Key words: innovative development, production potential, unconventional resources, advanced and new technologies, research and development activities, pilot projects.

The accumulated cutting edge IOCs experience is being adapted and deployed by Russian national oil companies what creates a solid fundamental technology base for own approach to exploit oil resources.

Key words: company assets, performance management, management system, planning.

Transition from the ‘resource management’ definition use towards the ‘asset management’ definition use is due to the increasing importance of integrated management system development, which would be focused on the organizational effectiveness growth as organization management quality results into the overall performance of a company and its strategic goals completion. It is necessary to optimize the management structure constantly along with the enhancement of process management and integration of newly acquired assets in order to increase the organizational effectiveness.

Key words: R&D, innovation development, knowledge management, technological management, centers of excellence, motivation, system.

In order to maintain long-term competitive advantage Gazprom Neft JSC places a big emphasis on implementing innovative technology solutions and realizing organizational and process improvements. A structured innovation management plan, which is aimed at further improving Company’s technological level, has been developed and is currently being implemented with the following key components: technology management system, knowledge management system, regional centers of excellence, professional development center, innovation motivation system. All these efforts are the part of Gazprom Neft JSC Innovation development program and are aligned with Gazprom Neft JCS Strategy. 

Key words: cost engineering, cost estimation, cost control, cost data.

The paper describes results of the development of cost engineering in Gazprom Neft. Analysis of the global experience reveals best practices of cost engineering in areas of cost estimation, cost control and cost data management. Approbation of the best practices in Gazprom Neft key assets has shown significant potential for further developing cost engineering in Gazprom Neft. As a result a road map of development of cost engineering was formed. It includes organizational change, improving cost estimating, cost control procedures and creating of cost data management.

Key words: Achimov formation, clinoform complex, fondoform, depocenter

Key words: Yamal-Gydan syneclise, Enisei-Khatangsky rift, Nurminskiy megaswell, Neocomian, petroleum potential.

In this paper authors present a relatively new conceptual view on the geological structure and evolution of the northern territories of Yamal, including the Kara Sea. In fact – this is the stage of the formulation of the problem, or definition of directions of study and geological modeling of the region.

Key words: the Bazhenov formation, Jurassic complex, active folds in geodynamic plane, faults of shear nature, SubUral package of power meridians.

Well productivity in the sediments of the Bazhenov Formation varies considerably, but this process is independent of the lithotypes of the Bazhenov Formation. In the conceptual model of the Palyanovskoye deposit, oil reserves are associated with the major active folds in geodynamic plane and controlled by geodynamic active diagonally oriented, relatively young faults of shear nature of the main North-East-trending and also North-West-trending.

Key words: seismic inversion, neocomian lenses, Western Siberia.

This work is devoted to the seismic model construction of sand lenses in Neocomian complex (Western Siberia) made by seismic inversion. An integrated approach of defining sand body’s geometry is presented by combining data from different inversions.

Key words: reservoir, well survey, reservoir properties, reservoir criteria, the structure of the pore space.

Cross section of tsarichanskoye field in the gross interval of the Dkt productive strata refers to the complex type. This is associated with abnormal rock radioactivity, complex material composition, strong lateral variability of the section, the presence of mixed-layers clay in the section. The combination of all these factors creates a serious problem in the interpretation of the lithological composition of the rocks, forming the strata, reservoirs separation according to well survey data. To solve this problem the well survey materials, laboratory core studies, field-geophysical studies and also the experience of experts, studying the given problem, were used.

Key words: well engineering, placing oil bushes, integrated design, conceptual design, complex design.

The article presents the experience of using complexity solution to conceptual engineering for development Messoyahskoye and Novoportovskoye fields at Gazprom Neft. Highlighted the importance of well construction phase and justified its significance growing due to technology development, increasing volume of "difficult reservoirs", high risks and etc.

Key words: hard to recover oil reserves, new technologies, increase in efficiency, involvement in the development, horizontal wells with multi-stage hydraulic fracturing, reduction of risks.

Implementation of new technologies is a key to involve ultralow permeability hydrocarbon reserves. One of the most economically effective techniques is to drill horizontal wells with multi-stage hydraulic fracturing. Currently Gazprom Neft is actively implementing this technology, over 130 multi-stage jobs performed, resulting practical experience can effectively replicate the technology on all subsidiary divisions.

Key words: hydraulic fracturing, deformation of wellbore patterns, field development system selection

In this paper we propose a new semi-analytical approach to the description of flow to a vertical well with hydraulic fracturing in field development system with pressure maintenance. We take into account different flow regimes, which is especially important in the development of low permeability reservoirs.

