Nowadays due to the depletion of hydrocarbon reserves, special attention is paid to complex carbonate reservoirs. For the correct assessment of recoverable hydrocarbon reserves in such reservoirs, a highly detailed geological model is used. This article presents geological modeling results of a complex carbonate reservoir. The target object is characterized by extremely high lateral and vertical heterogeneity: unstable reservoir properties, lithological variability and the complex structure of a void space, which includes pores, fractures and vugs. In order to minimize geological modeling uncertainties, an integrated analysis of all available geological and geophysical data was used in the work. This data includes research results of: outcrops, seismic survey, standard well logging, сross-dipole acoustic logging, formation micro scanning, well testing, mud logging, production logging tests and core sampling. This detailed and comprehensive analysis has helped integrate the entire volume of different scale data, therefore providing a more complete understanding of the distribution patterns of fluid flow and reservoir properties across different reservoir types. The proposed approach has enabled the creation of a geological model, which can replicate actual oil production data. Such results indicate that the final geological model accurately represents the object’s properties, and can be used to forecast oil production calculations of a complex carbonate reservoir.

References

1. Zakrevskiy K.E., Kundin A.S., Osobennosti geologicheskogo 3D modelirovaniya karbonatnykh i treshchinnykh rezervuarov (Features of 3D geological modeling of carbonate and fractured reservoirs), Moscow: Belyy Veter Publ., 2016, 404 p.

2. Kozyaev A.A., Shchukovskiy R.M., Zakrevskiy K.E., Modelirovanie treshchinovatosti. Praktikum po DFN v Petrel 2016-2019 (Fracture modeling. DFN Workshop at Petrel 2016-2019), Moscow: Publ. of MAI, 2019, 96 p.

3. Trunova A.A., Grebenyuk A.A., Karimova K.K. et al., Metodika postroeniya geologicheskoy modeli dvoynoy sredy. Neopredelennosti v otsenke ob"ema treshchinovatogo kollektora i puti resheniya (Methodology for constructing a geological model of a dual environment. Uncertainties in estimating the volume of a fractured reservoir and solutions), Proceedings of the 9th thematic conference “Karbonatnye i treshchinno-karbonatnye rezervuary-2023” (Carbonate and fractured carbonate reservoirs-2023), Moscow: Publ. of EAGO, 2023, URL: https://eago.ru/f/karimova_igirgi_tezisy_kr2023.pdf

4. Troitskaya E.E., Fadeeva O.O., Alferova T.Yu. et al., Prognoz treshchinovatosti raznomasshtabnymi geologogeofizicheskimi metodami (Forecast of fracturing by multi-scale geological and geophysical methods), Proceedings of the 9th thematic conference “Karbonatnye i treshchinno-karbonatnye rezervuary-2023” (Carbonate and fractured carbonate reservoirs-2023), Moscow: Publ. of EAGO, 2023, URL: https://eago.ru/f/troickaya_igirgi_tezisy_kr2023.pdf

5. Schoenberg M., Sayers C.M., Seismic anisotropy of fractured rock, Geophysics, 1995, V. 60(1), pp. 204–2011, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1190/1.1443748

In old oil-producing provinces such as Samara region, characterized by a high degree of geological and geophysical knowledge, the issue of replenishing the resource base is especially relevant. This is due, on the one hand, to the depleting reserves of long-discovered and developed deposits, and, on the other, to the low chances of discovering new large accumulations. There is a need to reduce financial costs for geological exploration, which can quite realistically be achieved by conducting additional study of already discovered and developed oil deposits that were put on the balance sheet with a conditional calculation level, in other words, deposits in which the oil-water contact level has not been exposed by any well. A well-formed database of filling coefficients, combined with the identified main dependencies of various levels of occupancy of traps, will make it possible to identify priority objects for additional study with potential prospects for lowering the levels of oil-water contacts in certain fields. Another aspect of the work being carried out is the identification of key factors affecting oil systems in the process of their accumulation and preservation, with the aim of subsequently creating local probabilistic and statistical models of oil and gas content, capable of dividing promising objects into water- or oil-saturated ones in the studied area.

References

1. Kontorovich A.E., Demin V.I., Strakhov I.A., The law of the «geological exploration filter» in the search for hydrocarbon deposits (In Russ.), Sovetskaya geologiya, 1987, no. 6, pp. 6–13.

2. Kontorovich A.E., Demin V.I., Strakhov I.A., Patterns of identification of oil and gas deposits with different reserves in oil and gas basins (In Russ.), Geologiya i geofizika, 1985, no. 11, pp. 3–16.

3. Dolson J., The basics of traps, seals, reservoirs and shows, In: Understanding Oil and Gas Shows and Seals in the Search for Hydrocarbons, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2016, pp. 47-90, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29710-1_2

4. Shadrin A.O., Krivoshchekov S.N., Prediction of oil occurrence using structural parameters of YuS1 reservoir in the northern part of Surgut Arch: development of probabilistic-statistical models (In Russ.), Geologiya nefti i gaza = Oil and gas geology, 2022, no. 2, pp. 53–65, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31087/0016-7894-2022-2-53-65

5. Krivoshchekov S.N., Galkin V.I., Volkova V.S., Development of a probabilistic-statistical method for forecasting the oil and gas potential of structures (In Russ.), Neftepromyslovoe delo, 2010, no. 7, pp. 28–31.

The problem of forecasting areas of increased fractures deals with exploration, drilling and development of hydrocarbon fields, since fractures largely determine the filtration-capacity properties of the reservoir. Core studies are used as direct methods for assessing fracturing, and geophysical and hydrodynamic well studies are used as indirect methods. The relevance of the development of fracture prediction technology is determined by the fact that direct methods of research and well testing do not allow identification of fracturing in the interwell space and in the entire area of research. The article considers the technology of fracture prediction based on the geomechanical method. This technology has been successfully tested at several fields in Russia. It is based on the assumption that fracture localization is determined by the strain field using a computational parameter – fracture intensity, which is expressed through the volume and shear strain invariants. The computational characteristic allows constructing a cube of fracture intensity and determines the preferential direction of fracture spreading. To use the proposed approach, 3D seismic data and data on mechanical properties (Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio), density and Bio-coefficient of rocks are required. Using fracture localization technology, fracture intensity maps were constructed for two fields in Russia. A good correlation of the calculated characteristic of fracture intensity and productivity index was obtained.

References

1. Yalaev T.R., Kanevskaya R.D., Rebetskiy Yu.L. et al., Prediction of fractured zones in the rocks based on calculation of deformations (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 11, pp. 98-102, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2021-11-98-102

2. Blot M.A., General theory of three dimensional consolidation, Journal of Applied Physics, 1941, V. 12, no. 2, pp. 155-164, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1712886

3. Gallagher R.H., Finite element analysis: Fundamentals, Pearson College Div., 1975, 420 p.

4. Zienkiewicz O., The finite element method in engineering science, London; New York: McGraw-Hill, 1971, 521 p.

5. Fadeev A.B., Metod konechnykh elementov v geomekhanike (Finite element method in geomechanics), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1987, 221 p

6. Kudinov V.A., Tekhnicheskaya termodinamika i teploperedacha (Technical thermodynamics and heat transfer), Moscow: Yurayt Publ., 2019, 454 p.

7. Papadopoulos P., Introduction to the finite element method, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, 2010, 204 p.

The article is devoted to studying filtration processes of the drilling mud when developing oil wells at the Western Siberia fields. Previously, filtration logging was used as the filtration processes assessment to delineate the permeable beds, while now filtration processes are being assessed for the whole of a well to regulate the required volumes of drilling muds and the flow rate of chemicals. This work is biased towards to the effect of filtration processes on stability of the well walls. Depending on the configuration of a drilling rig, the options for assessing filtration processes are demonstrated both across the well in general, and by drilling intervals. The examples for assessment of the same filtration with different specific loss factors are provided; recommendations for the use of these factors are given. With regards to the studied field, the intervals with increased filtration are delineated, which coincide with the formations traditionally being the foci characterized by high collapse risks. This coincidence allowed for establishing the correlation between the well walls stability loss and filtration processes. In addition, it was determined that filtration continues after achieving the target bottom hole level, therewith the filtration intensity of the drilling mud during non-deepening works was consistent with the filtration intensity during percussing. In order to explain this effect, the drilling mud filtration hypothesis was formulated, also for the performance of non-deepening works. To test this hypothesis, the laboratory studies were carried out. Based on the obtained results the measures were developed and the pilot tests were carried out successfully.

References

1. Chekalin L.M., Gazovyy karotazh skvazhin i geologicheskaya interpretatsiya ego rezul'tatov (Gas well logging and geological interpretation of its results), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1965, 115 p.

2. Cheremisinov O.A., K otsenke skorosti proniknoveniya zhidkosti v plast pod dolotom. V kn. Neftepromyslovaya geokhimiya (voprosy gazovogo karotazha) (On the assessment of the rate of fluid penetration into the formation under the bit. In the book Oilfield Geochemistry (Gas Logging Issues)), Moscow: Publ. of ONTI VNIIYaGG, 1965, pp. 8-11.

3. Luk'yanov E.E., Sauley V.I., Tolstolytkin I.P., Study of the geological section of wells during drilling (In Russ.), Burenie, 1974, no. 1, pp. 5–9.

4. Evmenova D.M., El'tsov I.N., Golikov N.A., Experimental study of the formation of a mud cake and its characteristics on the example of the Jurassic oil reservoir (In Russ.), Interekspo Geo-Sibir', 2022, pp. 61–67, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33764/2618-981X-2022-2-2-61-67

5. Yudakov V.S., Dekanoidze E.M., Mukhtarov M.Sh., Study of drilling mud filtrate influence on strength performance of rocks (In Russ.), Mezhdunarodnyy nauchno-issledovatel'skiy zhurnal, 2020, no. 7, pp. 125–129, DOI: https://doi.org/10.23670/IRJ.2020.97.7.019

6. Levinson L.M., Agzamov F.A., Konesev V.G., Mukhametov F.Kh., Tekhnologiya bureniya gorizontal'nykh skvazhin (Horizontal well drilling technology), Ufa: Monografiya Publ., 2019, 318 p.

7. Ruzhnikov A.G., Methods of fluid loss measurement while drilling lithified shale deposits (In Russ.), Arctic Environmental Research, 2014, no. 2, pp. 41–44.

8. Ryazanov Ya.A., Entsiklopediya po burovym rastvoram (Encyclopedia of drilling fluids), Orenburg: Letopis' Publ., 2005, 664 p.

9. Caenn R., Darley H.C.H, Gray G., Composition and properties of drilling and completion fluids, Cambridge, MA: Gulf Professional Publ., 2017, 729 p.

10. Blinov P.A., Determining the stability of the borehole walls at drilling intervals of loosely coupled rocks considering zenith angle (In Russ.), Zapiski Gornogo instituta, 2019, V. 236, pp. 172–179, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31897/PMI.2019.2.172

11. Agzamov F.A., Kondrashev O.F., Komleva S.F., Necessity of the reservoir properties accountancy in the selection of agents and adjusters of drilling and cement fluids filtration characteristics (In Russ.), Georesursy, 2012, no. 3(45), pp. 55–61.

