The article demonstrates the main problems and challenges of oil and gas prospecting in the lower Devonian deposits in the East edge of the Khoreyver depression of the Timan-Pechora basin. Retrospective review of geological study of the lower Devonian deposits within the Central Khoreyver uplift was performed and the currents tasks of planning additional exploration were analyzed. The article outlines the uncertainties of the geological and geophysical seismic and well-log data interpretation under the conditions of constraints number of non-uniform distributed prospecting wells over the work area: ambiguous reflecting horizons interpretation due to high-frequency components attenuation with depth and the appearance of interference effects; complex structure model of erosional truncation (pre-Frasnian) with the presence of Timanian valleys and the influence of Frasnian bioherms; uncertainties in the reservoir properties forecast with the secondary porosity due to the variability of porosity cutoff value and the complexity of their identification using well logs; lack of contrast in the acoustic impedance values linked with well logs ambiguity interpretation leads to uncertainties in the reservoir properties forecast based on seismic data. Geological uncertainties are presented and the future exploration risks for the lower Devonian deposits are assessed. The main need to increase the volumes of actual drilling and core material is noted as a key factor in increasing the reliability of traps prospecting in Lower Devonian deposits.

References

1. Martynov A.V., Shamsutdinova L.L., Raschlenenie i korrelyatsiya raznofatsial’nykh razrezov ovinparmskogo gorizonta nizhnego devona Timano-Pechorskoy provintsii v svyazi s ego neftegazonosnost’yu (Dissection and correlation of different facies sections of the Ovinparm horizon of the Lower Devonian of the Timan-Pechora province in connection with its oil and gas potential), St. Petersburg: Publ. of VNIGRI, 1999.

2. Sobolev N.N., Evdokimova I.O., Obshchaya stratigraficheskaya shkala devonskoy sistemy: sostoyanie i problemy (General stratigraphic scale of the Devonian system: Status and problems), Proceedings of All-Russian Conference “Obshchaya stratigraficheskaya shkala Rossii: sostoyanie i perspektivy obustroystva” (General stratigraphic scale of Russia: Status and development prospects), Moscow: Publ. of Geological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2013, pp. 139– 148.

3. Belemets A.G., Kevorkov F.B., Shakhov P.A., Desyatnikova A.E., Glubinnaya anizotropnaya obrabotka materialov seysmorazvedochnykh rabot MOGT 3D i kompleksnaya interpretatsiya s uchetom dannykh GIS s tsel’yu otsenki perspektiv neftegazonosnosti ordovik – nizhnedevonskikh otlozheniy na Visovom mestorozhdenii TsKhP blok № 2 (Deep anisotropic processing of 3D seismic exploration data and complex interpretation taking into account well logging data in order to assess the oil and gas potential of the Ordovician - Lower Devonian deposits at the Visovoye field, TsKhP, block No. 2), Moscow: Publ. of Petrotreys, 2017.

4. Zhemchugova V.A., Maslova E.E., Secondary dolomitization as a factor responsible for the reservoir properties of the Lower Devonian sedimentary rocks of the Eastern Wall of the Khoreiver depression (Timan–Pechora petroleum basin) (In Russ.), Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta = Moscow University Geology Bulletin, 2020,

no. 3, pp. 47–56.

5. Yur’eva Z.P., Nizhnedevonskie otlozheniya severo-vostoka evropeyskoy chasti Rossii (stratigrafiya, korrelyatsiya) (Lower Devonian deposits of the north-east of the European part of Russia (stratigraphy, correlation)), Syktyvkar: Publ. of Institute of Geology FRC Komi SC UB RAS, 2020, 164 p.

6. Nikonov N.I., Bogatskiy V.I., Martynov A.V. et al., Timano-Pechorskiy sedimentatsionnyy basseyn. Atlas geologicheskikh kart (litologo-fatsial’nykh, strukturnykh i paleontologicheskikh) (Timano-Pechora sedimentary basin. Atlas of geological maps (lithologic-facies, structural and paleontological)), Ukhta, 2000, 152 p.

7. Teplov E.L., P.K. Kostygova, Larionova Z.V. et al., Prirodnye rezervuary neftegazonosnykh kompleksov Timano-Pechorskoy provintsii (Natural reservoirs of oil and gas bearing complexes of the Timan-Pechora province), St. Petersburg, Renome Publ., 2011, 286 p.

8. Zhemchugova V.A., Maslova E.E., Facies control of the reservoir distribution in lower Devonian deposits at the eastern edge of the Khoreiver depression (Timan–Pechora petroliferous basin) (In Russ.), Litologiya i poleznye iskopaemye = Lithology and Mineral Resources, 2022, no. 1, pp. 28–47,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0024497X21060082

The article considers the adaptation of methodological approaches to the application of non-stationary waterflooding to the conditions of a carbonate object of one of the fields of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug of the Arkhangelsk Region. Non-stationary waterflooding is a hydrodynamic method of increasing oil recovery, the advantages of which are simplicity of implementation in a short time, applicability in a wide range of reservoir conditions and high technological efficiency. For the most effective design and implementation of cyclical waterflooding, a target-focused approach is proposed, which includes the following methods: tracer analysis, analysis of well interference by statistical analysis methods and analysis of the reaction of producing wells to stops/starts of injection wells. Based on the proposed target approach, stagnant zones have been identified, and prospective areas have been formed for conducting a waterflooding. Waterflooding at the selected area was carried out in 2023. The technological efficiency of the work program was assessed by an extrapolation method using displacement characteristics. Additional oil production due to non-stationary flooding for the area as a whole as of 01.01.2024 amounted to 4822 tons, or 3 % of the total area production; reduction in associated water withdrawals – 1635 tons. A target-focused approach to selecting an area for non-stationary waterflooding ensures maximum technological development indicators with minimum economic costs.

References

1 Surguchev M.L., Vtorichnye i tretichnye metody uvelicheniya nefteotdachi plastov (Secondary and tertiary methods of enhanced oil recovery), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1985, 308 p.

2. Vladimirov I.V., Nestatsionarnye tekhnologii neftedobychi (Etapy razvitiya, sovremennoe sostoyanie i perspektivy) (Unsteady oil production technology (Stages of development, current state and prospects)), Moscow: Publ. of VNIIOENG, 2004, 216 p.

3. Muslimov R.Kh., Sovremennye metody povysheniya nefteizvlecheniya: proektirovanie, optimizatsiya i otsenka effektivnosti (Modern methods of enhanced oil recovery: the design, optimization and assessment of efficiency), Kazan’: Fen Publ., 2005, 688 p.

4. Kryanev D.Yu., Nestatsionarnoe zavodnenie. Metodika kriterial’noy otsenki vybora uchastkov vozdeystviya (Unsteady flooding. Methods of criteria estimation of exposure site selection), Moscow: Publ. of VNIIneft’, 2008, 208 p.

5. Toropchin O.P., Tupitsin A.M., Sagitov D.K. et al., A method of quick selection of a control area before applying non-stationary water-flooding technology (in Russ.), Geologiya, geofizika i razrabotka neftyanykh i gazovykh mestorozhdeniy, 2016, no. 9, pp. 45–50

6. Chertenkov M.V, Mamedov E.A., Khain I.V., The results of pilot test of cyclic water-flooding in terrigene and carbonate reservoirs (In Russ.), Neftepromyslovoe delo, 2019, no. 2, pp. 5–11, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30713/0207-2351-2019-2-5-12

7. Rodionov S.P., Pichugin O.N., Kosyakov V.P., Shirshov Ya.V., On the selection of oil fields areas for the effective use of cyclic waterflooding (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2019, no. 4, pp. 58–61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-4-58-61

8. Rayanov R.R., Baykova E.N., Petrakov A.M. et al., Sistemnaya tekhnologiya kak vazhnyy element ratsional’noy razrabotki neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy (Systems technology as a critical element for smart oil field development), Proceedings of International scientific and practical conference “Innovatsionnye resheniya v geologii i razrabotke TRIZ” (Innovative solutions in geology and development of hard-to-recover oil reserves), Moscow, 16–18 November 2021, Moscow: Neftyanoe khozyaystvo Publ., 2021, pp. 32-33.

9. Rayanov R.R., Petrakov A.M., Baykova E.N., Chukavina A.V., Avtomatizirovannyy podbor i kontrol’ geologo-tekhnicheskikh meropriyatiy i metodov povysheniya nefteotdachi (Automated selection and control of geological and technical measures and methods for increasing oil recovery), Proceedings of III International scientific and practical conference of LUKOIL-Engineering LLC, 2021, pp. 276–283.

10. Petrakov A.M., Zhdanov S.A., Rayanov R.R. et al., Increasing the profitability of field operation based on optimization of technical and economic indicators (In Russ.), PROneft’. Professional’no o nefti, 2023, no. 1, pp. 89–97, DOI: https://doi.org/10.51890/2587-7399-2023-8-1-89-97

11. Kharchenko M.A., Korrelyatsionnyy analiz (Correlation analysis), Voronezh: Publ. of VSU, 2008, 31 p.

12. Lyalin V.E., Sidel’nikov K.A., The concept of mathematical modeling of reservoir systems based on the streamline method (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2005,

Dragon and White Tiger fields are currently at the production decline stage, along with the increased water-cut of well products and reduced reservoir pressure. High water-cut increases the density of gas-liquid mixture in the tubing leading to a compressed gaslift slippage following the increased bottomhole pressure, reduced production rate, increased specific consumption of gaslift gas per fluid production from the well. Declined oil production results in reduced production of associated oil gas, while the gaslift gas demand increases with the rising load on compressed gas injection pipelines. Electrical submersible pump (ESP) production method may be considered as the promising one, which ensures the required production rates and high efficiency under the high water-cut conditions. Vietsovpetro’s experience in operating the ESPs starts from 1991. Effective implementation of ESP requires thorough selection of equipment for the specific geophysical properties of wells, consideration of logistics and infrastructure peculiarities and limitations, especially offshore. The article covers the experience of the first ESP usage in Vietsovpetro JV and the following gap analysis, changes to well selection approach and search for the required surface and subsea ESP electric equipment for a stable and long-term operation, which ensures the scheduled time between failures, as well as defines the promising ways to enhance the efficiency of this production method in the conditions of offshore fields development.

References

1. Garbovskiy V.V., Stanovlenie i razvitie gazliftnogo sposoba dobychi nefti (na primere mestorozhdeniy SP “V’etsovpetro”) (Formation and development of gas lift method of oil production (using the example of Vietsovpetro JV fields)): thesis of candidate of technical science, Ufa, 2019.

2. Ivanov A.N., Bondarenko V.A., Veliev M.M. et al., Test and application of electrical submersible pump units at White Tiger field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2019, no. 10, pp. 82–86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-10-82-86

3. Khan J.A., Zainal A.Z., Idris K.N. et al., Sand screen selection by sand retention test: a review of factors affecting sand control design, Journal of Petroleum Exploration and Production Technology, 2024, V. 14(7), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-024-01803-w

The heterogeneity and anisotropy of the void space of reservoir rocks is an extremely important factor in interpreting data obtained from core material. This is especially true for carbonate reservoirs characterized by significant heterogeneity which is associated with the peculiarities of their genesis. This paper presents the results of numerical simulation of two-phase flows in a three-dimensional binary model of carbonate reservoir void space obtained by using high-resolution X-ray computed tomography. Lattice Boltzmann equations are used to simulate two-phase flows; interface phenomena and wetting effects are described using the color-field gradient method. The calculations were performed at the same injection rate and the same properties of immiscible fluids. A special feature of this work is the study of the displacement coefficient index for the void space model in different fluid filtration directions. The results obtained show that the inhomogeneous topology of the void space has a significant effect on the two-phase filtration process. The values of the displacement coefficient can differ by more than 1,5 times, even when filtering along the same axis but in different directions. The study shows the importance of selecting location for the drilling out of core and filtration direction for petrophysical experiments and their further interpretation.