Key words: oil rims, critical production rate, horizontal wells, optimal well spacing.

The paper describes the novel method to estimate cost effective oil thickness for oil rims and oil reservoirs with gas cap. The method is bases on analytic solutions for critical well oil production rate (critical – without production of breakthrough gas) during early regime of vertical displacement and late regime of gravity drainage. Based on the analytic solution, we propose a dimensionless technic and economic parameters that determine optimal, that maximize Net Present Value, well spacing. The dimensionless parameters include oil thickness, permeability, oil density, initial and residual oil saturations, well costs, oil prices. Given optimal well spacing, we propose an analytic criterion of estimation of cost-effective thickness.

Key words: reservoir properties, the percolation theory, percolating cluster, connectivity factor, percolation threshold.

The principles of obtaining basic petrophysical models of reservoir properties present in the article. The reservoir is represented as a percolation lattice with a random elements reflecting connectedness of pore space in rocks.

The formalization of the system model, reflecting pores connectivity, is made. Previously obtained computer simulation materials in order to obtain simple universal mathematical laws, on the base of which it is possible to create generalized petrophysical models of reservoir properties, are reviewed. Scaling of model elements is carried out.

Key words: complexly constructed carbonate field, development optimization, the conceptual model, fracturing, bituminosity.

A multidisciplinary approach to the creation of the conceptual geological model of the Eastern section of the Orenburg oil and gas condensate field, on the basis of which the optimization of the field development was carried out, is presented. Thanks to successful implementation of the newest technologies the researches, allowing to make important conclusions about the structure of the field, were executed.

Key words: hierarchy of geological and simulation models, integrated modeling, conceptual model, optimization calculations, calculation of the optimal development pattern design.

The huge volume of analyzed data, as well as a wide range of uncertainties in geology, engineering, developing, and the economy makes it difficult multivariate calculation of simulation models for large fields. It should be remembered that the mapping of geological heterogeneity is a fundamental aspect in predicting the behavior of the productive intervals. The paper presents the methodology of defining the concept of field development, maximizing economic benefits. In the first stage, a preliminary feasibility study for the possible development systems was made, which showed that the greatest economic potential have a horizontal wells development pattern. In the second stage key parameters row system development were identified. At the third stage priority zones were delineated that are involved in the development in the first place. At the fourth step optimal profile and oil based fluids is determined taking into account infrastructure limitations.

Key words: chemical advanced recovery methods, alkaline -surfactant - polymer flooding, anionic surfactants , adsorption , phase transitions, adsorption isotherms.

Complex technology of alkaline- surfactant - polymer flooding is currently one of the most effective chemical advanced recovery methods. The losses of surfactant due to adsorption processes are related to significant risks in the commercial realization of this technology. Proper setting of experiments, the qualitative interpretation of their results, followed by modeling is one of the most important tasks at the design and optimization of alkaline- surfactant - polymer flooding for specific field conditions. A complex of experiments aimed at studying the adsorption processes in a given range of concentrations of surfactants on the sand packed tube, prepared from crushed core material of AC₁₁ reservoir of West Salymskoye field, is carried out. The main current tasks are statistical material exploratory work on the adsorption of surfactants on the rock, determination of the shape of the adsorption isotherms at different concentrations of salt, soda and polymer, search reagents to reduce the adsorption processes in the rock, interpreting the results by mathematical modeling methods.

Key words: hydrate, well extraction, complications, underground equipment, algorithm.

The developed algorithm allows to calculate the depth of hydrate flowing wells according to the well design, reservoir characteristics, mode of operation of the well and the physical and chemical properties, as well as the depth of hydrate mechanized wells into account the characteristics of ESP.

Key words: Energy Management System, energy performance, energy policy, energy planning, energy review.

For further developing energy efficiency program and taking long-term competitive advantage Gazprom Neft (upstream) needs in building energy management system according to ISO 5001:2011. Energy management through a well-structured ‘energy management system’ (EnMS) ensures that energy issues are properly taken into consideration in all aspects of the industry’s activities. There are the following elements: energy policy, energy planning, Implementation and operation, Checking. EnMS helps Gazprom Neft in taking new quality level of developing energy efficiency. 

Key words: artificial lift, system development assets management, automation, business processes.

