temperature range is exhibited by the Baker additive, which is not significantly better than the Russian esm-68 additive. The experiments have shown that the optimum concentration of additives providing the maximum drag reduction effect when passing from the region of positive temperatures to that of negative is reduced by roughly half. The results obtained indicate the promising applications of anti-turbulent additives in the Arctic zone.
References
1. Aliev R.A., Belousov V.D., Nemudrov A.G. et al., Truboprovodnyy transport nefti gaza (Pipeline transport of oil and gas), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1988, 368 p.
2. Galeev V.B., Khramenko V.I., Soshchenko E.M., Matskin L.A., Ekspluatatsiya magistral'nykh nefteproduktoprovodov (Operation of main oil product pipelines), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1973, 360 p.
3. Gareev M.M., Lisin Yu.V., Manzhay V.N., Shammazov A.M., Protivoturbulentnye prisadki dlya snizheniya gidravlicheskogo soprotivleniya truboprovodov (Antiturbulent additives to reduce the hydraulic resistance of pipelines), St. Petersburg: Nedra Publ., 2013, 228 p.
4. Belousov Yu.P., Protivoturbulentnye prisadki dlya uglevodorodnykh zhidkostey (Antiturbulent additives for hydrocarbon liquids), Novosibirsk: Nauka Publ., 1986, 144 p.
5. Toms B.A., Some observations of the flow of linear polymer solution through straight tubes at large Reynolds numbers, Proceeding of International Congress on Rheology, Amsterdam, 1949, V. 2, pp. 135–141.
7. Manzhay V.N., Ilyushnikov A.V., Gareev M.M. et al., Laboratory research and industrial testing of a polymer additive to reduce energy consumption in main pipelines (In Russ.), Inzhenerno-fizicheskiy zhurnal, 1993, V. 65, pp. 515–517.
8. Nesyn G.V., Manzhay V.N., Popov E.A. et al., Experiment to reduce hydrodynamic resistance on the main pipeline Tikhoretsk-Novorossiysk (In Russ.), Truboprovodnyy transport, 1993, no. 4, pp. 28–30.
9. Manzhai V.N., Nasibulina Y.R., Kuchevskaya A.S., Filimoshkin A.G., Physico-chemical concept of drag reduction nature in dilute polymer solutions (the Toms effect), Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, 2014, no. 80, pp. 38–42.
10. Vinogradov G.V., Malkin A.Ya., Reologiya polimerov (Rheology of polymers), Moscow: Khimiya Publ., 1977, 438 p.
11. Nesyn G.V., Manzhay V.N., Suleymanova Yu.V. et al., Polymer drag-reducing agents for transportation of hydrocarbon liquids: Mechanism of action, estimation of efficiency, and features of production (In Russ.), Vysokomolekulyarnye soedineniya = Polymer Science. Series A, 2012, V. 54, no. 1, pp. 65–72.
12. Smoll S.R., Additives that reduce flow resistance in pipelines (In Russ.), Neft', gaz i neftekhimiya za rubezhom, 1983, no. 6, pp. 58–60.
13. Mut Ch., Monakhen M., Peseto L., The use of special additives to reduce the cost of operating pipelines (In Russ.), Neft', gaz i neftekhimiya za rubezhom, 1986, no. 7, pp. 60–62.
14. Konovalov K.B.,