References

1. Zakirov T.R., Galeev A.A., Khramchenkov M.G., Pore-scale investigation of two-phase flows in three-dimensional digital models of natural sandstones, Fluid Dynamics, 2018, V. 53 (5), pp. 76-91, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0015462818050087

2. Haibo Huang, Jun-Jie Huang, Xi-Yun Lu, Study of immiscible displacements in porous media using a color-gradient-based multiphase lattice Boltzmann method, Computers & Fluids, 2014, V. 93, pp. 164–172, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compfluid.2014.01.025

3. Leclaire S., Reggio M., Trepanier J.-Y., Numerical evaluation of two recoloring operators for an immiscible two-phase flow lattice Boltzmann model, Applied Mathematical Modelling, 2012, V. 36 (5), pp. 2237-225, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apm.2011.08.027

4. Zakirov T.R., Khramchenkov M.G., Prediction of permeability and tortuosity in heterogeneous porous media using a disorder parameter, Chemical Engineering Science, 2020, V. 227, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2020.115893

5. Leclaire S., Parmigiani A., Malaspinas O. et al., Generalized three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann color-gradient method for immiscible two-phase pore-scale imbibition and drainage in porous media, Physical Review, 2017, V. 95, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.95.033306 033306

The White Tiger field is at the declining oil production stage, so the main focus of the development analysis is on maintaining the current production decline rates and improving the efficiency of oil reserves development. Comprehensive programs of geological and technological operations are being implemented, such as new wells drilling, sidetracking, transfer of wells to overlying horizons, hydraulic fracturing of terrigenous formations, expansion of the use of electric submersible pumps, application of enhanced oil recovery methods. With the increasing challenges of maintaining Vietsovpetro JV production levels, management and specialists are focusing on optimizing labor costs, in particular the process of automating the history matching of simulation models. An important advantage of the PEXEL software is the possibility of use by a wide range of specialists. The specialist's task is reduced to selecting the parameters to be modified, determining the acceptable range of their variation and setting the permissible error of matching; all the rest is performed automatically. Algorithms implemented in PEXEL software enable to reduce the time for history matching simulation models. This is especially important for large models (from 1 million cells), with a large number of wells (20 and more) and a long development period (from 10 years), as labor inputs for routine operations are significantly reduced. For small models (up to 500 thousand cells), objects with a small number of wells (up to 10) and a short development period (up to 5 years), due to the relative low complexity of history matching, labor cost savings can reach 70-80 %.

References

1. Ivanov A.N., Lubnin A.A., Dao Nguyen Hung et al., Improvement of development efficiency for the mature offshore field by the example of White Tiger Lower Miocene deposits (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 5, pp. 105–109, DOI: https://www.doi.org/ 10.24887/0028-2448-2024-5-105-109

2. Syrtlanov V.R., On some issues of adaptation of hydrodynamic models of hydrocarbon deposits (In Russ.), Vestnik TsKR Rosnedra, 2009, no. 2, pp. 81-90.

3. Syrtlanov V.R., Golovatskiy Yu.A., Ishimov I.N., Mezhnova N.I., Assisted history matching for reservoir simulation model (In Russ.), SPE-196878-RU, 2019,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/196878-MS

4. Syrtlanov V.R., Denisova N.I., Khismatullina F.S., Some aspects of reservoir modelling of large fields for field development planning and monitoring (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2007, no. 5, pp. 70-74.

5. Khismatullina F.S., Syrtlanov V.R., Syrtlanova V.S., Dubrovin A.V., Some aspects of a technique of adaptation of hydrodynamic models of non-uniform oil strata

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2005, no. 1, pp. 47-51.

6. Certificate on state registration of the computer program no. 2018661844. PEXEL (Peksel) - a program for creating and editing grids, properties and wells of geological and hydrodynamic models of oil and gas fields with the ability to dynamically compile and execute code, Author: Aubakirov A.R.

7. Ivanov A.N., Aubakirov A.R., Khismatullina F.S., PEXEL algorithm for automated history matching of relative phase permeabilities (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 4, pp. 60–63, DOI: https://www.doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-4-60-63

8. Ivanov A.N., Khismatullina F.S., Aubakirov A.R., Kurguzkina I.V., The PEXEL algorithm application for automated history matching reservoir simulation mode (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 9, pp. 49-52, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-9-49-52

9. Gavura A.V., Sannikov I.N., Khismatullina F.S., Upravlenie razrabotkoy mestorozhdeniy na osnove modelirovaniya plastovykh protsessov (Field development management based on modeling of reservoir processes), Moscow: Publ. of Gubkin University, 2017, 157 p.

10. Pyatibratov P.V., Gidrodinamicheskoe modelirovanie razrabotki neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy (Hydrodynamic modeling of oil field development), Moscow: Publ. of Gubkin State University, 2015, 167 p.

Given the conditions of production corrosive activity growth on Vietsovpetro fields, a new approach has been implemented to safely operate the subsea pipelines. The main factors have been described, which mostly affect the corrosion processes and reduce the inhibitor protection efficiency of pipeline systems for oil gathering and transportation. To improve an operational lifetime of transport pipeline systems and reduce an incident rate, the «Comprehensive program on pipelines and equipment corrosion protection, inhibitor protection and corrosion monitoring at Vietsovpetro fields» have been developed. The article includes the main results and technical features of pipelines in-line cleaning and inspection on Vietsovpetro offshore facilities, as well as the subsea pipelines operating challenges and ways to resolve those. For initial cleaning of oil pipelines the polyurethane and foamed plastic pistons of various hardness degree have been used. The amount of sediments, obtained from cleaning averages 2,4 t/km. The material composition of the deposits is represented mainly by asphaltene-resin-paraffin components. Water pipelines have been cleaned from corrosion deposits and solids by a large-volume water flushing with a constant monitoring of flush water clarity. Use of elastic gel compositions for cleaning the gas pipelines from water enables not only to dry the pipeline, but also to avoid possible complications related to the complex geometry of the pipelines. For the first time ever, Vietsovpetro has developed and is implementing the comprehensive actions with the long-term perspective to reduce the risks of subsea pipelines failures, while the most works are carried out by the Company.

References

1. Savel’ev V.V., Chernyad’ev I.N., The corrosive activity of water produced from offshore oil fields of Vietsovpetro JV (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2019, no. 1, pp. 54–56, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-1-54-56

2. Savel’ev V.V., Ivanov A.N., Avdeev A.S. et al., Integrated solutions for improving the reliability of Vietsovpetro subsea oil pipelines (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 2, pp. 106–110, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-2-106-110

3. Lepikhin A.M., Makhutov N.A., Leshchenko V.V., Shmal’ G.I., Problems of safety of underwater pipelines (In Russ.), Morskaya nauka i tekhnika, 2022, no. 5,

pp. 32–37.

4. Faritov A.T., Khudyakova L.P., Rozhdestvenskiy Yu.G. et al., Effect of solids precipitation and deposition of corrosion products on the protective ability of inhibitors

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2014, no. 6, pp. 116–121.

5. Strel’nikova K.O., Vagapov R.K., Zapevalov D.N. et al., Determination of protective aftereffect of corrosion inhibitors in presence of aggressive carbon dioxide in gas deposits (In Russ.), Korroziya: materialy, zashchita, 2020, no. 11, pp. 29–37.

6. Savel’ev V.V., Ivanov A.N., Chernyad’ev I.N., The inhibitor protection of gas-lift pipelines in Vietsovpetro JV (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020,

no. 5, pp. 68–71, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-5-68-71

7. Qiuping Ma,Guiyun Tian,Yanli Zeng et al., Pipeline in-line inspection method, instrumentation and data management, Sensors, 2021, V. 21(11),

DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/s21113862

8. Kichenko S.B., Kichenko A.B., On question of evaluation of complex effectiveness for corrosion inhibitors (In Russ.), Praktika protivokorrozionnoy zashchity, 2005,

no. 3, pp. 24–28.

Due to the development goals of technological sovereignty of the Russian Federation, by 2030 the oil and gas industry will be in need of qualified employees with advanced digital skills, willingness to manage high-tech equipment and the ability to quickly deal with challenges, including using artificial intelligence at various production stages. It is important for today's students to learn how to work in conditions of accelerated development of digital technologies and robotics and to analyze big data in order to effectively apply advanced technologies. The Tyumen Petroleum Research Center (TPRC) successfully implements the personnel training for Rosneft Oil Company and the entire industry through high-quality practice-oriented training at specialized departments of TPRC at the Tyumen universities. To ensure the educational process, TPRC provides proven original educational and methodological materials. Specialists and experts in subject areas are involved to lecture in professional disciplines and guide research papers and individual projects of students. This improves the quality of practical training of future specialists and forms their willingness to perform specific production tasks after getting a degree. Participation in the educational process of TPRC within the established specialized departments, high-quality internships in the production departments of the scientific center, the study of domestic high-tech software, and the involvement of leading practicing engineers in the educational process allow to train specialists who will be adjusted to modern professional conditions.

References

1. Manapov T.F., Optimizatsiya i monitoring razrabotki neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy (Optimization and monitoring of oil field development), Publ. of VNIIOENG, 2011, 296 p.

2. Gracheva S.K., Improvement of research and academic process in Tyumen Industrial University based on interaction with Tyumen Petroleum Research Center and application of digital technologies (In Russ.), Neftyanaya provintsiya, 2023, no. 4(36), pp. 239–243, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25689/NP.2023.4.239-243

The article considers the current state of regulatory documents (RD) in the field of core sampling and core studies in the oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation, assesses their relevance, and proposes measures to improve existing or develop missing RD. The current number of valid RD is limited, and they do not ensure standardization of work. Existing local RD developed by specialists of some oil and gas companies are not available to specialists of other companies, which causes difficulties in organizing work on submitting design documents to government agencies. There may be a situation when the same field is divided into two license areas, which belong to two different companies. Practice shows that the results of petrophysical and filtration experiments very often differ due to differences in the approaches used to sample preparation, the characteristics of the equipment used, the conditions of the experiments and the methods for assessing these parameters. When jointly reviewed by the State Reserves Committee and the Central Development Committee of the Russian Federation, the results from different laboratories may raise questions and difficulties in assessing their reliability. In Rosneft Oil Company the core sampling and core studies have a systematic nature. Since 2017, Rosneft Oil Company has used a RD that establishes uniform requirements for conducting core studies, for interaction between participants in the planning, organization and implementation of work on selection, transportation, storage, liquidation, as well as comprehensive core study during geological exploration and development of oil, gas and condensate fields, including offshore fields and fields with hard-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves.

References

1. RD 39-2-399-80. Metodicheskoe rukovodstvo po bureniyu s otborom kerna neftyanykh i gazovykh skvazhin (Guidelines for drilling with coring of oil and gas wells), Moscow: Publ. of VNIIBT, 1982, 115 p.

2. RD 39-0147716-505-85. Poryadok otbora, privyazki, khraneniya, dvizheniya i kompleksnogo issledovaniya kerna i gruntov neftegazovykh skvazhin (The procedure for selection, binding, storage, movement and comprehensive study of core and soils of oil and gas wells), Ufa: Publ. of Minnefteprom, 1986, 32 p.

3. Metodicheskoe rukovodstvo po otboru i analizu izolirovannogo kerna (Guidelines for the selection and analysis of an isolated core), Tyumen’, 1999, 57 p.

4. Metodicheskoe rukovodstvo po otboru i analizu izolirovannogo kerna (Guidelines for the selection and analysis of an isolated core), Tyumen’, 2022, 72 p.

5. R Gazprom 186-2021. Kern. Otbor, transportirovka, khranenie i kompleksnye issledovaniya (Core. Selection, transportation, storage and complex research), Moscow: Publ. of Gazpprom, 2021.

6. CTO 231-2017. Standart organizatsii. Kernovyy material po uchastkam nedr na territorii deyatel’nosti OAO “Surgutneftegaz” (Organization standard. Core material for subsoil areas in the territory of activity of Surgutneftegaz), Tyumen’, 2017.

7. Reglament po otboru, transportirovke, khraneniyu i laboratornym issledovaniyam kerna skvazhin (Regulations on the selection, transportation, storage and laboratory testing of well cores), Tyumen: Publ. of Novatek, 2018.