12. Safiullin I.R., Volkov M.G., Voloshin A.I. et al., Influence of suspended solid particles in injected water on reservoir properties of low-permeability formations (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 2, pp. 84–88, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-2-84-88

13. Pomerants L.I., Gazovyy karotazh (Gas logging), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1982, 240 p.

14. Luk'yanov E.E., Strel'chenko V.V., Geologo-tekhnologicheskie issledovaniya v protsesse bureniya (Geological and technological research during drilling), Moscow: Neft' i gaz Publ., 1977, 688 p.

The paper presents a method for characterizing well sections using classification and clustering methods based on geological, geomechanical, and petrophysical parameters. The results obtained can assist in predicting development indicators in unexplored drilling areas of oil field and aid in selecting technologies for geological and technical activities. The study focuses on eight formations of Achimov deposits found in wells of the Priobskoye field. These formations have a complex mineral composition, low filtration capacity, and poor reservoir connectivity. Based on geophysical and laboratory core material studies, the authors calculated the filtration and capacity properties, brittleness index, and mineral macro components. These values helped to determine the integral characteristics of each well, including the thickness of the collector intervals and average filtration and capacity properties. The geological marking is determined based on expert assessment of the sedimentary facies. Long short-term memory (LSTM) neural networks were used to solve the classification problem. The machine learning methods identified most of the classes that correspond to the boundaries of the facies zones identified by the expert. Unsupervised k-means clustering was performed using integral characteristics of the section with weights. This allows for predicting facies of sedimentation areas. The Achimov formation reservoirs were classified based on well data from the Priobskoye oil field, taking into account their distinct geological and production characteristics.

References

1. Kalmykov G.A., Metodika opredeleniya mineral'no-komponentnogo sostava terrigennykh porod v razrezakh neftegazovykh skvazhin po dannym kompleksa GIS, vklyuchayushchego spektrometricheskiy GK (Methodology for determining the mineral-component composition of terrigenous rocks in oil and gas well sections based on data from a complex of geophysical well studies, including spectrometric gamma-ray logging): thesis of candidate of technical science, Moscow, 2001.

2. Nadezhdin O.V., Elkibaeva G.G., Shagimardanova L.R. et al., Peculiarities of building volume mineralogical model for rocks with complex component composition (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 5, pp. 36-40, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-5-36-41

3. Paatero P., Tapper U., Positive matrix factorization: A non-negative factor model with optimal utilization of error estimates of data values, Environmetrics, 1994, V. 5,

no. 2, pp. 111–126, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ENV.3170050203

4. Merkulov V.P., Posysoev A.A., Otsenka plastovykh svoystv i operativnyy analiz karotazhnykh diagramm (Evaluation of reservoir properties and operational analysis of well logs), Tomsk: Publ. of TPU, 2004, 176 p.

5. Hochreiter S., Schmidhuber J., Long short-term memory, Neural computation, 1997, no. 9, pp. 1735-1780, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1162/neco.1997.9.8.1735

6. Gorban A.N., Zinovyev A.Y., Principal graphs and manifolds, In: Handbook of research on machine learning applications and trends: Algorithms, methods and techniques, 2009, pp. 28-59.

7. Vorontsov K.V., Lektsii po algoritmam klasterizatsii i mnogomernogo shkalirovaniya (Lectures on clustering and multidimensional scaling algorithms), 2007.

URL: htpp: // www.ccas.ru/voron/download/Clustering.pdf

8. Sergeychev A.V., Toropov K.V., Antonov M.S. et al., Automated intelligent assistant in the selection of well placement when developing hard-to-recover reserves (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 10, pp. 76-81, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-10-76-81

A deposit has been discovered in a poorly explored area, the main part of sedimentary cover of which consists of Paleozoic and Mesozoic rock formations. During the exploration well drilling, the commercial oil content of three strata, including a Cenomanian carbonate formation, has been confirmed. While conducting a joint analysis of core data, well logging, and field studies, factors associated with geological heterogeneity and sedimentary cyclicity have been identified. The integration of well logging surveys and core research data made it possible to substantiate the prospects of productive formations of a poorly studied deposit located within the Arabian Plate. Four petroclasses have been identified, based on the size and type of void space. The petroclass unites rocks characterized by a ratio of porosity and permeability comparable to the conditions of sedimentation and processes of secondary transformations.The most prospective intervals for commercial oil production are those associated with petroclasses 1, 2, and 4, located in the upper portion of the targeted formation. The electric microimager allowed for a detailed intra-layer analysis, confirming the plane-parallel layering. A complex of nuclear magnetic logging, gamma-gamma lithodensity, acoustic and neutron logging allow for the identification of petroclasses within the section based on research data obtained from open holes and the use of various correlations to predict the permeability and productivity of carbonate formations.

References

1. Murris R.J., The Middle East: stratigraphic evolution and oil habitat, American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, 1980, V. 64, pp. 597–618, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1306/2F91980F-16CE-11D7-8645000102C1865D

2. Privalova O.R., Taygina M.E., Asylgareev I.N., Ispol'zovanie vysokotekhnologichnykh geofizicheskikh metodov issledovaniy skvazhin dlya otsenki potentsiala karbonatnoy pachki v usloviyakh nizkoy izuchennosti (na primere blizhnevostochnogo mestorozhdeniya) (Using high-tech geophysical well survey methods to assess the potential of a carbonate pack in conditions of low exploration (using a Middle East field as an example)), Proceedings of symposium “Novaya tekhnika i tekhnologii GIS dlya neftegazovoy promyshlennosti” (New equipment and technologies for geophysical well logging for the oil and gas industry), Ufa: Novtek Biznes Publ., 2023, pp. 81–92.

3. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po podschetu zapasov nefti i gaza ob’emnym metodom. Otsenka kharaktera nasyshchennosti po dannym GIS (Guidelines for the calculation of reserves of oil and gas by volumetric method. Assessment of the nature of saturation according to well logging): edited by Petersil’e V.I., Poroskun V.I., Yatsenko G.G., Moscow – Tver: Publ. of VNIGNI, 2003, 261 p.

4. Suleymanov D.D., Rykus M.V., The depositional settings and the hydrocarbon potential of the Neotethys passive continental margin (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2023, V. 21, no. 6, DOI: http://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2023-6-27-42.

5. Coates G.R., Xiao L., Prammer M.G., NMR logging principles and applications, Houston: Hullibarton Energy Services, 1999.

6. Tiab D., Donaldson E C., Petrophysics: theory and practice of measuring reservoir rock and fluid transport, Elsevier Inc., 2004, 926 p.

7. Log interpretation charts, Houston: Schlumberger, 1997, 170 p.

The Arlan oil field is the largest in the Republic of Bashkortostan. One of the most important oilfield facilities is the Kashir and Podolsk deposits, which have been developed by single wells for a long time. Since 2002, the active involvement of Kashir and Podolsk deposits in production has begun by drilling new horizontal wells and adding the old fund of directional wells. During testing of intervals defined as oil-saturated, according to the results of the interpretation of geophysical studies of wells, mineralized reservoir water was often obtained as a fluid. Also, not all newly drilled horizontal wells reached the predicted flow rates and water cuts. In order to increase the efficiency of testing and commissioning of new wells in 2021, research work was carried out, the results of which significantly change the understanding of the geological structure and oil content of the Kashir and Podolsk deposits. The main result of the research is the change of the idea of the type of deposits of Kashir and Podolsk deposits from lenticular to formation-arch deposits with the presence of water-oil contacts. А model of saturation of sediment rocks is proposed, explaining the layering of water and oil-saturated reservoirs within the same formation. The technogenic factors complicating the study of the object are also considered. The implementation of the techniques obtained as part of the research made it possible to complete the missed oil-saturated intervals, clarify the volume and structure of reserves, which will increase the efficiency of developing of new wells.

References

1. Lozin E.V., Razrabotka unikal’nogo Arlanskogo neftyanogo mestorozhdeniya vostoka Russkoy plity (Developing a unique Arlan oil field of the East of the Russian Plate), Ufa: Publ. of BashNIPIneft, 2012, 704 p.

2. Mirnov R.V., Alekseeva T.V., Paleosols in the Kashira deposits in the south of the East European Craton (Republic of Bashkortostan): characteristics, paleoecological and stratigraphic significance (In Russ.), Litosfera, 2022, V. 22, no. 5, pp. 694-704, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24930/1681-9004-2022-22-5-694-704

3. Chervyakova A.N., Budnikov D.V., Akhmetzyanov R.V. et al., Vliyanie osobennostey geologicheskogo stroeniya ob»ekta KPO Arlanskogo mestorozhdeniya s pelitomorfnymi plastami na nachal’nye pokazateli raboty skvazhin (Influence of features of the geological structure of the object of the Kashira-Podolsk deposits of the Arlanskoe field with pelitomorphic layers on the initial performance of wells), Collected papers “Aktual’nye nauchno-tekhnicheskie resheniya dlya razvedki neftedobyvayushchego potentsiala dlya PAO ANK Bashneft’” (Up-to-date scientific and technical solutions for the exploration of oil-producing potential for PJSC ANK Bashneft), Ufa: BashNIPIneft’, 2016, V. 124, pp. 407-412.

4. Pozhitkov N.D., Stupak I.A., Denisov V.V. et al., Approaches to modeling the Kashiro-Podolsk deposits of the Arlanskoe field in the Republic of Bashkortostan (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2022, V. 20, no. 5, pp. 45–54, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2022-5-45-54.

5 Gareev A.T., Nurov S.R., Faizov I.A. et al., Production features and concept of further development of the unique Arlanskoye field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 4, pp. 40–45, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-4-40-45

6. Lozin E.V., Geologiya i neftenosnost’ Bashkortostana (Geology and oil content of Bashkortostan), Ufa: Publ. of BashNIPIneft’, 2015, 704 p.

7 Mirnov R.V., Sedimentological cyclicity and lithological features of the Kashirskian sequence in the northwestern Bashkortostan (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 7, pp. 79-81, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-7-79-81

8. Baranova A.G., Aref’ev Yu.M., The detailed level-by-level correlation of Kashirsky productive horizons for more exact estimation of oil reserves (In Russ.), Georesursy, 2011, no. 4, pp. 25–26.

9. Burikova T.V., Savel’eva E.N., Khusainova A.M. et al., Lithological and petrophysical characterization of Middle Carboniferous carbonates (a case study from north-western oil fields of Bashkortostan) (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2017, no. 10, pp. 18–21, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2017-10-18-21

10. Privalova O.R., Ganeeva A.I., Leont’evskiy A.V., Minigalieva G.I., Typification of carbonate rocks of the Middle Carbon by the structure of the void space to solve problems of oil fields development control (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 8, pp. 30–35, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-8-30-35

11. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po opredeleniyu podschetnykh parametrov zalezhey nefti i gaza po materialam geofizicheskikh issledovaniy skvazhin s privlecheniem rezul’tatov analizov kerna, oprobovaniy i ispytaniy produktivnykh plastov (Guidelines to determine the calculation parameters of oil and gas using well logging data with the involvement the results of core analysis, sampling and testing of productive formations): edited by Vendel’shteyn B.Yu., Kozyar V.F., Yatsenko G.G., Kalinin: Soyuzpromgeofizika Publ., 1990, 261 p.