The article presents an integrated solutions generator for the further well operations (optimization, lift method shift, EOR intensification, use of chemicals, transfer to another well stock) based on the ongoing well operation analysis, equipment and field production studies. The system provides solutions to increase production and reduce costs by which management is still ready to endorse a conclusion. The development strategy of Gazprom Neft as one of the leaders of the oil industry has set a rather ambitious task, which in turn puts forward specific requirements on the terms and quality of automation of the most actual goals of Upstream. Introduction of ready-made IT solutions that have shown to be effective in other oil companies is justified in the initial period, at the moment does not provide the proper rate of development of IT architecture, up to dynamics of company development. Accordingly, it is essential to aware how the key business objectives of the Company are supported by the available units of IT solutions and how information flows between used IT solutions support the existing business regulations.

Key words: sensitivity analysis, production profile, interpolation scheme

The work presented in the paper is on business planning and economics of oil and gas fields development projects. A method of formal description of a production profile and a method of sensitivity analysis of economic performance factors and technological parameters to the shape of the profile are developed. The shape of the profile is described by a simple analytical function depending on three parameters characterizing production growth and decline, peak production. This analytical description provides an ability to systematically change the shape of the profile and thus an ability to calculate economic parameters such as the net present value or technological parameters for shape changed profiles. The calculated set of economic and technological parameters paves a way to simplified computations of these parameters for production profiles of more or less arbitrary shapes which were not included in the initial set of profiles. Alternatively the methods presented in the paper allow one to choose the shape of the production profile which would generate given economic performance. The methods could be used to improve quality of business planning and to reduce its cost.

Key words: resources, reserves, wells, geological survey works, increment, deposit, efficiency, integrated geological and geophysical analysis.

The stages of prospecting and exploration of oil deposits at the territory of eastern regions of the Republic of Tatarstan and the efficiency of geological survey works are considered. At the present stage to solve the problem of further petroleum reserves increment low-cost "light" geophysical and geochemical methods and integrated geological and geophysical analysis data are involved. As a result, the efficiency of exploration drilling is significantly improved, a significant increase of reserves of industrial category С₁, the estimated category С₂ and resources С₃ is obtained.

Key words: oil and gas reservoir, seismic, pockets of geodynamics, faults, destruction zone, fracture, fractal.

The features of the geological structure of separate deposits Frolovskaya oil and gas field in Western Siberia. Based on a complex analysis of seismic, well testing data and core descriptions proposed fractal model of prolific areas related to the activity of local areas of geodynamics. The main way of exploration of such hydrocarbon deposits is a 3D-seismic survey in conjunction with the field and core research.

Moscow: GEOS Publ., 1998, pp. 274-276. 

Key words: carbonate deposits, lithotype, collector, correlation.

This paper examines the impact of lithologic and sedimentary structure of the carbonate reservoir at its permeability and reservoir properties. On the basis of lithological and petrographic descriptions the author selected two lithological types that differ in structure and character of the carbonate grains of the hollow space. It is also an assessment of the lithotypes allocated using geophysical data.

Key words: detailed correlation, facies, HFU, geomodel.

The authors analized four methods for describing reservoir based on tasks and data set available. Studies could include detailed correlation, petrophysics and necessary assumptions.

Key words: Bazhenov Formation, thermal-gas treatment, oxygen-containing mixture injection, kerogen, miscible drive, enhanced oil recovery.

In this paper we present new Russian oil-recovery method for exploiting the Bazhenov Formation’s deposits, which is based on the integration of the thermal and gas reservoir treatment. This method is carried out by the injection of the oxygen-containing mixture and its spontaneous exothermic oxidation reactions in situ. Based on the aggregation of long-term research it was established that such complex treatment, firstly, allows to increase dramatically oil recovery from the drained carbonate hydrophobic interlayers due to the effective displacing agent’s generation, and secondly, provides bringing into development the non-drained argillaceous-kerogenic interlayers due to their controlled heating from the drained interlayers, and at last thirdly, provides additional hydrocarbon recovery from the kerogen due to its cracking and pyrolysis. The results of the first phase of field tests in the pilot of the Sredne-Nazymskoye field (Bazhenov Formation) not only proved in principle the possibility of the new technology’s field implementation, but also confirmed main science-based positive effects of the thermal-gas treatment of the Bazhenov Formation’s deposits. It is established that this new technology is able to provide the value of oil recovery an order of magnitude greater than the depletion drive.

Key words: carbonate reservoir, spot waterflooding, permeability, recovery, hydrodynamic interaction, acid treatment, near-wellbore zone, well re-perforation, diversion to injection.

The authors analyzed efficiency of reserves development and identified peak value residue stock zones. Estimated potential of put into production for approx. 500 transition wells never exploited for Turnaisian layers. Through thorough analysis of result of well tests current injection zones and injection test area determined effects of injection wells on production wells which is 350m away. The article identifies most efficient treatment technique: acid treatments, re-perforation combined with acid and polymer reservoir isolation treatment. On the basis of idle wells the authors formed program of well diversion onto production and injection well stock.