8. GOST 26450.0-85. Rocks. General requirements for sampling and sample preparation for determination of collecting properties.

9. GOST 26450.1-85. Rocks. Method for determination of open porosity coefficient by fluid saturation.

10. GOST 26450.2-85. Rocks. Method for determination of absolute gas permeability coefficient by stationary and non-stationary filtration.

11. Terent’ev V.Yu., D’yakonova T.F., Saetgaraev A.D. et al., Petrofizika negidrofil’nykh kollektorov neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy Timano-Pechorskoy neftegazonosnoy provintsii (Petrophysics of non-hydrophilic reservoirs of oil fields of the Timan-Pechora oil and gas province), Perm’: Aster Didzhital Publ., 2020, pp. 226–231.

12. Gil’manov Ya.I., Zagorovskiy A.A., Komisarenko A.S. et al., Special core analysis of Vc reservoir, Verkhnechonskoye field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2010, no. 11, pp. 66–71.

13. Gil’manov Ya.I., Yatsenko V.M., Assessment of porosity of core samples from non-conventional reservoirs (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023,

no. 11, pp. 20–25, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-11-20-25

14. OST 39-195-86, Neft’. Metod opredeleniya koeffitsienta vytesneniya nefti vodoy v laboratornykh usloviyakh (Oil. The method of determining the coefficient of oil displacement by water in the laboratory).

15. OST 39-235-89, Neft’. Metod opredeleniya fazovykh pronitsaemostey v laboratornykh usloviyakh pri sovmestnoy statsionarnoy fil’tratsii (Oil. Method for determining phase permeabilities in laboratory conditions during combined stationary filtration).

16. OST 39 180-85, Neft’. Metod opredeleniya smachivaemosti uglevodorodo-soderzhashchikh porod (Oil. Method for determining the wettability of hydrocarbon-containing rocks).

17. OST 39-204-86, Neft’. Metod laboratornogo opredeleniya ostatochnoy vodonasyshchennosti kollektorov nefti i gaza po zavisimosti nasyshcheniya ot kapillyarnogo davleniya (Oil. Laboratory method for determining residual water saturation of oil and gas reservoirs based on the dependence of saturation on capillary pressure).

18. Gil’manov Ya.I., Paromov S.V., State-of-the-art core retrieval technologies in prospecting, exploration and operating drilling (In Russ.), Karotazhnik, 2021, no. 8(314), pp. 39–47.

19. Malkov L.L., Gil’manov Ya.I., Tataurov F.S., Criteria for core material quality evaluation (In Russ.), Karotazhnik, 2023, no. 5(325), pp. 73–83.

20. Vremennye metodicheskie rekomendatsii po podschetu zapasov svobodnogo gaza v zalezhakh berezovskoy svity i ee analogov v predelakh Zapadno-Sibirskoy neftegazonosnoy provintsii (Temporary methodological recommendations for calculating free gas reserves in the deposits of the Berezovsky formation and its analogues within the West Siberian oil and gas province), Tyumen-Moscow: Publ. of ETS GKZ, 2021, 13 p.

21. Gil’manov Ya.I., Glushkov D.V., Kuznetsov E.G., Experience of TNNTs (Tyumen Oil Research Center) in the interlaboratory control of X-Ray computer tomography (RKT) (In Russ.), Karotazhnik, 2022, no. 6(320), pp. 132–140.

22. Gil’manov Ya.I., Shul’ga R.S., Zagidullin M.I., Experience of TNNTs (Tyumen Oil Research Center) in the interlaboratory control of core samples porosity measurements by nuclear magnetic resonance (In Russ.), Karotazhnik, 2022, no. 6(320), pp. 38–43.

23. Gil’manov Ya.I, Glushkov D.V., Kuznetsov E.G., OOO TNNTS’ experience in the interlaboratory supervison over core photography in daylight and ultraviolet light

(In Russ.), Karotazhnik, 2023, no. 5(325), pp. 96–114.

24. Metodicheskie ukazaniya po kompleksirovaniyu i etapnosti vypolneniya geofizicheskikh, gidrodinamicheskikh i geokhimicheskikh issledovaniy neftyanykh i neftegazovykh mestorozhdeniy (Guidelines for the integration and staging of geophysical, hydrodynamic and geochemical studies of oil and oil and gas fields), Moscow: Publ. of ESOEN, 2023, 86 p.

The article discusses some issues of scientific justification for the exploration of fossil hydrogen in Russia and around the world. It emphasizes the general tendency of search orientation transition from surface features to features of medium and large depths. The level of knowledge about the conditions of hydrogen generation and localization in geological formations is demonstrated. The author's proposals for the development of the hydrogen prospecting paradigm are presented, within the framework of which a fundamentally important role is assigned to the conservation factor of native hydrogen generated during the geological history. Therefore, the authors suggest that large fields of hydrogen may be located below the dominant impermeable layer, within hydrodynamic levels beneath its bottom, with their characteristic regime of hydrodynamic stagnation. This ensures both lithological and hydrodynamic shielding for free hydrogen. The article also proposes possible approaches to classifying native hydrogen deposits for discussion, taking into account the dynamic nature of its formation and accumulation in different geological environments and assessing geological reserves for fields of various sizes. The development of the resource potential of native hydrogen is an important state task, which ensures the use of native hydrogen along with traditional (hydrocarbon) raw materials, which can be considered as an important stimulating factor for the development of local production in energy-deficient regions of the country.

References

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2. Polevanov V.I., Glaz’ev S.M., Prospecting for naturally occurring hydrogen in Russia: A basis of integration into a new technological paradigm (In Russ.), Nedropol’zovanie XXI vek, 2020, no. 4 (87), pp. 12–23.

3. Zgonnik V., The occurrence and geoscience of natural hydrogen: A comprehensive review, Earth-Science Reviews, 2020, V. 203,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103140

4. Aimikhe V.J., Eyankware O.E., Recent advances in white hydrogen exploration and production: A mini review, Journal of Energy Research and Reviews, 2023, V. 13, no. 4, pp. 64–79, DOI: http://doi.org/10.9734/jenrr/2023/v13i4272

5. Moretti I. et al., Hydrogen emanations in intracratonic areas: New guide lines for early exploration basin screening, Geosciences, 2021, V. 11, no. 3,

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6. Fedonkin M.A., The role of hydrogen and metals in the formation and evolution of metabolic systems, Collected papers “Problems of the Origin and Evolution of the Biosphere”, 2008, pp. 417–438.

7. Larin V.N., Modern hydrogen degassing on the Russian platform (In Russ.), Byulleten’ Moskovskogo obshchestva ispytateley prirody. Otdel geologicheskiy, 2007,

V. 82, no. 5, C. 91.

8. Isaev V.P., Pastukhov N.P., Zony degazatsii prirodnogo vodoroda na vostoke Sibirskoy platformy (Natural hydrogen degassing zones in the east of the Siberian platform), Collected papers “Fundamental’nyy bazis innovatsionnykh tekhnologiy neftyanoy i gazovoy promyshlennosti” (Fundamental basis of innovative technologies in the oil and gas industry), Proceedings of All-Russian scientific conference with international participation dedicated to the 35th anniversary of the Institute of Oil and Gas Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 17-19 October 2022, pp. 337–339.

9. Levshunova S.P., Vodorod i ego biogeokhimicheskaya rol’ v obrazovanii uglevodorodnykh gazov v osadochnykh porodakh zemnoy kory (Hydrogen and its biogeochemical role in the formation of hydrocarbon gases in sedimentary rocks of the earth’s crust): thesis of doctor of geological and mineralogical science, Moscow, 1994.

10. Abukova L.A., Safarova E.A., Filippova D.S. et al., Hydrochemical and microbiological processes accompanying hybrid storage of hydrogen and methane in aquifers

(In Russ.), Aktual’nye problemy nefti i gaza, 2023, no. 3(42), pp. 221–234, DOI: http://doi.org/10.29222/ipng.2078-5712.2023-42.art14

11. Pastukhov N.P., Mikhaylov M.S., Prirodnyy vodorod Cibirskoy platformy: perspektivy, poiski i razvedka (Natural hydrogen of the Siberian platform: prospects, searches and exploration), Collected papers “GeoEvraziya-2022. Geologorazvedochnye tekhnologii: nauka i biznes” (GeoEurasia-2022. Geological exploration technologies: science and business), Proceedings of V International Geological and Geophysical Conference, Moscow, 30.03-01.04.2022, pp. 134–137.

12. Maiga O. et al., Characterization of the spontaneously recharging natural hydrogen reservoirs of Bourakebougou in Mali, Scientific Reports, 2023, V. 13, no. 1,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-38977-y

13. Prinzhofer A., Cissé CS. T., Diallo A.B., Discovery of a large accumulation of natural hydrogen in Bourakebougou (Mali), International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2018, V. 43(42), pp. 19315–19326, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.08.193

14. Rezaee R., Assessment of natural hydrogen systems in Western Australia, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2021, V. 46, no. 66, pp. 33068–33077,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.07.149

15. Shinohara H., Volatile flux from subduction zone volcanoes: Insights from a detailed evaluation of the fluxes from volcanoes in Japan, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 2013, V. 268, pp. 46–63, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2013.10.007

16. Qian-ning Tiana, Shu-qing Yaoa, Ming-juan Shaoa et al., Origin, discovery, exploration and development status and prospect of global natural hydrogen under the background of carbon neutrality, China Geology, 2022, V. 5, no. 4, pp. 722–733, DOI: http://doi.org/10.31035/cg2022046

17. Shakirov R.B., Chemical and isotopic characteristics of hydrocarbon gases from Mendeleev and Golovnin volcanoes, Kunashir Island (In Russ.), Geokhimiya = Geochemistry International, 2014, no. 3, pp. 267–267, DOI: http://doi.org/10.7868/S0016752514010063

18. Filippova D.S., Hydrogen in the geological environment: features of generation and accumulation (In Russ.), SOCAR Proceedings, 2023, Special Issue no. 2,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.5510/OGP2023SI200885

19. Bakirov A.A., Bakirov E.A., Melik-Pashaev V.S., Yudin G.T., Teoreticheskie osnovy i metody poiskov i razvedki skopleniy nefti i gaza (Theoretical foundations and methods of prospecting and exploration of oil and gas accumulations), Moscow: Vysshaya shkola Publ., 1976, 416 p.

20. Kalitskiy K.I., Geologiya nefti (Oil geology), Petrograd: Neftyanoe i slantsevoe khozyaystvo Publ., 1921, 224 p.

21. Gordienko V.V., On the circulation of hydrogen in the atmosphere and the Earth’s crust (In Russ.), Geofizicheskiy Zhurnal, 2021, V. 43(5), pp. 35-59,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24028/gzh.v43i5.244051

22. Deeva T.A., Kamartdinov M.R., Kulagina T.E., Fizika plasta (Reservoir physics), Tomsk: Publ. of Tomsk Polytechnic University, 2010.

23. Molchanov V.I., Generatsiya vodoroda v litogeneze (Hydrogen generation in lithogenesis), Novosibirsk: Nauka Publ., 1981, 142 p.

24. Nenakhov V.M., Polevanov V.P., Zhabin A.V. et al., Prospects for the discovery of natural hydrogen in the Voronezh anteclise (In Russ.), Vestnik Voronezhskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Geologiya, 2022, no. 2, pp. 4–18, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17308/geology.2022.2/9275

25. Onezhskaya paleoproterozoyskaya struktura (geologiya, tektonika, glubinnoe stroenie i minerageniya) (Onega Paleoproterozoic structure (geology, tectonics, deep structure and minerageny)): edited by Glushanin L.V., Sharov N.V., Shchiptsov V.V., Petrozavodsk: Publ. of Karelian Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2011, 431 p.