The results of modeling of geomechanical properties and stress state of the Bazhenov Formation sediments are presented in the paper. Formation layers are transversally isotropic objects with vertical direction of the symmetry axis. Nuclear magnetic logging (NML) data are interpreted based on iterative selection of the cutoff for time T2. The resulting porosity curves for a given well are used as a trend to calculate the leak-off for further hydraulic fracturing modeling. Based on the analysis of the results of hydraulic fracturing and hydrodynamic modeling an assumption is made about the influence of natural crack conductivity on the nature of leaks during the hydraulic fracturing: fractures have a higher permeability compared to the formation permeability and hydraulic fracturing fluid easily leak off into them. During hydraulic fracture propagation modeling, this effect is taken into account as follows: leaks should be pressure dependent (PDL) and therefore change over the time. It should be noted that, along with fracturing, possible causes of increased leaks during hydraulic fracturing operations may include leakage of packers and leakage into the annulus, as well as the growth of a crack in height through a barrier into the next less stressed zone. Using the corresponding tools of RN-GRID software package, the hydraulic fracturing process is modeled taking into account PDL. The calculation results show a serious influence of this parameter on the final geometry of the hydraulic fracture.

References

1. Ardislamova D.R., Fedorov A.I., Wellbore stability in the Bazhenov formation considering the anisotropy of elastic properties of composing strata (In Russ.), Fizika Zemli Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth, 2023, no. 2, pp. 212–223, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S0002333722060011

2. Ardislamova D.R., Kadyrova K.R., Sypchenko S.I. et al., Using clustering methods in hydraulic fracturing modeling (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 11, pp. 112–117, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-11-112-117

3. Salimov V.G., Ibragimov N.G., Nasybullin A.V., Salimov O.V., Gidravlicheskiy razryv karbonatnykh plastov (Hydraulic fracturing of carbonate formations), Moscow: Neftyanoe khozyaystvo Publ., 2013, 472 p.

4. Barree R.D., Mukherjee H., Determination of pressure dependent leakoff and its effect on fracture geometry, SPE 36424-MS, 1996, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/36424-MS

5. Rylander E., Singer P.M. et al., NMR T2 distributions in the Eagle Ford Shale: Reflections on pore size, SPE-164554-MS, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/164554-MS

6. Fedorova D.V., Astaf’ev A.A., Yatsenko V.M. et al., Specifics of Bazhenov formation properties evaluation with complex method using core and magnetic resonance logging data for reservoir porosity determination (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 11, pp. 15–19, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-11-15-19

7. Howard G.C., Fast C.R., Optimum fluid characteristics for fracture extension, Drilling and Production Practice, API, 1957, V. 24, pp. 261-270.

8. Economides M., Oligney R., Valko P., Unified fracture design. Bridging the gap between theory and practice, Orsa Press, Alvin, Texas, 2002, 262 p.

9. Esipov D.V., Kuranakov D.S., Lapin V.N., Chernyy S.T., Mathematical models of hydraulic fracturing (In Russ.), Vychislitel’nye tekhnologii, 2014, V. 19, no. 2, pp. 33–61.

In recent years, fields with hard-to-recover oil reserves have been actively developed. This is facilitated, among other things, by government support in the form of tax benefits. However, in order to get these benefits, oil reserves must meet the criteria of being classified as hard-to-recover. One of the criteria according to the order of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of the Russian Federation from 15.05.2014 № 218 "On approval of the Procedure for determination of permeability and effective oil saturated thickness of the reservoir for hydrocarbon deposits" hard-to-recover reserves include deposits characterized by permeability of less than 2·10-3 mcm2. In order to substantiate the permeability coefficient for a deposit, petrophysical dependence of permeability on porosity is plotted based on the results of core testing. In case of small or unrepresentative core samples, the investigated samples may not cover all variations of physical and lithological characteristics across the formation. In this connection, the value of permeability coefficient of the deposit can be overestimated and there is no possibility to get tax benefits. The work presents a methodology that will allow evaluation of the possibility of substantiating preferential permeability in low-permeability formations with non-representative sampling, while conducting additional core studies.

This approach is based on the estimation of the refined petrophysical relationship of permeability and porosity taking into account the distribution of porosity coefficient based on well logging data. Application of the method will allow identification of low-permeability deposits with the potential to receive tax benefits after additional core studies.

References

1. Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of the Russian Federation No. 218 dated 15.05.2014 “Ob utverzhdenii Poryadka opredeleniya pokazateley pronitsaemosti i effektivnoy neftenasyshchennoy tolshchiny plasta po zalezhi uglevodorodnogo syr'ya” (On approval of the Procedure for determining the permeability indicators and effective oil-saturated thickness of a formation for a hydrocarbon deposit).

2. Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of the Russian Federation No. 824 dated 02.11.2021 “Ob utverzhdenii stratigraficheskikh kharakteristik (sistema, otdel, gorizont, plast) zalezhey uglevodorodnogo syr'ya dlya tseley ikh otneseniya k bazhenovskim, abalakskim‚ khadumskim, domanikovym produktivnym otlozheniyam, a takzhe produktivnym otlozheniyam tyumenskoy svity v sootvetstvii s dannymi gosudarstvennogo balansa zapasov poleznykh iskopaemykh” (On approval of stratigraphic characteristics (system, series, horizon, layer) of hydrocarbon deposits for the purposes of classifying them as Bazhenov, Abalak, Khadum, Domanik productive deposits, as well as productive deposits of the Tyumen suite in accordance with data from the state balance of mineral reserves).

3. Patrakov D.P., Plitkina Yu.A., Glebov A.S., Development experience of low permeable reservoirs of Tyumen suite of Krasnoleninskoye field RN-Nyaganneftegas JSC (In Russ.), Neftyanaya provintsiya, 2019, no. 2, pp. 72–100.

4. Valiullin R.A., Vakhitova G.R., Tokareva D.S., Shaybekova G.F., Justification of the atitude to the hard-to-remove reserves of the Middle Jurassic sediments of the Tyumen formation of the Sredne-Ugutsky oilfield (In Russ.), Geologiya. Izvestiya otdeleniya nauk o zemle i prirodnykh resursov, 2021, no. 28, pp. 3–11.

5. Bobyleva A.Z., Gosudarstvennoe antikrizisnoe upravlenie v neftyanoy otrasli (State anti-crisis management in the oil industry), Moscow: Yurayt Publ., 2018, 326 p.

6. Shchekaturova I.Sh., Kolomasova S.A., Antonov M.S., Kuz'michev O.B., On the economic feasibility of developing fields with hard-to-recover oil reserves (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 2, pp. 18–21, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2021-2-18-21

7. Boldyrev E.S., Nikulochkina D.A., Khafizova L.K., Gareev R.R., Management of oil and gas field development using tax incentives (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 8, pp. 6–10, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-8-6-10

8. D'yachkov G.S., Comparative analysis of tax regimes effectiveness in oil production (In Russ.), Uchet. Analiz. Audit, 2022, no. 9(3), pp. 39–51,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.26794/2408-9303-2022-9-3-39-51 UDK 336.201.3(045)

9. Order of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of the Russian Federation No. 867 dated 12.12.2022 “Ob utverzhdenii stratigraficheskikh kharakteristik (sistema, otdel, gorizont, plast) zalezhey uglevodorodnogo syr'ya dlya tseley ikh otneseniya k bazhenovskim, abalakskim, khadumskim, domanikovym, achimovskim produktivnym otlozheniyam v sootvetstvii s dannymi gosudarstvennogo balansa zapasov poleznykh iskopaemykh” (On approval of stratigraphic characteristics (system, series, horizon, layer) of hydrocarbon deposits for the purposes of classifying them as Bazhenov, Abalak, Khadum, Domanik, Achimov productive deposits in accordance with data from the state balance of mineral reserves).

The article presents results achieved by the RN-BashNIPIneft LLC in the field of development and application of X-ray scattering techniques for solving practical problems that arise when studying core material and sediments formed during oil transportation. It is shown that in order to get correct and accurate information on mineral composition of rocks containing hydrocarbon raw material, it is necessary not only to precisely measure x-ray spectra, but also to use in calculations optimized mineral’s atomic structure parameters for the core. It was found that the comparison of the quantitative X-ray phase analysis (XPA) results with the elemental composition data allows clarifying the core mineral composition. The developed approach based on X-ray shooting with inclined surveys allows detecting and evaluating low-content clay and iron minerals which are not analyzable in conventional XPA. For corrosion sediments that deposit on oil and gas equipment and complicate the transportation of oil an approach has been developed that allows determining not only the type and assay of minerals but also the type of their formation (natural or man-made). This approach includes taking into account instrumental line widening and comparative analysis of X-ray spectra of natural minerals and minerals deposited on borehole equipment. It has been shown that obtaining correct XPA information about deposits is important when establishing mechanisms of destruction of failed equipment and when optimizing scale inhibitors for specific wells.

References

1. Lozin E.V., Geologiya i neftenosnost’ Bashkortostana (Geology and oil content of Bashkortostan), Ufa: Publ. of BashNIPIneft’, 2015, 704 p.

2. Davletbaev A.Ya., Asalkhuzina G.F., Urazov R.R., Sarapulova V.V., Gidrodinamicheskie issledovaniya skvazhin v nizkopronitsaemykh kollektorakh (Hydrodynamic studies of wells in low-permeability reservoirs), Novosibirsk: DOM MIRA Publ., 2023, 176 p.

3. Sitdikov V.D., Nikolaev A.A., Kolbasenko E.A. et al., A new approach to the analysis of clay minerals in rocks by X-Ray scattering (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2021, V. 19, no. 5, pp. 75–83, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2021-5-75-83

4. Malinin A.V., Nikolaev A.A., Makatrov A.K. et al., A new approach to the analysis of clay minerals in rocks using the X-ray scattering method: Different ratio of clay minerals (In Russ.), Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov, 2023, no. 1(141), pp. 9–24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-1-9-24

5. Malinin A.V., Sitdikov V.D., Mironov I.V. et al., Procedure for determining the nature of calcium carbonate formation on oilfield equipment (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2024, V. 22,. no 1, pp. 173–181, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2024-1-173-181

6. Tkacheva V.E., Valekzhanin I.V., Kshnyakin D.V. et al., Serovodorod (H2S): lokal’nye i korrozionno-mekhanicheskie razrusheniya v neftedobyche (Hydrogen sulfide (H2S): local and corrosion-mechanical destruction in oil production), Ufa: Publ. of RN-BashNIPIneft, 2024, 240 p.

7. Hosseini S., Niaei A., Salari D., Production of γ-Al2O3 from kaolin, Open Journal of Physical Chemistry, 2011, V. 1 (2), pp. 23–27, https://doi.org/10.4236/ojpc.2011.12004

8. Hanyu Li et al., Hydrogen in pipeline steels: Recent advances in characterization and embrittlement mitigation, Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering, 2022, V. 105, Article number 104709, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jngse.2022.104709

9. Valekzhanin I.V., Voloshin A.I., Development and testing of a module for calculating the parameters of scale inhibitors squeeze treatment (In Russ.), Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov, 2024, no. 3(149), pp. 43–53, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2024-3-43-53

10. Gazizova E.R., Gadel’shin I.R., Denislamov I.Z., Calculation of the optimum volume of inhibitor pumping in the wells of Vatyegan oil field (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2019, V. 17, no. 2, pp. 77–79, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2019-2-74-79

The article discusses oil production from low- and ultra-low-permeability oil and gas fields which is mainly performed through hydraulic fracturing operations. As a result of hydraulic fracturing, single, multiple or even a network of fractures with sufficiently high filtration properties are formed. The geomechanical, filtration and geological properties of the rock, as well as technological parameters of the fracturing itself influence the development of fractures. The paper proposes a model of geometric complexity of hydraulic fracture, and on its basis the calculation of stimulated reservoir volume (SRV) zone is performed. The system of equations to describe the dynamics of self-consistent growth of macrocracks of the selected geometry and complexity, and the corresponding SRV zone is given. The system of equations for hydraulically connected macrocracks is written out for the case of their weak interaction through elasticity. All microcracks that failed to grow into macrocracks were modeled as newly emerged cracking in the matrix (SRV zone). Within the framework of the Perkins-Kern-Nordgner fracture model, an algorithm of joint geomechanical and hydrodynamic modeling was implemented in the RN-KIM software package, the model was adapted to field data on hydraulic fracturing fluid injection, and the dynamic SRV zone was calculated as a zone with nonlinear filtration through microcracks.