Key words: relative phase permeability, capillary pressure curve, Leverett function, connate water saturation, critical water saturation, residual oil saturation, transition zone, reservoir simulation.

The article reviews the application of various methods to assign initial distribution of water and oil and their end points. A new method to justify capillary pressure curves is proposed for reservoir simulation modeling. It is demonstrated that the application of different methods to justify initial distribution of fluids and their mobility has a significant impact on calculation of development parameters.

Key words: statistical analysis core, surface wettability, hydrophobic, hydrophilic, disjoining pressure, ion activity.

On a representative statistical material the author analyzed the influence of formation waters chemical composition on the wettability of the productive rocks. Wettability of the cores was determined by the productive objects OST 39-180-85. To explain the experimental evidence used coagulation DLVO theory. Wettability alteration in the hydrophobic side is due to the destruction of the water film. Stability of the film depends on salinity, pH and the specific activity of positive and negative ions. Found that divalent metal ions and non-chlorine and bromine reduced stability of the water film and the ions are anions may manifest itself as stabilizers, and water layer destructors.

Key words: salinity, permeability, core, injection water, water compatibility, reservoir pressure maintenance.

In the development of deposits of carbon materials with maintaining reservoir pressure, killing the well with the current and capital repairs of water solutions necessary to study the effect of salinity of the water used on the permeability of the reservoir. In this regard, the paper presents the results of these studies on the example of the core samples of Verhne- Shapshinkoye deposit.

Key words: sucker rods, fatigue, brought stress by A.S. Virnovsky, modified Goodman diagram.

The subject of this work is a fast method of calculations of the admissible brought stress values by A.S. Virnovsky (the sucker rod strength unit by the GOST R 51161 standard) for sucker rods of sucker rod pumping units. The results are equation solvings to determine requisite value. This method is reasonable to use at the calculations of the admissible brought stress for new sucker rods instead of long term field trials. Due to this described method it has first got the admissible brought stress values for sucker rods of Ochersky machine-building factory. Those values are recommended for oil field practice. It has developed crossplatform software implementing described calculation method.

Key words: well pad pump station (WPPS), specific energy consumption decrease, determination of the optimum structure of pump units, lower intrinsic curve method.

Maintenance of reservoir pressure is one of the most power-consuming processes in petroleum engineering, where the main consumers are pump units at well pad pump stations. The article specifies a procedure to determine the optimum structure of WPPS pump units to ensure the optimum structure and the priority for switch pumps on/off at minimum energy consumption to water pumping, if the scheduled assignment volume is updated.

Key words: data mining, diagnostics, forecasting, oilfield equipment, neural networks, genetic algorithms.

The article describes an evolutionary approach to artificial neural network (NN) training, which is used to determine the state of oil-production equipment. A new artificial NN weight coefficient coding method using multi-chromosomes is proposed. The genetic operators of crossingover and mutation applied to multi-chromosomes are examined. A genetic algorithm structure of artificial NN training is proposed based on the developed genetic operators. A comparison of the proposed approach to NN training with existing ones has been carried out.

Key words: automatization, repair, repair unit, oil, gaz, software.

The automated control system repairs engineering preparation was designed for Gazprom Centrremont LLC. Today, the system collects the final versions of the documents , encodes it provides coordination and leads card documentation for a single form . Server at the same time set up to work as a data source for external systems when opened in supervisory control system maintenance and repair. The system makes it possible to associate the technical documentation and objects (units, subassemblies, parts and so on) from different directories. It is provided through business process Gazenergoservis.

 

Key words: deposits of asphaltenes, resins, and paraffins; asphaltene, resin and paraffine wastes (ARPW); disposal of ARPW; oil slurry treatment.

Study is devoted to the analysis the ways of asphaltene, resin and paraffine wastes (ARPW) disposal. It is shown that there are two main approaches to the disposal of ARPW – their neutralization and recycling. Neutralization of ARPW (which is usually performed by the means of biotechnologies or thermal treatment of waste) is less preferred since valuable hydrocarbon component of ARPW, which could be used as a secondary raw material, is lost during this approach. It was found that there is a number of technologies for processing ARPW, allowing the use of their resource potential, the most promising of which include: production of bitumen , waterproofing coatings, lubricants, fuel briquettes, liquid fuels, technical deasphalted oils and waxes, as well as the use of ARPW in the function of the co-fuel.

The algorithm of study and choice of processing technology to produce ARPW commercial products, including a number of interrelated steps, was created. The algorithm was tested on a sample of one of oil producing companies in the Perm region.