The article examines the traditional ideas about the time of occurrence of the orogen of the Greater Caucasus and the West Kuban trough. It is noted that, according to these ideas, the Greater Caucasus and the adjacent deflections, into which the demolition of material from the orogen took place, already existed since the Oligocene or Miocene. The new research results on the structure of the Pre-Caucasian bends, including the West Kuban, enables to dispute these ideas. The tectonic nature and history of filling the West Kuban trough was studied. Using the example of the FR050805 seismic profile, in the near-meridional direction of the sectioning trough at the longitude of the Varnavensky reservoir, it is shown that the clinoforms in the strata up to the Pliocene are oriented from north to south. This indicates that the filling of the trough occurred by lateral expansion of the section due to the introduction of detrital material from the north i.e. from the East European continent by the marine sedimentation in conditions of relative deep water. These conclusions are supported by the results of U–Pb isotope dating (LA-ICP-MS, GIN RAS) of detrital zircon grains from sands (sample K23-013) in the Pliocene sequence (Sennoe formation or undifferentiated sediments of the Sennoe and Zheleznogorsk formations), distributed west of Krymsk, west of Krasnodar Territory, south side of the Western-Kuban deflection.

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3. Milanovskiy E.E., Khain V.E., Ocherki regional’noy geologii SSSR. Geologicheskoe stroenie Kavkaza (Essays on regional geology of the USSR. Geological structure of the Caucasus), Moscow: Publ. of Moscow University, 1963, 378 p.

4. Nikishin A.M., Ershov A.V., Nikishin V.A., Geological history of the Western Caucasus and associated foredeeps based on the analysis of a regional balanced section (In Russ.), Doklady RAN. Nauki o Zemle = Doklady Earth Sciences, 2010, V. 430, no. 4, pp. 515–517.

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8. Popov S.V., Patina I.S., History of Paratethys (In Russ.), Priroda, 2023, no. 6, pp. 3–14, DOI: https://doi.org/10.7868/S0032874X23060017

9. Afanasenkov A.P., Nikishin A.M., Obukhov A.N., Geologicheskoe stroenie i uglevodorodnyy potentsial Vostochno-Chernomorskogo regiona (Geological structure and hydrocarbon potential of the East Black Sea region), Moscow: Nauchnyy mir Publ., 2007, 172 p.

10. Kerimov V.Yu., Yandarbiev N.Sh., Mustaev R.N., Kudryashov A.A., Hydrocarbon systems of the Crimean-Caucasian segment of the Alpine folded system (In Russ.), Georesursy = Georesources, V. 23(4), pp. 21–33, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2021.4.3

11. Popkov V.I., Geodynamic setting of the formation of the structure of the West Caucasian Cenozoic troughs (In Russ.), Geologiya, geografiya i global’naya energiya, 2010, no.3(38), pp. 23–27.

12. Timoshkina E.P., Leonov Yu.G., Mikhaylov V.O., Formation of the orogen-foredeep system: A geodynamic model and comparison with the data of the Northern Forecaucasus (In Russ.), Geotektonika = Geotectonics, 2010, no. 5, pp. 371-387, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0016852110050018

13. Klavdieva N.V., Tektonicheskoe pogruzhenie Predkavkazskikh kraevykh progibov v kaynozoe (Tectonic subsidence of the Ciscaucasian marginal troughs in the Cenozoic): thesis of candidate of geological and mineralogical science, Moscow, 2007.

14. Postnikova I.S., Patina I.S., Gorkin G.M., Geological setting and formation of the erosional structure of Upper Miocene deposits in Western Ciscaucasia, Lithology and Mineral Resources, 2024, V. 59, no. 5, pp. 517–525, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0024490224700676

15. Kuznetsov N.B., Romanyuk T.V., Dantsova K.I. et al., On the tectonic nature of the Western Kuban trough (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 9, pp. 78–84, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-9-78-84

16. Korsakov C.G., Beluzhenko E.V., Chernykh V.I. et al., Gosudarstvennaya geologicheskaya karta Rossiyskoy Federatsii. Masshtab 1:200 000 (State geological map of the Russian Federation. Scale 1:200 000), Seriya Kavkazskaya (Caucasian Series). List L-37-XXVI (Novorossiysk), Moscow: Publ. of Moscow branch of VSEGEI, 2021, 132 p.

17. Kuznetsov N.B., Latysheva I.V., Novikova A.S. et al., To the question of the tectonic type of the Western-Kuban trough and the time of uplift of the western segment of the Greater Caucasus orogen (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 10, pp. 58-63, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-10-58-63

Up to the present time, many scientists have believed that the orogeny of the Greater Caucasus and the associated formation of the Pre-Caucasian deflections occurred in the Oligocene. This assumption is based on the attribution of the Maikop series and younger strata of the Pre-Caucasian bends to molasses, i.e. strata formed by products of orogen erosion. Currently, the question of the origin of clastic rocks can be solved on the basis of U-Pb dating of detrital zircon grains from these rocks, which makes it possible to revise the areas of material demolition. The results of U–Pb isotope dating (LA-ICP-MS, GIN RAS) of detrital zircon grains from sands involved in the structure of the section of the Pliocene strata (Sennoe formation or undifferentiated sediments of the Sennoe and Zheleznogorsk formations) distributed west of Krymsk, west of Krasnodar region, southern side of the West Kuban trough, sample are presented K23-013. A high degree of similarity is shown in detrital zircon ages distribution for grains from the studied sample and from the sands of the Upper Cenozoic of the northern side of the Manych Valley, the Lower Don and the Lower Volga, i.e. sands which are products of erosion of the basement and cover of the East European and Scythian-Turanian platforms. The conclusion was made about the pericratonic (rather than foreland) tectonic type of the West Kuban trough and the Quaternary uplift time of the Western segment of the Greater Caucasus orogen.

References

1. Arkhangel’skiy A.D., Vvedenie v izuchenie geologii Evropeyskoy Rossii. Ch. 1. Tektonika i istoriya razvitiya Russkoy platformy (Introduction to the study of the geology of European Russia. Part 1. Tectonics and history of the development of the Russian platform), Moscow – Petrograd: Gosudarstvennoe izdatel’stvo Publ., 1923, 146 p.

2. Milanovskiy E.E., Khain V.E., Ocherki regional’noy geologii SSSR. Geologicheskoe stroenie Kavkaza (Essays on regional geology of the USSR. Geological structure of the Caucasus), Moscow: Publ. of MSU, 1963, 378 p.

3. Sharafutdinov V.F., The Miatli tectonic phase at the Early Orogenic stage of the Caucasus evolution (In Russ.), Doklady RAN = Doklady Earth Sciences, 2003, V. 393, no. 1, pp. 88–90.

4. Nikishin A.M., Ershov A.V., Nikishin V.A., Geological history of the Western Caucasus and associated foredeeps based on the analysis of a regional balanced section (In Russ.), Doklady RAN. Nauki o Zemle = Doklady Earth Sciences, 2010, V. 430, no. 4, pp. 515–517.

5. Popkov V.I., Geodynamic setting of the formation of the structure of the West Caucasian Cenozoic troughs (In Russ.), Geologiya, geografiya i global’naya energiya, 2010, № 3(38), pp. 23–27.

6. Afanasenkov A.P., Nikishin A.M., Obukhov A.N., Geologicheskoe stroenie i uglevodorodnyy potentsial Vostochno-Chernomorskogo regiona (Geological structure and hydrocarbon potential of the East Black Sea region), Moscow: Nauchnyy mir Publ., 2007, 172 p.

7. Kerimov V.Yu., Yandarbiev N.Sh., Mustaev R.N., Kudryashov A.A., Hydrocarbon systems of the Crimean-Caucasian segment of the Alpine folded system (In Russ.), Georesursy = Georesources, V. 23(4), pp. 21–33, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2021.4.3

8. Kuznetsov N.B., Romanyuk T.V., Dantsova K.I. et al., Characteristics of sedimentary strata of the Indolo-Kuban trough as indicated by the results of U–Pb isotopic dating of detrital zircons (In Russ.), Nedra Povolzh’ya i Prikaspiya, 2024, no. 1, pp. 4–15, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24412/1997-8316-2024-113-4-15

9. Tesakov A.S., Titov V.V., Kurshakov S.V. et al., Kabakova balka – novoe mestonakhozhdenie pliotsenovykh nazemnykh pozvonochnykh v zapadnom Predkavkaz’e (Kabakova Balka – a new location of Pliocene terrestrial vertebrates in the western Ciscaucasia), Collected papers “Fundamental’naya i prikladnaya paleontologiya” (Fundamental and applied paleontology), Proceedings of LXIV sessions of the Paleontological Society, St. Petersburg, 2–6 April 2018, St. Petersburg: Publ. of VSEGEI, 2018, p. 236.

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11. Kolodyazhnyy S.Yu., Kuznetsov N.B., Romanyuk T.V. et al., The nature of the Puchezh-Katunki impact structure (the central part of the East European platform): Results of the U‒Th‒Pb isotope system study of detrital zircons from explosive breccias (In Russ.), Geotektonika, 2023, no. 5, pp. 70–95,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.31857/S0016853X23050041/

12. Kuznetsov N.B., Romanyuk T.V., Dantsova K.I. et al., On the tectonic nature of the Western Kuban trough (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 9, pp. 78–84, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-9-78-84

13. Költringer C., Stevens T., Lindner M. et al., Quaternary sediment sources and loess transport pathways in the Black Sea – Caspian Sea region identified by detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology, Global and Planetary Change, 2022, V. 209, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2022.103736

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Technologies for the preparation of process fluids, drilling and grouting solutions and cleaning of the bottom-hole zone should be adapted to the specific conditions of well repair in the Krasnodar region and similar ones, whose oil and gas fields are at the final stage of development. Bottom-hole flushing systems are ineffective, and process agents injected into wells often do not meet the stated requirements, and there is no specialized equipment. One of the possible ways to improve the quality of liquid preparation is to improve such technologies, as sealing powdered and liquid components in jet devices, dispersing them with jet devices and cleaning the bottomhole zone with high-pressure jets. All these processes are united by the same phenomenon of the pressure outflow of liquid through the nozzle. A characteristic feature of such processes is the uncertainty of designing the geometry of the flow part of technological devices. In particular, the requirements for the geometric part of the nozzle for the formation of the most effective jet in jet mixers of drilling and grouting solutions are not defined, there are no systematic ideas about methods of using cavitation when jets flow in dispersants. The general scientific and technical problem of improving and introducing into production new jet technologies for the preparation and processing of drilling flushing and grouting solutions can be specified as a problem of optimizing jet processes in order to increase the efficiency of the preparation of technological liquids.

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3. Drozdov A.N., Gorelkina E.I., Development of a pump-ejector system for SWAG injection into reservoir using associated petroleum gas from the annulus space of production wells (In Russ.), Zapiski Gornogo instituta = Journal of Mining Institute, 2022, V. 254, pp. 191–201, DOI: http://doi.org/10.31897/PMI.2022.34

4. Drozdov A.N., Gorelkina E.I., Investigation of the ejector`s characteristics for the system of injection of water-gas mixtures into the reservoir (In Russ.), SOCAR Proceedings, 2022, Special Issue no. 2, pp. 25–32, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5510/ogp2022si200736

5. Pakhlyan I.A., Experimental assessing conformity of the theoretical equation of characteristics of jet mixer for the preparation of drilling flushing and grouting solutions (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 11, pp. 94–97, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-11-94-97

6. Kamenev P.N., Gidroelevatory v stroitel’stve (Hydraulic elevators in construction), Moscow: Stroyizdat Publ., 1970, 416 p.