References

1. Mayerhofer M.J., Lolon E.P., Warpinski N.R. et al., What is stimulated reservoir volume, SPE-119890-PA, 2013, DOI: http://doi.org/10.2118/119890-PA

2. Abdel A.R., A poroelastic numerical model for simulation of hydraulic fracture propagation: application to Upper Safa formation – Western Desert-Egypt, Petroleum Research, 2020, V. 5, pp. 39–51, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptlrs.2019.10.002

3. Liming Wan, Mian Chen, Bing Hou et al., Experimental investigation of the effect of natural fracture size on hydraulicfracture propagation in 3D, Journal of Structural Geology, 2018, V. 116, pp. 1–11, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2018.08.006

4. Esipov D.V., Kuranakov D.S., Lapin V.N., Chernyy S.T., Mathematical models of hydraulic fracturing (In Russ.), Vychislitel’nye tekhnologii, 2014, V. 19, no. 2, pp. 33–61.

5. Nordgren R.P., Propagation of a vertical hydraulic fracture, SPE-3009-PA, 1972, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/3009-PA

6. Perkins T.K. Kern L.R., Widths of hydraulic fractures, J. Petrol. Tech., 1961, no. 9, pp. 937–949, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/89-PA

7. Lugumanov T.T., To modeling of dual-porosity reservoirs, SPE-191740-18RPTC-MS, 2018, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/191740-18RPTC-MS

8. Baykov V.A., Kolonskikh A.V., Makatrov A.K. et al., Development of ultra low-permeability oil reservoirs (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2013, no. 10, pp. 52–56.

9. Davletbaev A.Ya., Asalkhuzina G.F., Urazov R.R., Sarapulova V.V., Gidrodinamicheskie issledovaniya skvazhin v nizkopronitsaemykh kollektorakh (Hydrodynamic studies of wells in low-permeability reservoirs), Novosibirsk: DOM MIRA Publ., 2023, 176 p.

10. Baykov V.A., Emchenko O.V., Zaynulin A.V., Davletbaev A.Ya., Interpretation and analysis of the results of research of a fractured-cavernous-porous type reservoir

(In Russ.), Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik OAO “NK “Rosneft”, 2007, no. 5, pp. 30–33.

11. Sheddon I.N., Elliot A.A., The opening of a Griffith crack under internal pressure, Quarterly Appl. Math., 1946, no. 4, pp. 262–267, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1090/QAM%2F17161

12. Martyushev D.A., Ponomareva I.N., Filippov E.V., Yuwei Li, Formation of hydraulic fracturing cracks in complicated carbonate reservoirs with natural fracturing (In Russ.), Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Inzhiniring georesursov = Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University Geo Assets Engineering, 2022,

V. 333, no. 1, pp. 85–, DOI: http://doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2022/1/3212

13. Uflyand Ya.S., Integral’nye preobrazovaniya v zadachakh teorii uprugosti (Integral transformations in elasticity theory problems), Leningrad: Nauka Publ., 1967, 420 p.

14. Zvyagin A.V., Luzhin A.A., Shamina A.A., The mutual influence of disk-shaped cracks in three-dimensional elastic space (In Russ.), Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 1: Matematika. Mekhanika = Moscow University Mechanics Bulletin, 2019, no. 4, pp. 34–41.

15. Fabrikant V.I., Interaction of a parallel circular cracks subjected to arbitrary leading in transversely isotropic elastic space, Applicable Analysis, 1997, V. 66, pp. 273–290, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1080/00036819708840587

The article presents the concept of digital design for hydrocarbon field development. The key principles of the digital project-technical document (PTD) are a unified digital space, transparency of results, and improved PTD quality. The concept ensures the complete cycle of digital project-technical document execution. The practical implementation of the digital Production Technology Design (PTD) is demonstrated, which allows for the verification of initial data, the formation of geological and technical event programs, the calculation of technological indicators and economic efficiency, as well as the preparation of data for report sections. During the work, integration with a modern business process management system was carried out, enabling the tracking of the current state of the design process and the control of project deadlines. An engineering feature of the implemented digital PTD is a modular development scenario constructor, which allows for the formation of various field development scenarios using sets of activities. The main advantage of using the digital PTD is highlighted in the article, which lies in improving project quality, increasing profitability through the selection of optimal solutions, and accelerating the work execution process. The automation of the PTD preparation process using digital tools is a significant step forward in enhancing activities in the domain of field development design.

References

1. Urazakov K.R., Timashev E.O., Molchanova V.A., Volkov M.G., Spravochnik po dobyche nefti (Handbook of oil production), Perm: Aster Plus Publ., 2020, 600 p.

2. Pravila podgotovki tekhnicheskikh proektov razrabotki mestorozhdeniy uglevodorodnogo syr’ya (Rules for the preparation of technical projects for the development of hydrocarbon deposits): approved by order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia No. 639 on September 20, 2019, URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/000120191003004.

3. Vremennye metodicheskie rekomendatsii podgotovki tekhnicheskikh proektov razrabotki mestorozhdeniy uglevodorodnogo syr’ya v chasti ekonomicheskoy otsenki variantov razrabotki (Temporary methodological recommendations for the preparation of technical projects for the development of hydrocarbon deposits in terms of economic assessment of development options), FBU GKZ, 2023, URL: https://gkz-rf.ru/sites/default/files/docs/vremennye_metodicheskie_rekomendacii_podgotovki_tehniches...

4. Sattarova R.F., Teregulova G.R., Optimization of economic efficiency assessment when implementing design and technological documents (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 1, pp. 12-15, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-1-12-15

5. Pravila razrabotki mestorozhdeniy uglevodorodnogo syr’ya (Rules for the development of hydrocarbon deposits): approved by order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia No. 356 on June 14, 2016 (as amended on August 7, 2020), URL: http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/document/0001201608260045

6. Nigmatullin F.N., Ponomarev A.I., On solving problematic issues when designing the development of new gas-oil and oil-gas deposits in conditions of insufficient

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 6, pp. 73–77, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-6-73-77

7. URL: https://nauka.rosneft.ru/tech/inzhenernoe-programmnoe-obespechenie/

8. RN.DIGITAL: RN-KIN, Rosneft, URL: https://rn.digital/rnkin/

9. Kostrigin I.V., Zagurenko T.G., Khatmullin I.F., History of the creation and deploying of software package RN-KIN (In Russ.), Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik OAO “NK “Rosneft’”, 2014, no. 2, pp. 4–7.

10. Erazumov V.Yu., Krylov A.A., Dmitryuk I.S., Ryzhikov O.A., Comprehensive system for assessing the construction readiness of power grid facilities and selecting mobile solutions in a information model RN-KIN (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 8, pp. 132-136, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-8-132-136.

11. Jeston J., Nelis J., Business process management: Practical guidelines to successful implementations, Butterworth-Heinemann, 2006, 437 p.

12. Repin V.V., Eliferov V.G., Protsessnyy podkhod k upravleniyu. Modelirovanie biznes-protsessov (Process approach to management. Business process modeling), Moscow: Mann, Ivanov i Ferber Publ., 2013, pp. 136–139.

13. Fedorov I.G., Modelirovanie biznes-protsessov v notatsii BPMN 2.0 (Modeling business processes in BPMN 2.0 notation), Moscow: Publ. of MESI, 2013, 264 p.

The vital method to increase the oil production efficiency is well stimulation. Time efficient search for candidates for well stimulation in various field conditions is a complex and multifactorial task. In order to automate this process, an interactive filtering system based on the RN-KIN software package has been developed. The system allows identification of oil wells, characterized by optimal ranges of field conditions for conducting well stimulation, and to rank them. As filtering criteria, it is possible to use characteristics of the well itself and its neighboring ones. Additionally, the system allows for the storage and sharing of the generated filters as well as integration into the process of well stimulation approval. The system has been successfully applied on the fields of the Republic of Bashkortostant to find well candidates for acid stimulation. The increase in oil production after conducting these treatments is comparable with its common value. The time spent for searching for these well candidates was noticeably less than before the system implementation. Therefore, the results of the system application show its high efficiency in comparison with the traditional approach of selecting well candidates for well stimulation. The implementation of the developed system facilitates the replenishment and transfer of knowledge about the parameters affecting the efficiency of well stimulation, which allows scaling best practices within the enterprise.

References

1. Polezhaev V.O., Gimaev R.D., Zhdanov L.M. et al., Methodology for selection of candidate wells «Auto-selection of geological and technical measures» for geological and technical measures (In Russ.), Vestnik Akademii nauk Respubliki Bashkortostan, 2023, V. 48, no. 3, pp. 15–21, DOI: DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/1728-5283-2023-3-15-21

2. Burkhanov R.N., Valiullin I.V., Lutfullin A.A. et al., Algorithm of selection of geological and technical measures for the extraction of reserves at the late stage of oil field development (In Russ.), Neftyanaya provintsiya, 2023, no. 1, pp. 155–168, DOI: https://doi.org/10.25689/NP.2023.1.155-168

3. Sitnikov A.N., Asmandiyarov R.N., Pustovskikh A.A. et al., Preparation of well intervention programs using the podborgtm digital information system (In Russ.), PRONEFT’’. Professional’no o nefti, 2017, no. 2, pp. 39–46.

4. Salimov O.V., Nasybullin A.V., Sakhabutdinov R.Z., Salimov V.G., The criteria for the selection of wells for hydraulic fracturing (In Russ.), Georesursy, 2017, V. 19, no. 4, pp. 368–373.

5. Kharisov M.N., Yunusova E.A., Vagizov A.M. et al., Determination of optimal well interventions using Data Mining (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2018, V. 16, no. 5,

pp. 59–64, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2018-5-59-64

6. Kashapov A., The application of the fuzzy sets theory for candidate wells selection (In Russ.), SPE-176744-RU, 2015, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/176744-MS

7. Syrtlanov V., Mezhnova N., Kovaleva E. et al., Automation of the flooding optimization process and selection of prospective sites/wells for workover (In Russ.),

SPE-176730-MS, 2015, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/176730-MS

8. Sudakov V.A., Safuanov R.I., Kozlova A.N., Poryvaev T.M. et al., Localization and development of residual oil reserves using geochemical studies based on neural network algorithms (In Russ.), Georesursy, 2022, V. 24, no. 4, pp. 50–64, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2022.4.4

9. Evsyutkin I.V., Markov N.G., Management of geological and technical arrangements on oil-and-gas fields with the use of artificial neural networks (In Russ.), Doklady Tomskogo gos. universiteta sistem upravleniya i radioelektroniki, 2020, V. 23, no. 1, pp. 62–69, DOI: https://doi.org/10.21293/1818-0442-2020-23-1-62-69

10. Kochnev A.A., Kozyrev N.D., Kochneva O.E., Galkin S.V., Development of a comprehensive methodology for the forecast of effectiveness of geological and technical measures based on machine learning algorithms (In Russ.), Georesursy, 2020, V. 22, no. 3, pp. 79–86, DOI: https://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2020.3.79-86

11. Kovalenko E.S., Usachev A.I., Koshcheev I.G., Petrov I.Yu., Effective planning of geological and technical measures based on maps of current oil-saturated thicknesses and hydrodynamic models (In Russ.), Ekspozitsiya Neft’ Gaz, 2008, no. 2, pp. 85–88.

12. Mikhaylov V.N., Volkov Yu.A., Dulkarnaev M.R., Iterative technique of geological hydrodynamic modeling for the estimation of residual oil reserves distribution and planning of geological and technological works (In Russ.), Georesursy, 2011, no. 3(39), pp. 43–48.

13. Skvortsov A.V., A survey of algorithms for constructing a Delaunay triangulation (In Russ.), Vychislitel’nye metody i programmirovanie, 2002, V. 3, no. 1, pp. 14–39.

14. Kruglov R.V., Yarkeeva N.R., Kruglova Z.M., Analysis of well intervensions carried out at PJSC «Bashneft» (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2016, no. 6, pp. 81–101,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2016-6-81-101

Repair and insulation works at the fields of RN-Purneftegaz LLC are complicated by absorption of plugging compositions by water-gas-bearing and depleted formations. According to the results of analytical and laboratory studies, the technologies based on reinforced polymer compositions forming an insulating screen, as well as compositions with instant filtration forming a filtration crust, are potentially applicable for the conditions under consideration. The article describes the results of pilot field tests of the technology for elimination of process liquids absorption during repair and insulation works using reinforced polymer composition.

During laboratory studies the formulation of the composition characterized by minimum gelation time and meeting the requirements for physical and chemical properties was substantiated. To achieve the required colmatizing ability on the model of highly permeable pore reservoir the necessity of using the composition with fillers of both types - chrysotile and fiber was confirmed. The ability of the composition not only to eliminate absorption but also to block gas breakthrough was also noted. The wells characterized by intensive absorption of process fluids, but with different purposes of repair and isolation works were selected for testing of the technology: shutdown of the formation with transition to the overlying horizon, elimination of continuous injectivity of the formation before sidetracking, elimination of leakage of the production string. The application of this technology allowed significant reduction of the injectivity factor of the formation to ensure subsequent isolation of the interval in one approach by cement slurry injection (the technology is not applicable for elimination of continuous injectivity without cement slurry completion).

References

1. Shaydullin V.A., Presnyakov A.Yu., Kostyuchenko S.A., Burmistrov A.S., Water reduction treatments using oil-cement slurries – case histories from RN-Purneftegaz LLC (In Russ.), Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik OAO “NK “Rosneft”, 2013, V. 31, no. 2, pp. 48–50.

2. Nikulin V.Yu., Shaymardanov A.R., Mukminov R.R. et al., Justification of technologies to control fluid loss during remedial cementing in the fields of RN-Purneftegas LLC (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 10, pp. 48–54, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-10-48-54

3. Litvinenko K.V., Valiakhmetov R.I., Integrated engineering services as a factor in improving the efficiency of oil production (In Russ.), Inzhenernaya praktika, 2021, no. 7, pp. 60–69.

4. Vakhrushev S.A., Litvinenko K.V., Folomeev A.E. et al., Testing of new technologies for bottom-hole treatment and water shutoff jobs in Rosneft Oil Company (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 6, pp. 31-37, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-6-31-37

5. Komkova L.P., Pereskokov K.A., Samsykin A.V., Modern isolation composition to control high-intensive fluid circulation loss (In Russ.), Neft.Gaz.Novatsii, 2018, no. 6, pp. 57–58.

6. Gaziev R.F., Valieva O.I., Mardaganiev T.R., Makatrov A.K., Selection of criteria for isolation technologies for the elimination of lost-circulation zones (In Russ.), Burenie i neft’, 2023, Special Issue, pp. 48–51.

7. Smagin A.S., Novitskiy K.Yu., Tabashnikov A.R., Agzamov F.A., Increasing efficiency of liquidation of disaster zones during construction of wells (In Russ.), Burenie i neft’, 2020, no. 6, pp. 38–41.

8. Yakupov I.Yu., Promising compositions for combating the influence of process fluids during modern and major well repairs (In Russ.), Inzhenernaya praktika, 2019,

no. 6, pp. 14–18.

9. Gorbunova A.A., Gabdrafikov R.V., Yanuzakov U.N., Systematic approach towards the catastrophic drill mud loss control at the fields located in the Republic of Bashkortostan (In Russ.), Neft’. Gaz. Novatsii, 2021, no. 2(243), pp. 56–58.

10. Strizhnev V.A., Arslanov I.R., Ratner A.A. et al., Development of new grouting compositions for carrying out insulation works in wells of fractured reservoirs (In Russ.), Neft’. Gaz. Novatsii, 2021, no. 3, pp. 26–31.

The relevance of fracturing prediction is associated with growing attention to the search for hydrocarbon deposits in unconventional reservoirs. The diffraction component of the wave field provides key information for identifying both large and small-scale inhomogeneities of the geological environment which is very difficult due to the weak energy of the diffraction component. Its amplification and separation from the full wave field is a key task for searching for small-scale geological elements. The important parts for reliable identification of diffraction objects are: data and model quality, as well as the used algorithms for constructing diffraction images. The article discusses a conceptual approach for identifying diffracted waves against the background of strong reflections and a technique for obtaining a detailed seismic section. The processing flow for extracting the diffraction component and procedures for minimizing residual noise and interference on a seismic section is presented in the article. As a result of diffraction processing continuous high-amplitude signals were obtained in fault zones of the crystalline basement of the White Tiger field. To identify small-scale fracturing zones in diffracted wave sections an attribute analysis was applied. Additionally a comparison of the diffraction processing results with conventional PrSTM and PrSDM data was performed. FMI data from several production wells was used to analyze and to compare the spatial distribution of fault trending. Obtained results can be used both to refine the physical and geological model of hydrocarbon deposits to improve operational characteristics and to minimize risks of exploration drilling.

References

1. Goryunov E.Yu., Nguen M.Kh., The main features and regularities of the oil and gas fields structure in the basement of Suu Long basin (Vietnam) (In Russ.), Geologiya nefti i gaza, 2018, no. 2, pp. 97-103.

2. De Ribet B., Yelin G., Serfaty Y. et al., High resolution diffraction imaging for reliable interpretation of fracture systems, First Break, 2017, V. 35, DOI: http://doi.org/10.3997/1365-2397.2017003

3. Yakovlev I.V., Smirnov K.A., Methods of fracture prediction from seismic data: current state (In Russ.), PRONEFT’’. Professional’no o nefti, 2023, no. 8, pp. 84-92, DOI: https://doi.org/10.51890/2587-7399-2023-8-3-84-92

4. Burnett W.A., Klokov A., Seismic diffraction interpretation at Piceance Creek, Interpretation, 2015, no. 3, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1190/INT-2014-0091.1

The article discusses the hydrocarbon potential and the features of the geological structure of Jurassic deposits in recently discovered oil field in the eastern part of the Krasnoleninsky arch of Western Siberia. Based on the analysis of seismic survey materials, drilling and testing of exploratory wells, geophysical survey data and core studies, the characteristics of the structure of the Middle Jurassic object JuK2-5, including sand layers JuK2-3, JuK4, JuK5, formed in complex polyfacial environment is demonstrated. For boundaries justification of deposits of the JuK2-5 formation the following data were used: well test, core and 2D CDP seismic surveys. To clarify the sedimentation environment and predict the reservoir properties distribution of the objects of interest, a dynamic interpretation of seismic surveys was conducted, seismic attributes were calculated. The boundaries of productive lenses of the JuK2-3, JuK4 and JuK5 units and the distribution of effective oil-saturated thicknesses were calculated taking into account the attributes for the corresponding intervals of the seismic section. In the JuK2-5 formation, two lithologically limited oil deposits have been identified with conventional boundaries established based on the dynamic analysis of CDP 2D seismic data. The results of the deposits geometrization of the JuK2-5 object made it possible to estimate oil in place; however, as a degree of exploration of the field is insufficient the reliability of the boundaries of the identified deposits and the distribution of the effective oil-saturated thicknesses is low. The article indicates the need to create more reliable geological models based on the facies zoning of undrilled areas using detailed seismic facies analysis.

References

1. Fedorova M.D., Kirzeleva O.Ya., Kataev O.I. et al., An approach to creating conceptual geological models of the Tyumen suite (In Russ.), Oil&Gas Journal Russia, 2016, no. 11(110), pp. 60–63.

2. Sevast'yanov A.A., Korovin K.V., Zotova O.P., Zubarev D.I., Geological characteristics and assessment of the potential production of the Tyumen suite deposits (In Russ.), Vestnik Permskogo universiteta, 2017, V. 1, no. 1, pp. 61–65.

3. Bembel' R.M., Bembel' S.R., Geologicheskie modeli i osnovy razvedki i razrabotki mestorozhdeniy nefti i gaza Zapadnoy Sibiri (Geological models and fundamentals of exploration and development of oil and gas fields in Western Siberia), Tyumen: Publ. of TIU, 2022, 220 p.

4. Baraboshkin E.Yu., Prakticheskaya sedimentologiya. Terrigennye rezervuary. Posobie po rabote s kernom (Practical sedimentology. Terrigenous reservoirs. On how to operate core samples), Tver: GERS Publ., 2011, 152 p.

5. Bronskova E.I., Comprehensive analysis of April field geological structure to provide effective additional exploration and development of Tyumen suite deposits (In Russ.), Geologiya, geofizika i razrabotka neftyanykh i gazovykh mestorozhdeniy, 2016, no. 8, pp. 36–44.

Laboratory experience of lithological, geochemical and physico-chemical studies of low-porous and weakly permeable sediments of the West Siberian and Volga-Ural petroleum provinces has shown that in sections of terrigenous and carbonate rocks of such formations as Achimovskaya, Frolovskaya, Bazhenovskaya, Abalakskaya, Domanikovskaya, Artinskaya, intervals are distinguished where organic matter forms a complex association with a siliceous-carbonate matrix. Such organo-mineral sites on the rock surface affect wettability, primary water saturation, electrical, elastic-strength and filtration-capacitance properties of rocks. A comparison of the results of geochemical and lithological studies of carbonate rocks of domanic deposits and the Bazhenov formation suggests that during sedimentation, the macrovariability of the crystallization process creates the possibility of immobilization of organic molecules into the structure of a carbonate crystal. When studying the physico-chemical activity of terrigenous deposits of the Achimov, Frolov, Bazhenov and Abalak formations, non-standard results were obtained: mosaic hydrophobization of the organomineral matrix and cation exchange activity of the silica surface were experimentally recorded. Such difficult-to-dissolve organomineral compounds can occur when isomorphic ions capable of completing the crystal lattice are adsorbed from a colloidal solution to the surface of solid particles. When crystallizing a mineral siliceous and/or carbonate matrix in the presence of organic matter, the system can use two mechanisms of interaction with molecules: immobilization into a mineral volume and adsorption onto a mineral surface. The influence on the properties of rocks of organo-mineral associations in the context of sediments should be considered when interpreting the materials of geophysical studies, formation exposing, when forming a field development system and assessing reserves.