7. Pakhlyan I.A., Ukolov A.I, Omel’yanyuk M.V., Vliyaniya kinematicheskikh parametrov na protsess kavitatsionnoy obrabotki promyvochnykh zhidkostey i tamponazhnykh rastvorov (In Russ.), Tekhnologiya nefti i gaza, 2024, no. 1, pp. 46–51, DOI: https://doi.org/10.32935/1815-2600-2024-150-1-46-51

8. Pakhlyan I.A. Omel’yanyuk M.V., On the issue of import substitution in systems for the preparation of emulsion drilling fluids (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 8, pp. 36-40, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-8-36-40

Nowadays, the issue of rehabilitating the qualitative reserve base in old oil producing regions gains particular importance. This situation has emerged amid steadily increasing share of unconventional reserves. There are large reserves of super-viscous oil (SVO) in the Republic of Tatarstan. In the last 20 years, TATNEFT PJSC has implemented a project for development of industrial process to locate, produce and treat SVO successfully using homegrown technologies instead of foreign ones which became possible due to state support. This paper presents the problem of lack of prospects for SVO development projects due to annulment of tax incentives for heavy oil production. Formed tax environment (the same as the one used for conventional oil production) can’t ensure favorable economics for SVO production. Under the conditions of increased tax burden, producer is forced to refuse to involve new SVO deposits in the development because high operational and capital expenses associated with such projects do not allow to reach an acceptable level of economic effectiveness. Such situation can lead to exhaustion of existing producing reserves and project close out. This paper proposes ways to change the current tax system which will enable to develop SVO reserves economically effective, to increase government revenue and to keep unique expertise in this industry.

References

1. Federal Law no. 342-FZ “O vnesenii izmeneniy v glavy 25.4 i 26 chasti vtoroy Nalogovogo kodeksa Rossiyskoy Federatsii” (On amendments to chapters 25.4 and 26 of part two of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation) from October 15, 2020, URL: https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/74658110/ ?ysclid=ly4bv96civ641212778

2. Federal Law no. 389-FZ “O vnesenii izmeneniy v chasti pervuyu i vtoruyu Nalogovogo kodeksa Rossiyskoy Federatsii, otdel’nye zakonodatel’nye akty Rossiyskoy Federatsii i o priostanovlenii deystviya abzatsa vtorogo punkta 1 stat’i 78 chasti pervoy Nalogovogo kodeksa Rossiyskoy Federatsii” (On amendments to parts one and two of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, certain legislative acts of the Russian Federation and on the suspension of the second paragraph of paragraph 1 of Article 78 of part one of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation), URL: from July 31, 2023,

URL: https://www.garant.ru/products/ipo/prime/doc/407357167/ ?ysclid=ly4civl7gr952394553

The share of easily recoverable reserves is steadily declining, and today more and more attention is being paid to technologies that allow the development of deposits with complex geological and physical characteristics. In such geological conditions, effective development of reserves is impossible without the systematic application of a complex of geological and technological measures, including drilling wells with new types of completion that increase the drainage area and inflow intensity. However, the success of such measures decreases as reservoir properties deteriorate, and therefore the task of increasing their efficiency becomes urgent. One of the ways to solve this problem is to determine the parameters of the well-reservoir system using hydrodynamic studies of wells. At the same time, in view of the decrease in permeability and the complication of the design of horizontal wells with multistage hydraulic fracturing, the assessment of system parameters using classical types of hydrodynamic studies leads to an increase in the duration of the shutdown and, accordingly, to significant losses in oil production. This work is devoted to the issue of increasing the efficiency of geological and technological measures in horizontal wells with multistage hydraulic fracturing in a low-permeability reservoir using a «low-cost» type of hydrodynamic testing of wells by analyzing production and pressure in the corporate software package «RN-VEGA». The proposed approach was tested in a field in Western Siberia in a low-permeability zone and made it possible to identify a number of wells with the greatest potential for increased oil production after geological and technological measures.

References

1. Miroshnichenko A.V., Sergeychev A.V., Korotovskikh V.A. et al., Innovative technologies for the low-permeability reservoirs development in Rosneft Oil Company

(In Russ.), (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2018, no. 11, pp. 105-19, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2018-12-105-109

2. Osorgin P.A., Kashapov A.A., Egorov E.L. et al., Development of low-permeable terrigenous reservoirs using horizontal wells with multiple hydraulic fractures at Priobskoye license area of RN-Yuganskneftegas LLC (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 6, pp. 38–43, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-6-38-43

3. Kapishev D.Yu., Rakhimov M.R., Mironenko A.A. et al., The choice of the optimal system for the development of ultra-low-permeable reservoirs on the example of the Erginsky license area on the Priobskoye field (In Russ.), Ekspozitsiya Neft Gaz, 2022, no. 7, pp. 62–65, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/2076-6785-2022-7-62-65

4. Asalkhuzina G.F., Davletbaev A.Ya., Khabibullin I.L., Modeling of the reservoir pressure difference between injection and production wells in low permeable reservoirs (In Russ.), Vestnik Bashkirskogo universiteta, 2016, V. 21, no. 3, pp. 537–544.

5. Martyushev D.A., Ponomareva I.N., Sovremennye metody gidrodinamicheskikh issledovaniy skvazhin i plastov (Modern methods of hydrodynamic studies of wells and formations), Perm: Publ. of PSTU, 2019, 160 p.

6. Kremenetskiy M.I., Ipatov A.I., Gidrodinamicheskie i promyslovo-tekhnologicheskie issledovaniya skvazhin (Hydrodynamic and oil field and technological research of wells), Moscow: MAKS Press Publ., 2008, 476 p.

7. Shagiev R.G., Issledovanie skvazhin po KVD (Well testing), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1998, 304 p.

8. Deeva T.A., Kamartdinov M.R., Kulagina T.E., Mangazeev P.V., Gidrodinamicheskie issledovaniya skvazhin: analiz i interpretatsiya dannykh (Well test: analysis and interpretation of data), Tomsk: Publ. of TPU, 2009, 254 z.

9. Bobreneva Yu.O., Davletbaev A.Y., Makhota N.A., Kamalova Z.K., Estimation of reservoir pressure from the sensor data before and after injection tests in low-permeability formations (In Russ.), SPE-187763-MS, 2017, DOI: http://doi.org/10.2118/187763-MS

10. Sarapulova V.V., Davletbaev A.Ya., Kunafin A.F. et al., The RN-VEGA program complex for well test analysis and interpretation (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 12, pp. 124 –129, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-12-124-129

11. Davletbaev A.Ya., Makhota N.A., Nuriev A.Kh. et al., Design and analysis of injection tests during hydraulic fracturing in low-permeability reservoirs using RN-GRID software package (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2018, no. 10, pp. 77–83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2018-10-77-83

12. salkhuzina G.F., Davletbaev A.Ya., Il’yasov A.M. et al., Pressure drop analysis before and after fracture closure for test injections before main fracturing treatment

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2016, no. 11, pp. 41–45.

13. Urazov R.R., Davletbaev A.Ya., Sinitskiy A.I. et al., Rate transient analysis of fractured horizontal wells (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 10, pp. 62–67 , DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-10-62-67

14. Davletbaev A.Ya., Asalkhuzina G.F., Urazov R.R., Sarapulova V.V., Gidrodinamicheskie issledovaniya skvazhin v nizkopronitsaemykh kollektorakh (Hydrodynamic studies of wells in low-permeability reservoirs), Novosibirsk: DOM MIRA Publ., 2023, 176 p.

The article presents the experience of water flow limitation application in wells with multistage hydraulic fracturing in carbonate deposits of the Moscovian Stage of the unique Arlanskoe field. The methods and technologies used to reduce water flow, which is an important task for increasing the efficienсу of hydrocarbon fields development are described in this work. The paper analyzes the geological and technical characteristics of the field and the dynamics of horizontal well performance indicators, and reviews the experience of application of water shut-off technologies in horizontal wells with fractures after multistage hydraulic fracturing. The authors presented a matrix for selection of water shut-off technologies in horizontal production wells. On the basis of the performed works three groups of compositions were singled out. According to the results of the analysis, the best technological effect was obtained using integrated technology including injection of cross-linked polyacrylamide, polymer-silicate composition and lightweight plugging composition. The obtained results demonstrate the positive impact of the proposed measures on the optimal production of reserves and reduction of negative consequences associated with water production. The work may be of interest to specialists in oil and gas geology and field development, and is aimed at optimizing the exploitation of carbonate reservoirs.

References

1. Lozin E.V., Razrabotka unikal’nogo Arlanskogo neftyanogo mestorozhdeniya vostoka Russkoy plity (Developing a unique Arlan oil field of the East of the Russian Plate), Ufa: Publ. of BashNIPIneft, 2012, 704 p.

2. Shaydullin V.A., Folomeev A.E., Vakhrushev S.A. et al., Field study of a new radial drilling technology followed by acidizing (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 7, pp. 108–114, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-7-108-114

3. Gareev A.T., Nurov S.R., Faizov I.A. et al., Production features and concept of further development of the unique Arlanskoye field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 4, pp. 40–45, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-4-40-45

4. Islamov Ya.R., Gareev A.T., Kashapov B.A., Povyshenie effektivnosti tekhnologiy GRP na karbonatnykh kollektorakh kashiro-podol’skikh otlozheniy Arlanskogo mestorozhdeniya (Improving the efficiency of hydraulic fracturing technologies in carbonate reservoirs of the Kashiro-Podolsk deposits of the Arlanskoye field), Proceedings of II International scientific and practical conference “Proryvnye tekhnologii v razvedke, razrabotke i dobyche uglevodorodnykh resursov” (Breakthrough technologies in exploration, development and production of hydrocarbon resources), St. Petersburg: Publ. of St. Petersburg Mining University, 2023, 68 p.

5. Nigmatullin T.E., Nikulin V.Y., Shaymardanov A.R. et al., Water-and-gas shutoff technologies in horizontal wells on North Komsomolskoe field: Screening and successful trial (In Russ.), SPE-206496-MS, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/206496-MS

6. Nikulin V.Yu., Nigmatullin T.E., Mikhaylov A.G. et al., Selection of insulation compositions and technologies for horizontal wells under difficult conditions (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 10, pp. 96–101, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2021-10-96-101

7. Shaydullin V.A., Nigmatullin T.E., Magzumov N.R. et al., Analysis of advanced waterproofing technologies in gas wells (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2021, no. 1,

pp. 51–60.

8. Nikulin V.Yu., Mukminov R.R., Shaymardanov A.R. et al., Selection of promising technologies to limit water and gas flow in horizontal wells of the Kuyumbinskoye field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 7, pp. 36–40, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-7-36-40

9. Stroganov A.M., Iskrin A.Yu, Kamenskiy A.V. et al., On controlling the water inflow to oil wells after hydro-fracturing (In Russ.), Neft’. Gaz. Novatsii, 2013, no. 7,

pp. 22-25.

10. Burdin K., Mazitov R., Bravkov P. et al., Unique coiled tubing (CT) operation of waterproducing interval isolation in a horizontalwell completed with 8-stage multistage fracturing(MSF) system using two inflatable bridge plugs (In Russ.), Vremya koltyubinga, 2013, no. 3, pp. 34–43.

11. Zakharov V.P., Ismagilov T.A., Antonov A.M. et al., Waterproofing of cracks from the side of injection wells in carbonate reservoirs (In Russ.), Neftyanoe

khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2010, no. 12, pp. 102–105.

12. Patent RU 2740986 C1, Method of restoration of water-flooded gas or gas condensate well after hydraulic fracturing of formation, Inventors: Sarkarov R.A., Seleznev V.V., Radzhabova A.R.

13. Patent RU 2507377 C1, Method of water production zones isolation in well, Inventors: Kadyrov R.R., Khasanova D.K., Sakhapova A.K., Andreev V.A., Vashetina E.Yu.

14. Yadrin V.V., Mardaganiev T.R., Zinatullina E.R., Galiev A.F., Improving cementing quality with self-healing cementing materials (In Russ.), Ekspozitsiya Neft’ Gaz, 2023, no. 7, pp. 108–112, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/2076-6785-2023-7-108-112

15. Vakhrushev S.A., Litvinenko K.V., Folomeev A.E. et al., Testing of new technologies for bottom-hole treatment and water shutoff jobs in Rosneft Oil Company

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 6, pp. 31-37, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-6-31-37

The paper presents a model of porosity and permeability change in a proppant pack initially containing spherical particles. Three assumptions were formulated for its development: proppant volume remains constant during compression; the number of channels through which liquid is filtered remains constant; maintaining the geometric similarity of the channels during compression. In accordance with the assumptions, the dependence of porosity on the deformation of the proppant pack was derived, the concept of a dimensionless porosity complex was introduced. Porosity complex contains the initial porosity and porosity after deformation, and proppant permeability depends on porosity complex linearly. The model was verified based on the results of tests to determine the permeability and conductivity of the proppant pack under various compressive stresses, carried out on equipment using methods that meet the standards of API RP 19C, API RP 60 and API PR 61. The test results of 115 proppants were used, which showed no signs of methodological errors in the measurements, and were submitted by various manufacturers from Russia and abroad. It is shown that the model satisfactorily describes the main features of the deformation of the proppant pack and changes in its permeability from small compressive stresses to 55 MPa (8000 psi), and is significantly better than the Kazeny-Karman formula.