References

1. Bogdanovich N., Kozlova E., Karamov T., Lithological and geochemical heterogeneity of the organo-mineral matrix in carbonate-rich shales, Geosciences, 2021, no. 11, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/geosciences11070295

2. Bogdanovich N.N., Borisenko S.A., Kozlova E.V. et al., Mosaic hydrofobization of the surface of organic mineral matrix from rocks of Bazhenov formation, SPE-187873-MS, 2017, DOI: http://doi.org/10.2118/187873-MS

3. Ponomareva N.I., Poprygina T.D., Karpov S.I. et al., Study of hydroxyapatite composites with biopolymers (In Russ.), Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy, 2009, V. 11, no. 3, pp. 239–243.

4. Skibitskaya N.A., Yakovleva O.P., Kuz’min V.A., Nano-sized permolecular structures of carbonaceous rock-forming stuff (In Russ.), Georesursy, geoenergetika, geopolitika, 2010, no. 1, URL: http://oilgasjournal.ru/2009_1/4_rubric/skibitskaya_3.html

5. Dmitrievskiy A.N., Skibitskaya N.A., Zekel’ L.A. et al., Composition of insoluble kerogen-like organic polymer in the carbonate rocks of Orenburg gas-condensate deposit (In Russ.), Khimiya tverdogo topliva = Solid Fuel Chemistry, 2011, no. 3, pp. 61–70.

6. Kozlova E.V., Bogdanovich N.N., Stenin V.P. et al., The organic matter in subsalt deposits from the Astrakhan Arch: Analysis of molecular composition and assessment of the residual oil generation potential, Proceedings of Third International Conference on Geology of the Caspian Sea and Adjacent Areas, Baku, October 16–18, 2019, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201952019

7. Yakimchuk I.V., Korobkov D.A., Bogdanovich N.N., The structure of the void space of the Preobrazhensky horizon dolomites (In Russ.), Neft’.Gaz.Novatsii, 2014, no. 4, pp. 66–73.

8. Bogdanovich N.N., Kozlova E.V., On the influence of silicon dioxide upon physical and chemical properties of organic rock mineral matrix in Bazhenov suite (In Russ.), Neft’. Gaz. Novatsii, 2022, no. 9, pp. 31–36.

9. Bogdanovich N.N., Kozlova E.V., Oreshko E.S., Energetic heterogeneity of the organomineral matrix of rocks (on the example of low-permeability Jurassic-Cretaceous deposits of the Western Siberian petroleum basin) (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 3, pp. 15–19, DOI: DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-3-15-19

10. Ofitserov E.N., Ryabov G.K., Ubas’kina Yu.A. et al., Silicon and humic acids: modelling of interactions in soil (In Russ.), Izvestiya Samarskogo NTs RAN, 2011, V. 13,

no. 4(2), pp. 550–557.

11. Ignatenko E.N., Tretinnik V.Yu., Kruglitskiy H.H., Collected paper “Fiziko-khimicheskaya mekhanika dispersnykh struktur” (Physicochemical mechanics of dispersed structures), 1986, pp. 245–249.

12. Burlin Yu.K., Plyusnina I.I., Phase transitions of silica in oil-bearing strata (In Russ.), Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 4. Geologiya = Moscow University Geology Bulletin, 2008, no. 3, pp. 24–31.

13. Nesterenko P.N., Nesterenko E.P., Ivanov A.V., Modification of silica surface with alumina (In Russ.), Vestnik Moskovskogo universiteta. Seriya 2. Khimiya = Lomonosov chemistry journal, 2001, V. 42, no. 2, pp. 106–108.

14. Melikhov I.V., Bozhevolnov V.E., Variability and self-organization in nanosystems, Journal of Nanoparticle Research, 2003, no. 5,

Non-standard tasks require the development of new approaches to solve them. The appearance on the market of solvents of scale deposits, including barite, required the development of a methodology for assessing their effectiveness. To solve this problem, SamaraNIPIneft LLC and RN-BashNIPIneft LLC were involved. The results of the joint study with the customer AngaraNeft LLC made it possible to develop an integrated approach to laboratory studies with quantitative assessment criteria: compatibility of analyzed compositions with formation water, drilling mud filtrate, oil and acid composition; content of insoluble sediment in barite, filtration cakes of drilling mud, core material, after exposure to scale deposition solvents, acid composition; coefficient of permeability recovery after exposure to drilling mud, scale deposition solvents, acid composition; changes in morphological characteristics and structure of rock by the method of raster electron microscopy before and after exposure to process fluids. The article provides a description of the methods of the studies performed: evaluating the effectiveness of salt deposition solvents; conducting filtration studies, including assessment of the change in the permeability of the reservoir model after dynamic action and static impact of drilling muds, acid composition and salt deposition solvent; determination of penetration depth and content of barite, halite and quartz absent in the original rock using electron microscopy and energy-dispersion mapping.

References

1. Salavatov T.Sh., Dadashzade M.A, Aliev I.N., Well productivity with account for the skin-zone (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2018, V. 16, no. 3, pp. 6-10,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2018-3-6-10

2. Patent RU 2704167 C1. Hydrochloric acid composition for treatment and clay cake removal of bottomhole formation zone, Inventors: Musabirov M.Kh., Dmitrieva A.Yu.

3. Kapitonov V.A., Semenenko I.V., Gladkova D.A., Research method of corrosion activity of mineralized solutions on a sample of pipes by the gravimetric method

(In Russ.), Neft’. Gaz. Novatsii, 2018, no. 10, pp. 70-77.

4. Mardashov D.V., Kompleksnoe modelirovanie glusheniya neftyanykh skvazhin pri podzemnom remonte v oslozhnennykh usloviyakh ikh ekspluatatsii (Complex modeling of oil well killing during underground repairs in complicated operating conditions): thesis of doctor of technical science, St. Petersburg, 2022.

5. Shumakher M.Yu., Konovalov V.V., Khafizov V.M., The study of the main technological properties of hydrochloric acid compositions of different types and their comparative assessment (In Russ.), Ekspozitsiya Neft’ Gaz, 2020, no. 5(78), pp. 44-48, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24411/2076-6785-2020-10101

6. Khuzin R.A., Yushchenko T.S., Khizhnyak G.P., Fluid properties and products of chemical reactions changes in acid stimulation of carbonate reservoirs (In Russ.), Vestnik Permskogo natsional’nogo issledovatel’skogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Geologiya. Neftegazovoe i gornoe delo = Perm Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, 2019, V. 19, no. 3, pp. 275-289, DOI: https://doi.org/10.15593/2224-9923/2019.3.7

7. Kovalev S.V., Lazarev S.I., Kovaleva O.A., Study of morphology of the surface of MFFK and MPS microfiltration membranes by atomic power and scanning electron microscopy methods (In Russ.), Poverkhnost’. Rentgenovskie, sinkhrotronnye i neytronnye issledovaniya, 2020, no. 7, pp. 52-61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31857/S1028096020070122

Nowadays, the task of finding methods for intensifying oil production in reservoirs with deteriorated reservoir properties is becoming increasingly urgent. This article discusses the process of modifying the phase permeability of the bottomhole zone of wells. That kind of well interventions is supposed to maintain production by reducing the production watercut during water breaks through macrofractures according to exploitation factors. Yurubchen-Tokhomskoye field is used as the example of applying such well intervention method. Modification of the phase permeability of the bottomhole zone is proposed to be carried out in two stages. At the first stage, the bottomhole treatment is carried out by injecting degassed oil from the well into the reservoir. The second stage includes gravity separation – period of inactivity, unnecessary to disband watering cone with gravity. The effect of the implementation of such measure is justified by the reduction of water saturation in the bottomhole zone of the wells being treated. A mechanism for understanding the gravity separation process in a fractured carbonate reservoir is proposed using a systematic approach analysis of well production, indicator diagrams for both liquid and oil as well as laboratory core studies. For computing purposes, the assumption is used that the fluid filtration process towards the well occurs according to Darcy’s linear law.

References

1. Gazizov A.Sh., Khananov R.G., Gazizov A.A. et al., Hydrophobization of rocks in the bottomhole formation zone as a method for increasing well flow rates and reducing water cut in the produced fluid (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2005, no. 1, рр. 1-12.

2. Osipenko A.A., Boykov O.I., Nazarov D.V. et al., Practical aspects of the identification of the void space of cavern-and-fracture reservoirs in conditions of an extremely low porosity (In Russ.), Karotazhnik, 2019, no. 6(300), pp. 134-144.

3. Bykova A.A., Korolev M.S., Determination of the current oil saturation in oil deposits based on the results of hydrodynamic studies (In Russ.), Mezhdunarodnye nauchnye issledovaniya, 2021, no. 3-4 (48-49), pp. 5–8, DOI: https://doi.org/10.34925/JISR.2021.49.4.001

4. Korolev M.S., Nurmakin A.V., Munasypov A.A., Minnegaliev R.F., Determination of current oil saturation using well indicator line processing (In Russ.), Akademicheskiy zhurnal Zapadnoy Sibiri, 2016, V. 12, no. 3 (64).

5. Joshi S.D., Horizontal well technology, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA: Pennwell Publishing Company, 1991, 535 р.

Laboratory flow experiments are the basis for hydrodynamic calculations and oil recovery forecasting. Current paper discusses some methodological aspects of these experiments. The lack of generally accepted measuring standards for the oil displacement coefficient and relative permeability brings some distortion of data obtained by different laboratories. It turns out that hydrodynamic calculations (including those that undergo examination by the central development commission) can be based on experimental values that have the same name, but were obtained in different ways. The first part of the paper discusses the end effect and various indirect methods of measuring current water saturation during a flow experiment – measuring of the core electrical resistance and x-ray scanning. Some recommendations are given to minimize the influence of the end effect on the measurement result. The use of indirect saturation control methods can lead to a distorted understanding of the oil displacement coefficient and relative permeability curves. For this case, the paper gives an important recommendation about the need for direct measurement of core saturation after a flow experiment using classical Dean-Stark apparatus. The second part of the paper discusses some features of working with rocks that have significant clay content. It has been shown that after core samples are saturated with reservoir water, before a flow experiment, a long soak in the saturating liquid may be required, going far beyond the recommended 16–24 hours. The paper presents the results of measuring the permeability of a core sample over a period of 2 weeks that clearly show the variability of the reservoir properties of the rock during this period.

References

1. Nazarova L.N., Shelyago E.V., Yazynina I.V., Definition of oil-water displacement ratio from experimental data (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 2, pp. 58–61, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-2-58-61

2. Richardson J.G., Kerver J.K., Hafford J.A., Osoba J.S., Laboratory determination of relative permeability, Journal of Petroleum Technology, 1952, no. 4(08), pp. 187–196, DOI: http://doi.org/10.2118/952187-G

3. Eftekhari A., Farajzadeh R., Effect of foam on liquid phase mobility in porous media, Scientific Reports, 2017, no. 7(1), DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep43870

4. Chertenkov M.V., Aleroev A.A., Ivanishin I.B. et al., Physical modeling of production stimulation in low permeability carbonate reservoirs (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2015, no. 10, pp. 90–92.

5. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po issledovaniyu porod-kollektorov nefti i gaza fizicheskimi i petrograficheskimi metodami (Guidelines for the research of oil and gas reservoir rocks by physical and petrographic methods), Moscow: Publ. of VNIGNI, 1978, pp. 58–72.

6. Yanin A.N., Bikkulov M.M., 20 years later: Analysis of trends of the oil-water displacement factor change in low-permeable reservoirs of the Priobskoye field (from 1993-1997 up to 2013-2016) (In Russ.), Neftepromyslovoe delo, 2023, no. 3(651), pp. 17–24, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33285/0207-2351-2023-3(651)-17-24

7. Kovalev A.G., Kuznetsov A.M., Pokrovskiy V.V., Methodology for rapid determination of phase permeabilities during steady-state joint flow of oil and water (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 1984, no. 11, pp. 36–39.

8. Yazynina I.V., Shelyago E.V., Abrosimov A.A. et al., Determination of reservoir rock residual water using X-ray computed microtomography (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2018, no. 3, pp. 38–42, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2018-3-38-42

9. Kokorev V.I. et al., Hysteresis of relative permeabilities in water-gas stimulation of oil reservoirs, SPE-171224-MS, 2014, DOI: http://doi.org/10.2118/171224-MS

10. Karpov V.B. et al., Experimental study of hysteresis phase permeability water-gas stimulation in the conditions of Vostochno-Perevalnoye oil field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2015, no. 7, pp. 100–103.

11. Smirnov A.V., Bazhukov S.P., Eksperimental’noe izuchenie vliyaniya sostava nagnetaemoy vody na pronitsaemost’ produktivnykh kollektorov (Experimental study of the influence of the composition of injected water on the permeability of productive reservoirs), Proceedings of 74th International Youth Scientific Conference

“Neft’ i gaz – 2020” (Oil and Gas – 2020), Moscow, 2020, pp. 336–337.

Acidizing formation is one of the most common methods of increasing or restoring well productivity. The article discusses the influence of various factors on the effectiveness of acid treatments. Factors that increase the risk of ineffective measures include the energy state of the formation – reduced formation pressure during operation, the ratio of the injected volume of acid to the volume of diverting fluid, low wellhead pressures during treatment, at which the acid composition is absorbed by natural cracks. The analysis of field data based on the results of acid treatments is presented, and the influence of the number of previously conducted bottom hole treatments (BHT) and technological indicators on the efficiency of BHT is assessed. After analyzing the treatments performed and identifying the dependencies of the geological and technological characteristics, model calculations were carried out on the Rockstim simulator of the three potentially effective technologies being analyzed: injection of self-diverting acid compositions, acid treatments with injection of fibers (including biofibers) and foam acid treatments. Based on the results of modeling on the Rockstim simulator, the best BHT designs were obtained, analyzed and selected, including sequences of stages, volumes and injection rates, taking into account maximum economic profitability for all technologies. Based on the results of the analysis, conclusions were drawn about possible directions for increasing the efficiency of acid treatments of wells.

References

1. Orazov S.S., Rakhimov A.A., Oil flow stimulation using acid treatments (In Russ.), Evraziyskiy Soyuz Uchenykh, 2014, no. 7-1, pp. 123-124.

2. Imamutdinova A.A., Analysis of the effect of salinity and pH of the aqueous phase on the stability of water-in-oil emulsions formed after acidizing of the bottomhole formation zone (In Russ.), Problemy razrabotki mestorozhdeniy uglevodorodnykh i rudnykh poleznykh iskopaemykh, 2020, V. 2, pp. 144–149.

3. Maltcev A., The development of the trends in formation damage removal technologies in sandstone reservoirs, SPE-199321-MS, 2020, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/199321-MS

4. Cherepanov S.S., Baldina T.R., Raspopov A.V. et al., Results of industrial replication of acid treatment technologies by using deflection systems at the deposits of LLC «LUKOIL-PERM» (In Russ.), Geologiya, geofizika i razrabotka neftyanykh i gazovykh mestorozhdeniy, 2019, no. 6 (330), pp. 19–28, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30713/2413-5011-2019-6(330)-19-28

5. Davletshina L.F., Gus’kova I.A., Garipova L.I., Akhmetshina A.S., Integrated approach to the development of technology of iInjection well bottomhole treatment and the technology efficiency evaluation (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 7, pp. 40–42, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-7-40-42

6. Bulgakova G.T. et al., Mathematical modeling and optimizing the design of matrix treatments in carbonate reservoirs (In Russ.), Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik OAO “NK “Rosneft’”, 2014, no. 2, pp. 22–28.

7. Krivoshchekov S.N., Kochnev A.A., Vyatkin K.A., Ravelev K.A., Influence of geological and technological parameters on effectiveness of hydrochloric acid treatment of carbonate reservoirs, International Journal of Engineering, Transactions A: Basics, 2020, V. 33, no. 10, pp. 2113–2119, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5829/IJE.2020.33.10A.30

8. Efimov O.D., Rakhmatullina Yu.Sh., Valiev M.F. et al., Application the self-diverting acid to increasing the production wells (on example Orenburg OGCF) (In Russ.),

Ekspozitsiya Neft’ Gaz, 2015, no. 7(46), pp. 48–50.

9. Ivanova E. M., Application of self-diverting chemical compositions to improve the efficiency of acid treatments of fractured porous carbonate reservoirs (In Russ.),

Upravlenie tekhnosferoy, 2022, V. 5, no. 2, pp. 243–261, DOI: https://doi.org/10.34828/UdSU.2022.58.64.010

10. Mokrushin A.A., Shipilov A.I., Improving the efficiency of acid treatments in late stage carbonate reservoir development (self-diverting acid, large volume bottomhole treatments using surfactant-based gels) (In Russ.), Neft’. Gaz. Novatsii, 2010, no. 7, pp. 43–45.

11. Zhao Liqiang Chen, Xiang Zou, Honglan Liu et al., A review of diverting agents for reservoir stimulation, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2019, V. 187(5), DOI: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.petrol.2019.106734

12. Yakimova T.S., Self-diverting acids as a method for intensification of oil production in carbonate reservoirs (In Russ.), Nedropol’zovanie XXI vek, 2021, no. 4,

pp. 171–175, DOI: https://doi.org/10.15593/2712-8008/2021.4.4

13. Patent RU 2572401 C2, Multifunctional acid composition for treatment of bottomhole formation zone and method of acid treatment for bottomhole formation zone, Inventors: Fedorenko V.Yu., Petukhov A.S., Bespalov M.V., Bulygina T.V., Zarov A.A., Galiev A.A.

14. Shipilov A.I., Krutikhin E.V., Kudrevatykh N.V. et al., New acid compositions for selective treatment of carbonate reservoir (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2012, no. 2, pp. 80–83.

15. Sarmah A., Ibrahim A.F., Nasr-El-Din H., Jackson J., A new cationic polymer system that improves acid diversion in heterogeneous carbonate reservoirs, SPE-194647-PA, 2020, DOI: http://doi.org/10.2118/194647-PA

Currently, most of the fields with easily accessible oil are depleted. The development of hard-to-recover reserves is fraught with difficulties, which requires careful preparation and study during the preliminary stages, one of which is the process of cementing and fixing wells. Improper selection of the components has negative consequences, among which are griffin formation, groundwater circulation and gas breakthroughs. Investigation on the search for alternative materials for the preparation of grouting solutions is also aimed at reducing the impact on ecology and environment. The use of geopolymers can be considered as one of the most promising technologies for the construction and anchoring of wells. The material received its official name in 1970 due to the works of French chemist-scientist Joseph Davidovich, according to which the composition is based on an aluminosilicate binder and an alkaline activator. The use of inorganic waste from industrial enterprises of the fuel and metallurgical industries is proposed as a base material. Such materials, when interacting with aqueous solutions of alkali metals, are able to form a strong and durable structure that is comparable or superior to similar Portland cement-based samples. The characteristics of clinker-based cement are conditioned by «natural» properties, which depend on the firing temperature, quality of raw materials, fineness of grinding and a number of other factors. The use of geopolymer composition can provide not only increased economic efficiency of the resulting product, but also environmental safety in combination with increased resistance to thermobaric conditions of the formation.

References

1. Nikolaev K., Return to Achimovka. Comparative characteristics of Achimov and Neocomian formations in the Noyabrsk region (In Russ.), ROGTEC Rossiyskie neftegazovye tekhnologii, 2015, V. 42, pp. 16–22.

2. Zvarygin V.I., Tamponazhnye smesi (Cementing mixtures), Krasnoyarsk: Publ. of Siberian Federal Universitym, 2014, 216 p.

3. Gomes K.C., Carvalho M., de Paula Diniz D. et al., Carbon emissions associated with two types of foundations: CP-II Portland cement-based composite vs. geopolymer concrete, Matéria (Rio de Janeiro), 2019, V. 24(4), DOI: http://doi.org/10.1590/s1517-707620190004.0850

4. Vairagade V.S., Kedar A.P., Patel R., Supplementary cementitious materials for green concrete, Journal of Advanced Research in Construction & Urban Architecture, 2017, V. 2(1&2), pp. 25–30.

5. Eroshkina N.A., Korovkin M.O., Geopolimernye stroitel'nye materialy na osnove promyshlennykh otkhodov (Geopolymer building materials based on industrial waste), Penza: PGUAS Publ., 2014, 128 p.

6. Rakhimov R.Z., Rakhimova N.R., Stoyanov O.V., Geopolymers (In Russ.), Vestnik Kazanskogo tekhnologicheskogo universiteta, 2014, V. 23, pp. 189-196.

7. Thomas R., Ye Hailong, Radlińska A., Peethamparan S., Alkali-activated slag cement concrete: A closer look at a sustainable alternative to Portland cement, Concrete International, 2016, V. 38, pp. 33–38.

8. Purdon A.O., The action of alkalis on blast-furnace slag, Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry, 1940, V. 59, no. 9, pp. 191–202.

9. Talling B., Effect of curing conditions on alkali-activated slags, Proceedings of 3rd International conference on the use of fly ash, silica fume, slag and natural pozzolans in concrete. ACI SP-114, 2, 1989, pp. 1485–1500.

10. Davidovits J., Davidovits R., Ferro-sialate geopolymers, Geopolymer Institute Library, 2020, Technical papers no. 27.

11. Suraneni P., Burris L., Shearer C., Hooton D., ASTM C618. Fly ash specification: Comparison with other specifications, shortcomings, and solutions, ACI Materials Journal, 2021, V. 118(1).

12. Na bloki i betony: predpriyatiya SGK za 2023 god realizovali 623 tysyachi tonn zoly-unosa (For blocks and concrete: enterprises of Siberian Generating Company LLC sold 623 thousand tons of fly ash in 2023), URL: https://sibgenco.online/news/element/na-bloki-i-betony-predpriyatiya-sgk-za-2023-god-realizovali-623...