References

1. Sadykov A.M., Sirbaev R.I., Erastov S.A. et al., The influence of various hydraulic fracturing fluids on the residual conductivity of the proppant pack and the filtration properties of low-permeability reservoirs (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 7, pp. 52–57, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-7-52-57

2. Hawkins G.W., Laboratory study of proppant-pack permeability reduction caused by fracturing fluids concentrated during closure, SPE-18261-MS, 1988, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/18261-MS

3. Gubaydullin A.A., Igoshin D.E., Khromova N.A., The generalization of the Kozeny approach to determining the permeability of the model porous media made of solid spherical segments (In Russ.), Vestnik Tyumenskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Fiziko-matematicheskoe modelirovanie. Neft’, gaz, energetika = Tyumen State University Herald. Physical and Mathematical Modeling. Oil, Gas, Energy, 2016, V. 2, no. 2, pp. 105–120, DOI: http://doi.org/10.21684/2411-7978-2016-2-2-105-120

4. Rabotnov Yu.N., Mekhanika deformiruemogo tverdogo tela (Mechanics of deformable solids), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1979, 744 p.

5. Leybenzon L.S., Dvizheniya prirodnykh zhidkostey i gazov v poristoy srede (Movement of natural liquids and gases in a porous medium), Moscow – Leningrad: OGIZ Publ., 1947, 244 p.

6. Alyumosilikatnyy propant (Aluminosilicate proppant), URL: https://aobko.ru/borprop/aluminosilicate_proppant

7. Ceramic Proppant, URL: https://www.carboceramics.com/products/ceramic-proppant

8. Proppant tables, URL: https://www.worldoil.com/media/3025/proppant-tables-2015.pdf

9. Diamond Ceramics, URL: https://diamondproppant.com

10. Ceramic proppants, URL: http://finewayceramics.com/ceramic-proppants

11. URL: https://www.curimbaba.com.br/en/produtos

12. URL: http://www.rainbowproppants.com/products

13. URL: https://sintexminerals.com/en/products/proppants

14. URL: https://wellprop.ru/propants

15. URL: https://www.xieta.com/index.php/en/products

The article discusses issues related to the development of a carbonate formation in an oil field. Specifically, the incomplete coverage of the deposit by the stationary flooding and the high water content of the produced fluids. The analysis of the target formation structure revealed the presence of geological heterogeneities, which are the root cause of the existing problems. To solve them, it is proposed to use the cyclic flooding method which is a cost-effective solution for enhanced oil recovery, as it redistributes pressures in the reservoir and alters filtration flows to recover additional oil from poorly drained zones. This technology is preferred over other expensive methods. The authors propose geological and technical measures to improve the development system in response to various possible cycles of transient flooding. The study focuses on hydrodynamic modeling using Tempest More software for standard injection and cyclic pumping. Each variant is analyzed for technological efficiency; the choice of the optimal option is justified. The economic evaluation of implementing non-stationary waterflooding technology in combination with selected geological and technological measures is presented. Based on the results obtained during the work the authors have established the technical and economic efficiency of this proposed method for solving development problems of the target formation.

References

1. Yartiev A.F., Khabibrakhmanov A.G., Podavalov V.B., Bakirov A.I., Cyclic water flooding of Bobric formation at Sabanchinskoye field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2017, no. 3, pp. 85–87, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2017-3-85-87

2. Muslimov R.Kh., Problems of exploration and development modeling of oil fields (In Russ.), Georesursy, 2018, V. 20, no. 3, pp. 134–138,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2018.3.134-138

3. Martyushev D.A., Mengaliev A.G., Planning of cyclic watering based on anisotropic hydrodynamic model of the carbonate deposit of Gagarinskoe field (In Russ.), Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Inzhiniring georesursov = Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Geo Assets Engineering, 2020, V. 331, no. 12, pp. 84–93,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2020/12/2942

4. Al’mukhametova E.M., Expanding the experience of using non-stationary waterflooding technology with changing direction of the filtration flow in the example of the Northern Buzachi field (In Russ.), Georesursy, 2018, V. 20, no. 2, pp. 115–121,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2018.2.115-121

5. Muslimov R.Kh., History and prospects of hydrodynamic methods for oil fields development in Russia (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 12, pp. 96–100, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-12-96-100

6. Rodionov S.P., Pichugin O.N., Kosyakov V.P., Shirshov Ya.V., On the selection of oil fields areas for the effective use of cyclic waterflooding

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2019, no. 4,

pp. 58–61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-4-58-61

7. Zhang X. et al., Experimental study and mechanism investigation of cyclic waterflooding, Journal of Petrochemical Universities, 2016, no. 6,

pp. 66–70, DOI: http://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1006-396X.2015.06.013

8. Saleh N. et al., Cyclic water flood for enhanced injection efficiency & reduced water re-circulation in Sabiriyah Mauddud, North Kuwait, SPE-198137-MS, 2019, http://doi.org/10.2118/198137-MS

9. Krivoshchekov S.N., Kochnev A.A., Ravelev K.A., Development of an algorithm for determining the technological parameters of acid composition injection during treatment of the near-bottomhole zone, taking into account economic efficiency (In Russ.), Zapiski Gornogo instituta = Journal of Mining Institute, 2021, V. 250, no. 4, pp. 587–595,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.31897/PMI.2021.4.12

10. Novikov V.A., Method for forecasting the efficiency of matrix acid treatment of carbonate (In Russ.), Vestnik Permskogo natsional’nogo issledovatel’skogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Geologiya, neftegazovoe i gornoe delo = Perm Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, 2021, V. 21, no. 3, pp. 137–143,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.15593/2712-8008/2021.3.6

11. Dulkarnaev M.R., Vil’danov A.A., Baushin V.V., Gulyaev V.N., Justification of non-stationary water flooding application and improvement of the reservoir pressure maintenance system at the Druzhnoye field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2013, no. 4, pp. 104–106.

12. A Ivanov A.N., Pyatibratov P.V., Aubakirov A.R., Dzyublo A.D., Justification of injection wells operating modes for cyclic waterflooding application (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 2, pp. 28–31, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-2-28-31

Acid treatment (AT) is one of the most effective and cost-cutting methods for the near-wellbore zone (NWZ) treatment to increase oil production. The issue of conducting AT is particularly pressing in fields with hard-to-recover reserves of the Tyumen suite. Due to the naturally low permeability of the reservoir, there is a decrease in the injectivity of injection wells, leading to failure to achieve design values, a decrease in the flow rate of liquid and formation pressure, precipitation of asphaltenes, and clogging of the NWZ. In current regulatory and technical documents, the volume of acid composition is recommended to be 0,5 – 1,5 m3 per 1 m of perforated thickness. However, this proposed approach for calculating the volume of acid compositions does not take into account the filtration and capacity properties of the reservoit, the type of injected water, the presence of hydraulic fracturing, the temperature of the NWZ, and the frequency of treatment. Additional attention should to be paid to calculating the volume of acid for production and injection wells, as they are characterized by different types of contamination and depths of penetration. To eliminate uncertainty, it is proposed to create a methodology for calculating the volume of injected acid compositions. The authors propose a formula for calculating the volume of acid during AT for injection and production wells. The technological and economic efficiency of applying this methodology has been assessed on the injection well stock.

References

1. Panikarovskiy V.V., Panikarovskiy E.V., Metody sokhraneniya i vosstanovleniya fil’tratsionnykh kharakteristik slozhnopostroennykh kollektorov (Methods for maintaining and restoring the filtration characteristics of complex reservoirs), Moscow: Publ. of Gazprom ekspo, 2010, 104 p.

2. Novikov V.A., Derendyaev R.A., Abashev D.A., Kuznetsov D.S., Study of the influence of the number of acid treatments on their efficiency based on geological field analysis (In Russ.), Tekhnologii nefti i gaza, 2022, no. 3, pp. 45–49, DOI: https://doi.org/10.32935/1815-2600-2022-140-3-45-49

This article presents a comprehensive reservoir mathematical model designed to analyze and predict oil fields development in the depletion mode. A special feature of the model is that it takes into account the dependence of permeability and nonlinear dependence of reservoir porosity on reservoir pressure. This is important in cases when, during depletion, reservoir pressure decreases below the level of oil gas saturation and a significant change in the physical properties of the reservoir and fluids is observed. The model includes two main modes of oil reservoir operation during depletion: elastic and dissolved gas. In the elastic mode, a decrease in reservoir pressure causes rock compaction, which maintains well productivity due to elastic deformations. In the dissolved gas mode, with a drop in pressure, gas begins to release from the oil, passing into a free phase. This leads to significant changes in phase permeabilities and complicates the filtration process, requiring a special approach to modeling. For verification a numerical simulation was performed based on data obtained from one of the fields of the North Caucasus oil and gas province. The calculation results confirmed the need of taking into account the dependence of permeability and the nonlinear dependence of porosity on pressure when modeling and predicting the development of oil fields for depletion. The model allows increasing the accuracy of calculations, which can contribute to the optimization of oil production processes and an increase in the hydrocarbon recovery factor. This approach can be used in fields characterized by a complex nature of changes in filtration and capacity properties with a drop in reservoir pressure.

References

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2. Dake L.P., Fundamentals of reservoir engineering, Elsevier, 1983.

3. Biot M.A., General theory of three-dimensional consolidation, Journal of Applied Physics, 1941, V. 12(2), pp. 155-164, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1712886

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pp. 37-56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0920-4105(03)00021-4.

5. Kashnikov O.Yu., Issledovanie i uchet deformatsionnykh protsessov pri razrabotke zalezhey nefti v terrigennykh kollektorakh (Study and accounting of deformation processes during development of oil deposits in terrigenous reservoirs): thesis of candidate of technical science, Perm, 2008.

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9. Feyzullaev A.A., Godzhaev A.G., Mamedova I.M., Deformation processes during the development of hydrocarbon accumulations and their influence on the formation productivity (In Russ.), Neftegazovaya geologiya. Teoriya i praktika, 2022, V. 17, no. 2, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17353/2070-5379/16_2022

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/77723-MS

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14. Indrupskiy I.M., Anikeev D.P., Zakirov E.S., Alekseeva Yu.V., Consideration of geomechanical effects in reservoir simulation for hydrocarbon field development, Aktual'nye problemy nefti i gaza, 2022, no. 4 (39), pp. 75–102, DOI: https://doi.org/10.29222/ipng.2078-5712.2022-39.art7

15. Walsh M.P., Lake L.W., A generalized approach to primary hydrocarbon recovery of petroleum exploration and production, Elsevier, 2003, 640 p.

16. Glushakov A.A., Akhapkin M.Yu., Dyachenko A.G. et al., Some peculiarities of exploration and testing of small multi-layered hydrocarbon-containing fields at abnormally high pressures and temperatures (In Russ.), Geologiya, geofizika i razrabotka neftyanykh i gazovykh mestorozhdeniy, 2023, no. 1 (373), pp. 57–64,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33285/2413-5011-2023-1(373)-57-64

17. Eremenko N.A., Chilingar G.V., Geologiya nefti i gaza na rubezhe vekov (Oil and gas geology at the turn of the century), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1996, 176 p.

18. Tiab D., Donaldson E C., Petrophysics: theory and practice of measuring reservoir rock and fluid transport, Elsevier Inc., 2004, 926 p.

19. Fomin A.A., Vliyanie anomal'no vysokikh plastovykh davleniy na deformatsionnye i kollektorskie svoystva gornykh porod pri razlichnykh ob"emnykh napryazhennykh sostoyaniyakh (The influence of abnormally high reservoir pressures on the deformation and reservoir properties of rocks under various volumetric stress states), Collected papers “Fizicheskie svoystva kollektorov nefti pri vysokikh davleniyakh i temperaturakh” (Physical properties of oil reservoirs at high pressures and temperatures), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1979, pp. 20–30.

The urgency of reducing greenhouse gas emissions is undeniable and is on the agenda of any oil and gas production enterprise. The most applicable option for solving this issue is the implementation of carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) projects, which simultaneously solve the problem of CO2 utilization and increase of hydrocarbon recovery. The technology of injection of small volumes of carbon dioxide into producing wells has become widespread. CCUS projects can be implemented in the field only after carrying out research and development works aimed at assessing their profitability. A significant stage of scientific research is laboratory testing. The article presents current results of laboratory support of the project on injection of CO2 into a low-permeability reservoir. The main purpose of the research is to obtain experimental parameters for creating a correct composite model and further modeling of the process of CO2 injection into production wells. Laboratory studies included standard and special PVT studies, estimation of maximum and minimum mixing pressure, and filtration studies of core material. The studies also investigated the main negative factors that may occur during CO2 injection. Based on the experimental data obtained, a composite hydrodynamic model of the pilot site was created to perform further multivariate calculations of CO2 injection process on the scale of pilot sites.

References

1. Kozhin V.N. et al., Estimation of the utilization potential of carbon dioxide at Orenburg region oil fields (In Russ.), Neftepromyslovoe delo, 2021, no. 8, pp. 43–49,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33285/0207-2351-2021-8(632)-43-49

2. Emel’yanov K., Zotov N., Savings on decarbonization (In Russ.), Energeticheskaya politika, 2021, no. 10, pp. 27–37, DOI: https://doi.org/10.46920/2409-5516_2021_10164_26

3. Klubkov S. et al., CCUS: monetizatsiya vybrosov CO2 (CCUS: monetization of CO2 emissions), Vygon consulting, 2021, URL: https://vygon-consulting.ru/upload/iblock/967/jzgys72b7ome167wi4dbao9fnsqsfj13/vygon_consulting_CCUS...

4. Grushevenko E., Kapitonov S., Mel’nikov Yu. Et al., Dekarbonizatsiya v neftegazovoy otrasli: mezhdunarodnyy opyt i prioritety Rossii (Decarbonization in the oil and gas industry: international experience and Russian priorities): edited by Mitrova T., Gayda I., Moscow: Publ. of the Low-carbon and circular economy Lab, 2021, 158 p., URL: https://energy.skolkovo.ru/downloads/documents/SEneC/Research/SKOLKOVO_EneC_Decarbonization_of_oil_a...

5. Surguchev M.L., Vtorichnye i tretichnye metody uvelicheniya nefteotdachi plastov (Secondary and tertiary methods of enhanced oil recovery), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1985, 308 p.

6. Surguchev M.L., Gorbunov A.T., Zabrodin D.P. et al., Metody izvlecheniya ostatochnoy nefti (Residual oil recovery methods), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1991, 347 p.

7. Balint V., Ban A., Doleshan Sh., Primenenie uglekislogo gaza v dobyche nefti (The use of carbon dioxide in oil production), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1977, 240 p.

8. Lozin E.V., Ryazantsev M.V. et al., CO2-vozdeystvie: issledovaniya uchenykh UfNII-BashNIPIneft’ (CO2 impact: research by scientists from UfNII-BashNIPIneft), Ufa: Publ. of OOO «RN-BashNIPIneft’», 2021, 323 p.

9. Afonin D.G., Galikeev R.M. et al., Factor analysis of estimated efficiency of producing wells treatments with carbon dioxide using Huff and Puff technology (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 8, pp. 84-88, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-8-84-88

10. Morozyuk O.A., Afonin D.G., Kobyashev A.V., Dolgov I.A., Laboratory studies as a key component of gas EOR projects (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 10, pp. 76–81, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-10-76-81

11. Stepanova G.S., Gazovye i vodogazovye metody vozdeystviya na neftyanye plasty (Gas and water-gas methods of influence in oil reservoirs), Moscow: Gazoil press, 2006, 200 p.

12. Shamaev G.A., Preduprezhdenie oslozhneniy pri zakachke dioksida ugleroda dlya uvelicheniya nefteotdachi plastov pri razrabotke anomal’nykh neftey (Prevention of complications when injecting carbon dioxide to increase oil recovery during the development of anomalous oils): thesis of candidate of technical science, Ufa, 1988.

Currently, almost all wells of Udmurtneft named after V.I. Kudinov PJSC are operated under conditions of various complicating factors that negatively affect the rational extraction of hydrocarbons. One of the most common complications is corrosion. The company monitors the occurrence and spread of corrosion in wells. The fact that the number of wells with such complicating factor has a tendency to increase indicates a possible problem of imperfect protection technology. The current standard method for assessing corrosion rates is to install corrosion test specimens on the flow line. However, this method is not perfect due to the difference in thermobaric conditions in the well and on the flow line. This leads to the selection of ineffective protection technology such as the installation of an insufficient minimum effective dosage of a corrosion inhibitor. In view of the need to solve this problem, Izhevsk Petroleum Research Center JSC together with Udmurtneft named after V.I. Kudinov PJSC developed a technology for measuring the corrosion rate of deep-well pumping equipment at different suspension intervals of pump-compressor pipes. The proposed method made it possible to establish the correct minimum effective dosage of the base inhibitor, which ensures the target level of protection expressed in a corrosion rate of no more than 0,10 mm/year and the absence of local damage.

References

1. Semenova I.V., Korroziya i zashchita ot korrozii (Corrosion and corrosion protection), Moscow: Fizmatlit Publ., 2006, 372 p.

2. Kotikhova V.D., Razrabotka i issledovanie mnogofunktsional’noy kompozitsii na osnove imidazolinov dlya razlichnykh agressivnykh sred (Development and research of a multifunctional composition based on imidazolines for various aggressive environments): thesis of candidate of technical science, Moscow, 2023.

To solve the problem of associated petroleum gas (APG) utilization, a method of APG pyrolysis is proposed to produce hydrogen and carbon black. An experimental pyrolysis plant with a production rate of up to 1 nm3/h has been created. The main element of the plant is a tubular furnace with a corundum tube with a diameter of 50 mm, the length of the hot zone of the furnace is 450 mm. Studies of the pyrolysis process were carried out on a synthetic gas mixture, the composition of which is equivalent to the composition of APG from one of LUKOIL’s production facility, with the following molar fractions of components according to the passport: CH4 – 76,89 %, C2H6 – 12,20 %, C3H8 – 4,75 %, C4H10 – 0,75 %, CO2 – 3,22 %, N2 – 2,19 %. As a result of a series of experiments, quantitative values of hydrogen yield and the degree of APG decomposition in a pyrolysis reactor within a tubular furnace were determined at temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1400 °C and various flow rates from 0,009 to 0,9 m3/h. The maximum hydrogen content in the product was 78,18 % at 1400 °C and a flow rate of 0,3 m3/h. It has been shown that an increase in consumption and a decrease in the residence time of raw materials in the hot zone lead to a decrease in the hydrogen content in the pyrolysis products. The data obtained made it possible to calculate the material balance of the pyrolysis process for a pilot installation with a capacity of 100 nm3/h.

References

1.URL: https://webstore.iea.org/co2-emissions-from-fuel-combustion-2018-highlights.

2. Yoro K.O., Daramola M.O., CO2 emission sources, greenhouse gases, and the global warming effect, Ch.1, In: Advances in carbon capture: edited by Rahimpour M.R., Farsi M., Makarem M.A., Woodhead Publishing, 2020, pp. 3-28, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819657-1.00001-32

3. Abbas H, Daud W.M.A.W., Hydrogen production by methane decomposition. A review, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2010, V. 35, pp. 1160–90,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.11.036

4. Vorobev A, Shchesnyak E., Associated petroleum gas flaring: The problem and possible solution, Proceedings of 14th International Congress for Applied Mineralogy (ICAM2019), Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019, pp. 227–230, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22974-0_55

5. Solov’yanov A., Associated petroleum gas flaring: Environmental issues, Russian Journal of General Chemistry, 2011, V. 81, no. 12, pp. 2531-2541,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.1134/S1070363211120218

6. Lott Р., Mokashi М.В., Müller Н. et al., Hydrogen production and carbon capture by gas-phase methane pyrolysis: A feasibility study, ChemSusChem, 2023, V. 16 (6), DOI: http://doi.org/10.1002/cssc.202201720

7. Harrison G.H., Sahel A., Optimal profitable allocation of associated natural gas resource on a countrywide basis to mitigate flaring, Energy Reports, 2023, V. 10,

pp. 2551–2566, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2023.09.015

8. Fan Y., Fowler G.D., Zhao M., The past, present and future of carbon black as a rubber reinforcing filler – A review, Journal of Cleaner Production, 2020, V. 247 (11),

DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.119115

9. Kareiva A., Beganskiene A., Senvaitiene J. et al., Evaluation of carbon-based nanostructures suitable for the development of black pigments and glazes, Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects, 2019, V. 580, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfa.2019.123718

10. Xuesong Lu, Guo Jung Lian, Parker J. et.al., Effect of carbon blacks on electrical conduction and conductive binder domain of next-generation lithium-ion batteries, Journal of Power Sources, 2024, V. 592, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2023.233916

11. Liu Yunhuan, Zhanyu Zhai, Huaping Tang, Experimental investigations on thermo-stamping of carbon fiber reinforced polyamide 6 hat-shaped components with self-resistance electrical heating: Influence on microscopic and macroscopic properties from temperature related processing parameters, Journal of Manufacturing Processes, 2023, V. 85, Р. 1133-1143, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmapro.2022.12.025

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This article describes the existing technologies for the separation of vanadium, nickel and titanium from oils and heavy oil residues. The most developed is the technology of extraction of the above metals. To study the trends in the change of vanadium content in the oil of the Karazhanbas field over the past 50 years, samples were taken from various wells and horizons of the field. Sample preparation with deep dehydration was conducted on the selected oil samples, and then the samples were divided into two parts for laboratory studies in two different laboratories. Half of the samples remained at KazNIPImunaygas, the other part was labeled, packaged and sent to Gubkin University. They were analyzed for the content of vanadium according to the methodology of MVI No09-2017 «Procedure for determining the content of metals in oil» on the X-ray apparatus for spectral analysis of the SPECTROSCAN MAX series. It was noted that the vanadium content in the oil of the Karazhanbas field for 50 years decreased from 307,38 g/t to 120-180 g/t. Based on the residual content of vanadium in oil, a technical and economic assessment of options for extracting vanadium from oil at the Karazhanbas field was carried out based on the analysis of possible technologies for the extraction of vanadium, a study of possible equipment suppliers was carried out, a list of equipment and resources was compiled. The enlarged capital investments for the project were calculated, the indicators of resource consumption for the formation of operating costs were identified.

References

1. Aleksandrova T.N., Aleksandrov A., Nikolaeva N., An investigation of the possibility of extraction of metals from heavy oil, Mineral Processing and Extractive Metallurgy Review, 2017, V. 38, pp. 92-95, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1080/08827508.2016.1262860

2. Patent US6007705, Method for demetallating petroleum streams, Inventors: Greaney M.A., Polini P.J.

3. Guseva E.A., Khusanov A.I., Ispol’zovanie vysokikh tekhnologiy v protsessakh diffuzionnogo nasyshcheniya poverkhnosti metallicheskikh izdeliy (Use of high technologies in the processes of diffusion saturation of the surface of metal products), Collected papers “Perspektivy razvitiya tekhnologii pererabotki uglevodorodnykh i mineral’nykh resursov” (Prospects for the development of technology for processing hydrocarbon and mineral resources), Proceedings of VIII All-Russian scientific and practical conference with international participation, Irkutsk, 2018, pp. 31-33.

4. Chung K.H., Xu Z., Sun X. et al., Selective asphaltene removal from heavy oil, Petroleum Technology Quarterly, 2006, no. 11 (5), pp. 99–100, 102–105.