13. Test results in DCL (Report No: 100064593, 100056083) in correspondence to EN standard: BS EN 1015-11:1999, Renca 3D geopolymer concrete, 2017

14. Salih M.A., Aldikheeli M.R., Shaalan k.A., Evaluation of factors influencing the compressive strength of Portland cement statistically, IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering, 2020, V. 737, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/737/1/012059

The article considers the development of an adequate model for predicting electric submersible pump (ESP) failures. The input data for the modeling is dynamic parameters of ESP assembled in 76 production wells located in one oil field. The obtained dynamics were corrected by eliminating anomalous observations and filling the gaps with subsequent aggregation into dynamic series with equal observation periods. Then dynamic series were formed with a time step equal to a day. Chronological average and standard deviations average were created for each aggregated indicator and for each value of the series. These deviations were calculated as a difference of chronological average for the previous day and for 7 days. Additional difference was determined between average for current day and average for 7, 14 and 30 days, as well as a standard deviation for the same period. The transformed telemetry data were binarized by dividing them by variables above or below the critical cutoff threshold associated with the risk of ESP shutdown and determined by ROC analysis. The generalized multivariate Gsslasso Cox multivariate model (Bayesian hierarchical Cox model) was formed based on the pre-selected statistically significant risk predictors. The obtained predictions were compared with the actual number of unscheduled ESP stops. The main risk factors predictors are the high gas factor (GOR) and the factor of prolonged pump operation in the up-thrust region (high flow rate, low head).

References

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2. Xing Zhang, Ranran Wei. Zhicai Wu et al., Risk assessment and reliability analysis of oil pump unit based on D-S evidence theory, Energies, 2023, V. 16,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.3390/en16134887

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SPE-201881-MS, 2020, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/201881-MS

4. Shabonas A.R., ESP operation mode optimization to increase run to failure time (In Russ.), Neftepromyslovoe delo, 2021, no. 8(632), pp. 30–36,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.33285/0207-2351-2021-8(632)-30-36

5. Serebryannikov A.A., Development of predictive model to reduce the emergency of the electric centrifugal pump unit (In Russ.), Innovatsionnye tekhnologii: teoriya, instrumenty, praktika, 2020, V. 1, pp. 264–268.

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7. Jiarui Chen, Wei Li, Peihao Yang et al., Prediction and classification of faults in electric submersible pumps, AIP Advances, 2022, no. 12,

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0065792

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V. 4(4), р. 36, DOI: http://doi.org/10.21926/jept.2204036

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11. Rukin M.V., Molchanova V.A., Urazakov K.R., Method for determining the mean time between failures of ESP units (In Russ.), Izvestiya Tomskogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Inzhiniring georesursov, 2022, V. 333, no. 12, pp. 219-229, DOI: http://doi.org/10.18799/24131830/2022/12/3792

The article analyzes the current situation in the normative-legal regulation of construction of oil and gas facilities. The ongoing reform of the methodology of standardization, associated with the transition from the methods of prescriptive regulation to parametric methods, requires the formation of a new vertical structure of the standardization system both at the mandatory (state), and at the voluntary level. The paper proposes a model of standardization system based on parametric methodology of regulation for oil and gas complex facilities. The relationship between the various levels of this system is established, and the potential advantages and disadvantages of such system are identified. The current model of construction standardization is analyzed, the peculiarities of the formation of the concept of «safety» in construction are revealed, the multivalue and uncertainty of the criterion of «risk» in construction regulation is shown. An approach to the formation of criterion requirements is proposed, and the dependence between the levels of functional and criterion requirements is shown. The example of calculating the wall thickness of oil and gas complex structures shows the inconsistency of the current system of normative and technical regulation of construction of various oil and gas facilities. The paper considers the potential application of some elements of the existing regulatory system as separate blocks of the proposed parametric model.

References

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2. Basov A.V., Technical regulation and standardization in construction (In Russ.), Zhilishchnoe stroitel’stvo, 2019, no. 1-2, pp. 3-7, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31659/0044-4472-2019-1-2-3-7

3. Kolubkov A.N., Parametric normalization method. Constant desire for change (In Russ.), AVOK: Ventilyatsiya, otoplenie, konditsionirovanie vozdukha, teplosnabzhenie i stroitel’naya teplofizika, 2023, no. 8, pp. 12-21.

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5. Karpushkin A.S., Problematika otsenki sootvetstviya v forme stroitel’nogo kontrolya v usloviyakh parametricheskogo normirovaniya (The problem of assessing the conformity of the form of construction control in the conditions of parametric standardization), Collected papers “Aktual’nye problemy stroitel’noy otrasli i obrazovaniya” (Current issues in the construction industry and education), Proceedings of IV National Scientific Conference, Moscow, 2024, pp. 636-647.

6. Kagan P.B., Babushkin E.S., Prospects for digital standards in construction (In Russ.), Stroitel’noe proizvodstvo, 2023, no. 2, pp. 106-110,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.54950/26585340_2023_2_106

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8. Astarini S.D., Utomo C., Performance-based building design: A Review, Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2023,

pp. 359-368, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4049-3_29

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10. Astarini S.D., Utomo C., Rohman M., Key elements performance-based building design on construction project Indonesia, Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Civil Engineering and Architecture, 2023, pp. 313-322, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4049-3_26

11. URL: https://www.cdu.ru/tek_russia/issue/2021/4/890/

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13. Vasil’ev G.G., Leonovich I.A., Research of reliability coefficients effect on the design thickness of oil and gas main pipelines walls (In Russ.), Bezopasnost’ truda v promyshlennosti, 2018, no. 1, pp. 5-13, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24000/0409-2961-2018-1-5-13

The key element of the Quality Management System is the controllability of the product manufacturing processes due to identification and traceability of production processes in order to exclude the delivery of non-conforming products to consumers. The traceability in a testing laboratory (TL) is implemented by identifying the test object. Testing laboratories widely use identification by means of applying an alphanumeric code to the test object using a stamping method or indelible ink. However, interpreting an alphanumeric code requires multiple references to the technological document, which reduces labor productivity during testing. The aim of the study is to develop a method for identifying test objects made of metals, which will increase the labor productivity when conducting mechanical tests in a laboratory. A method of visual color indication has been proposed, which involves the division and separate identification of each technological process with its own color throughout all stages of its implementation. Each technological process and its color indication are linked to the specific type of testing, whereas each type of testing has its own graphic symbol. The proposed color solutions allow for strict sorting of samples by testing type and their belonging to the selected samples at all stages. Introducing the proposed identification method increased labor productivity, eliminated the mis-sorting of test objects, and improved labor discipline.

The procedure and algorithms of actions in cases of a probable threat or in the accident related to the spill of oil and petroleum products at the facilities of the fuel and energy complex are defined in the relevant regulations of the Russian Federation. The main regulatory documents regulating the rules for organizing measures to prevent and eliminate oil and petroleum product spills are Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2366 of December 30, 2020 and Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 2451 of December 31, 2020. This article deals with the rules for organizing measures to prevent and eliminate oil and petroleum product spills on land and their features when applied in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. The rules for organizing measures to prevent and eliminate oil and petroleum product spills on the continental shelf, in inland waters, in the territorial sea and the adjacent zone of the Russian Federation are considered. The infrastructural features of the region are analyzed, which entail certain difficulties for operating organizations, if necessary, the prompt delivery of emergency rescue units and equipment for the localization and elimination of oil and petroleum product spills. Based on the results of the analysis, proposals and recommendations are presented on the harmonization of legislation in the field of prevention and elimination of oil and petroleum product spills, taking into account the climatic and geographical features of the location of fuel and energy complex facilities.

References

1. Radionova S.G., Lisin Yu.V., Polovkov S.A. et al., Methodical basis of ensuring of the fuel and energy complex’s industrial safety on the example of the oil and petroleum products pipeline transportation (In Russ.), Nauka i tehnologii truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i nefteproduktov = Science & Technologies: Oil and Oil Products Pipeline Transportation, 2016, no. 5 (25), pp. 72–77.

2. Zakharchenko A.V., Gonchar A.E., Shestakov R.Yu., Pugacheva P.V., Improvement of legislation in the field of development and approval of plans for the prevention and elimination of oil spillage and spills of petroleum products at the facilities of main pipelines (In Russ.), Nauka i tehnologii truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i nefteproduktov = Science & Technologies: Oil and Oil Products Pipeline Transportation, 2020, no. 6, pp. 654–662, DOI: https://doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2020-10-6-654-662

3. Pugacheva P.V., Shestakov R.Yu., Gonchar A.E., Analysis of new legislation governing the development and approval of oil and petroleum product spill prevention and response plans at trunk pipeline facilities (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 9, pp. 122–128, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2021-9-122-128

4. Polovkov S.A., Shestakov R.Yu., Aysmatullin I.R., Slepnev V.N., System conception in the development of measures on prevention and localization of accident consequences on oil pipelines in the arctic zone of Russian Federation (In Russ.), Nauka i tehnologii truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i nefteproduktov = Science & Technologies: Oil and Oil Products Pipeline Transportation, 2017, no. 1(28), pp. 20–29.

5. Matsenko S.V., Nauchnye osnovy organizatsii rabot po preduprezhdeniyu i likvidatsii razlivov nefti i nefteproduktov v more s sudov i ob"ektov transportnoy infrastruktury (Scientific foundations for organizing work on preventing and eliminating oil and oil product spills at sea from ships and transport infrastructure facilities): thesis of doctor of technical science, Vladivostok, 2023.

6. Fridlyand Ya.M. et al., Otsenka riska vozniknoveniya povrezhdeniy truboprovodov, raspolozhennykh v arkticheskoy zone Rossiyskoy Federatsii. Modelirovanie razliva s uchetom rel'efa mestnosti. Razrabotka meropriyatiy po zashchite territoriy Arktiki s obosnovaniem ekonomicheskoy effektivnosti ikh primeneniya (Assessment of the risk of damage to pipelines located in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Spill simulation taking into account the terrain. Development of measures to protect the territories of the Arctic with justification of the economic efficiency of their application), Sbornik rabot laureatov Mezhdunarodnogo konkursa nauchnykh, nauchno-tekhnicheskikh i innovatsionnykh razrabotok, napravlennykh na razvitie i osvoenie Arktiki i kontinental'nogo shel'fa 2016 (Collection of works of laureates of the International competition of scientific, scientific, technical and innovative developments aimed at the development and development of the Arctic and the continental shelf 2016), Moscow, 2016, pp. 42–44.

7. Zakharchenko A.V., Shestakov R.Yu., Slepnev V.N., Gonchar A.E., Analyzing the need for and expediency of deploying OHS-improving digital platforms and solutions at pipeline transport facilities (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, No. 4, pp. 124-127, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-4-124-127

8. Slepnev V.N., Shestakov R.Yu., Maksimenko A.F., Vorob'eva V.L., Improvement the impact forecasting system of the accidents consequences based on the apply method of expert assessments (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 5, pp. 144–147, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-5-144-147

9. Shestakov R.Yu., Legal aspects of the introduction of digital platforms and solutions aimed at improving occupational safety at main pipeline facilities (In Russ.), Pravovoy energeticheskiy forum, 2023, no. 4, pp. 90–96, DOI: https://doi.org/10.61525/S231243500027979-4

10. Slepnev V.N., Shestakov R.Y., Maksimenko A.F., Fundamentals of improving the system for predicting the consequences of accidents at main pipeline facilities, Collected papers “Ecology, environmental protection, carbon neutrality and development”, Proceedings of Sino-Russian ASRTU symposium, 2022, pp. 82–93.