5. Patent RU2054670C1, Proximate method for determining petroporphyrins concentration in raw oil, Inventors: Galimov R.A., Krivonozhkina L.B., Romanov G.V.

6. Groennings S., Quantitative determination of porphyrin aggregate in petroleum, Anal. Chem., 1964, V. 11, pp. 938–941, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/AC60078A025

7. Patent RU2014345C1, Method for deasphalting and demetallation of crude oil refining residues, Inventors: Savastano Ch., Chimino R., Meli S.

8. Yurkinskiy V.P., Firsova E.G., Baturova L.P., Corrosion resistance of welded connections of some construction alloys in NaOH melt (In Russ.), Rasplavy = Melts, 2014, no. 4, pp. 52-59.

9. Patent CN1431276A, Method for removing metal from hydrocarbon oil by using inorganic acid, Inventors: Zhenhong Xu, Li Tan, Li Yu.

10. Patent US4522702A, Demetallization of heavy oils with phosphorous acid, Inventros: Kukes S., Battiste D.

11. Issa B., Aleksandrova T.A., Processes of extraction of non-ferrous and precious metals from alternative sources of raw materials, IOP conference series: materials science and engineering, 2019, V. 582(1), DOI: http://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/582/1/012022

12. Yen T.F., Dickie J.P., Vangham J.B., Vanadium complex and porphyrins in asphaltenes, J. Inst. Petrol., 1969, V. 55, pp. 87–99.

13. Milordov D.V., Usmanova G.Sh., M Yakubov.R. et al., Comparative analysis of extractive methods of porphyrin separation from heavy oil asphatenes (In Russ.), Khimiya i tekhnologiya topliv i masel = Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils, 2013, no. 3, pp. 29–33.

14. Mezhdunarodnye podkhody k uglerodnomu tsenoobrazovaniyu (International approaches to carbon pricing),

For the design of basis and foundations of buildings and facilities, soils must meet a number of characteristics defined by the requirements of SP 22.13330.2016. Technical regulations for engineering surveys and design prescribe the determination of soil characteristics by laboratory methods and experimentally – directly in the field. Laboratory soil study is the modeling of natural and man–made processes in a different environment, limited space and with a number of assumptions. Therefore, laboratory conditions do not accurately reproduce natural and man-made environment. This is especially noticeable for soils exploration in hard-to-reach regions of Russia. Field testing of soils is a complex of works that includes research in conditions of natural occurrence of soils using special devices and installations. Accordingly, field methods are more correct and most closely simulate the behavior of loaded foundations with a soil massif. The authors consider the possibility of determining deformation characteristics in a soil massif using the semi-sphere stamp method. Semi-sphere stamp soil testing involves measuring the settlement of a stamp under a constant load. As a part of the project Semi-sphere stamp 1205 cm2, specialists of NK Rosneft-NTC LLC modified a flat stamp with an area of ​​600 cm2 into a semi-sphere stamp of 1205 cm2. Based on design documentation, experimental equipment was manufactured. Comparative analysis of field and laboratory tests showed high convergence of results. According to the results obtained the field test method with a semi-sphere stamp is recommended for determining the deformation characteristics in a soil massif.

The paper is dedicated to the issues of gate valve sealing failure which were observed on pipelines used for transportation of light oil products (gasoline, kerosene, diesel fuel, etc.). The general causes of gate seating failure occur due to the lack of free movement (jamming) in the mounting seat of the shut-off valve body resulting from the presence of finely dispersed inclusions of corrosion products in «seat-body» detachable joints. The paper discusses the results of fault detection in gate valves with an identified gate sealing failure, the results of the analysis of design solutions, and also discusses and analyzes the factors which caused the identified failures. Based on analytical and experimental results described in the paper, measures were developed and implemented to prevent similar gate valve sealing failures in operation at oil product pipelines, including: developing a technology for cleaning mounting surfaces of valve bodies before mounting seats; bench testing of gate valves with protective coating applied in contact areas between the seats and the body; practical testing of the protective coating application technology in real-life operating conditions; replacing existing seats with upgraded ones including a spring pack providing higher pre-pressing of the seats to the gate during medium level repairs.

References

1. Voronov V.I., Flegentov I.A., Zadubrovskaya O.A., Zhevelev O.Yu., Research of metal of shut-off valve and pumping equipment parts after long-term operation

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2019, no. 1, pp. 75–79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-1-75-79

2. Kazantsev M.N., Flegentov I.A., Zhevelev O.Yu., Kvasnyak V.B., Zhukov M.V., Measures for improving the protective qualities of wear-resistant metal coatings in shut-off valves slide gates (In Russ.), Nauka i tehnologii truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i nefteproduktov = Science & Technologies: Oil and Oil Products Pipeline Transportation, 2016, no. 5 (25), pp. 78–83.

3. Zhevelev O.Yu., Flegentov I.A., Comparative analysis of reliability indicators of wear-resistant protective coatings (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 10, pp. 60–63, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-10-60-63

The work is devoted to the actual task of reliability monitoring in hydrocarbon gathering and transportation systems. For field gathering systems transporting mixtures of different composition, the problem of residual life estimation is especially urgent. The article is devoted to models of residual life estimation with application of intelligent models and algorithms. As an example, the results of implementation of the model in the Python software environment for real production systems are presented. The developed model is realized by two interconnected blocks: a block of preliminary processing of data streams coming into the model and a block of machine learning system with the module of data reliability assessment. The system is based on gradient bousting, which is a combined decision tree. The mathematical foundations of the applied clustering algorithm and the basics of validity assessment are presented. A comparative analysis of the results of evaluation using the new model with the known standardized methods on real data is carried out. It is shown that with qualitative preparation of the information the intelligent model makes it possible to obtain more exact results, than known methods and to take into account the production number of factors determining the residual resource of the system. Thus, the new model allows predicting the residual resource with the use of databases of available configuration, which is especially important in the conditions of incomplete information or expansion of databases of monitoring of field systems.

References

1. Lisin I.Yu., Korolenok A.M., Kolotilov Yu.V., System approach to the formation of integrated energy systems on the platform of intelligent information technology solutions (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 3, pp. 36-40, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-3-36-40

2. Anikin I.D., Belostotskiy M.A., Grechishnikov I.M., Korolenok A.M., Intelligent system for managing integral risk and residual resources of linear sections of main pipelines (In Russ.), Tr. RGU nefti i gaza (NITs) imeni I.M. Gubkina = Proceedings of Gubkin University, 2021, no. 3 (304), pp. 59-67,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33285/2073-9028-2021-3(304)-59-67

3. Aksyutin O.E., Aleksandrov A.A., Aleshin A.V. et al., Bezopasnost’ Rossii. Pravovye, sotsial’no-ekonomicheskie i nauchno-tekhnicheskie aspekty. Bezopasnost’ sredstv khraneniya i transporta energoresursov (Security of Russia. Legal, socio-economic and scientific-technical aspects. Security of energy storage and transportation facilities): edited by Makhutov N.A., Moscow: Znanie Publ., 2019, 928 p.

4. Leonovich I.A., Vasil’ev G.G., Comparative study of wall thickness calculation practices for main gas pipelines built from high grade pipes (In Russ.), Gazovaya promyshlennost’, 2023, no. 6(850), pp. 56-64.

5. Vydrenkov A.D., Zemenkova M.Yu., Sravnenie metodik rascheta ostatochnogo resursa sistem sbora na promyslovykh uchastkakh truboprovoda (Comparison of methods for calculating the residual resource of collection systems in industrial sections of the pipeline), Proceedings of International scientific and technical conference, Tyumen, 1–2 June 2023, Tyumen: Publ. of TIU, 2023, pp. 223–226.

6. Brink H., Richards J., Fetherolf M., Real-world machine learning, Manning Publications, 2016, 264 p.

7. Raschka S., Unlock deeper insights into Machine Leaning with this vital guide to cutting-edge predictive analytics, Packt Publishing Ltd, 2015, 454 p.

8. Haykin S., Neural networks: A comprehensive foundation, Prentice-Hall, 1999, 874 p.

9. Zemenkova M.Yu., Chizhevskaya E.L, Zemenkov Yu.D., Intelligent monitoring of the condition of hydrocarbon pipeline transport facilities using neural network technologies (In Russ.), Zapiski Gornogo instituta = Journal of Mining Institute, 2022, V. 258, pp. 933–944, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31897/PMI.2022.105

10. Chizhevskaya E.L., Obukhova A.M., Zemenkova M.Yu., Zemenkov Yu.D., Clustering in the analysis of complex safety and effectiveness of management decisions at various stages of the life cycle of pipeline transport systems (In Russ.), Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov, 2023, no. 6(146), pp. 101–111,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-6-101-111

The review is devoted to the problem of disposal of oil pollution in marine waters by means of microorganisms. There are two main approaches to bioremediation of oil-contaminated waters: biostimulation of indigenous microbiota by introducing mineral or organic components in sufficient concentration and bioaugmentation - additional introduction of microorganisms in various forms, in particular, the use of biopreparations that effectively dispose hydrocarbons, moreover, a combination of these methods is possible. Particular attention is paid to the technological form of microbial preparations as one of the most important factors influencing the success of bioremediation: currently available forms of preparations require optimisation in order to increase their efficiency - it is important to provide the possibility of introducing microorganisms directly into hydrocarbon-contaminated water areas. Some currently available versions of preparations, their advantages and limitations of application, results of studies on evaluation of microorganisms efficiency for hydrocarbon disposal are considered. The need for potential expansion of the range of biopreparations is discussed, including their use in specific conditions, for example, in the Arctic seas characterised by low average annual temperatures. Despite the difficult conditions under which hydrocarbon biodegradation takes place, there is currently a wealth of data on microorganisms suitable for use in such biopreparations.

References

1. Chuah L.F., Chew K.W., Bokhari A. et al., Biodegradation of crude oil in seawater by using a consortium of symbiotic bacteria, Environ. Res., 2022, V. 213,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2022.113721

2. Crisafi F., Genovese M., Smedile F. et al., Bioremediation technologies for polluted seawater sampled after an oil-spill in Taranto Gulf (Italy): A comparison of biostimulation, bioaugmentation and use of a washing agent in microcosm studies, Mar. Pollut., 2016. V. 106 (1-2), pp. 119–126, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.03.017

3. Rosenberg E., Biosurfactants. The Prokaryotes. A handbook on the biology of bacteria: edited by Dworkin M., Vol 1, New York: Springer Science+Business Media, 2006, pp. 834–849.

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7. Adams G.O., Fufeyin P.T., Okoro S.E., Ehinomen I., Bioremediation, biostimulation and bioaugmention: a review, Int. J. Environ. Bioremediat. Biodegrade, 2015, V. 3 (1), pp. 28–39, DOI: http://doi.org/10.12691/ijebb-3-1-5

8. Lim M.W., Von Lau E., Poh P.E., A comprehensive guide of remediation technologies for oil contaminated soil – Present works and future directions, Mar. Pollut. Bull., 2016, V. 109(1), pp. 14–45, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.04.023

9. Baniasadi M., Mousavi S.M., A comprehensive review on the bioremediation of oil spills, Microbial action on hydrocarbons, In: Microbial Action on Hydrocarbons: edited by Kumar V., Kumar M., Prasad R., Springer, Singapore, 2018, pp. 223–254.

10. Zahed M.A., Aziz H.A., Isa M.H. et al., Effect of initial oil concentration and dispersant on crude oil biodegradation in contaminated seawater, Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 2010, V. 84, pp. 438–442, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-010-9954-7

11. Xia W.X., Li J.C., Zheng X.L. et al., Enhanced biodegradation of diesel oil in seawater supplemented with nutrients, Eng. Life Sci., 2006, V. 6 (1), pp. 80–85,

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V. 30, no. 6, pp. 734–742, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbt.2013.06.005

13. Koren O., Knezevic V., Ron E.Z., Rosenberg E., Petroleum pollution bioremediation using water-insoluble uric acid as the nitrogen source, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2003, V. 69 (10), pp. 6337–6339, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.69.10.6337-6339.2003

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