This study evaluates the differentiation and typification of dispersed organic matter (DOM) in the sedimentary cover section of the Baskhirsky arch using probabilistic-statistical methods. Differentiation of DOM is based on the following geochemical characteristics: content of organic matter and total organic carbon, percentage of chloroform, petroleum, alcohol-benzene bitumoids, content of humic acids and insoluble residue, characteristic of DOM transformation (bitumoid neutrality coefficient), bitumoid coefficient. As a result of typification, the DOM of the Baskhirsky arch is divided into 3 types: syngenetic, mixed and epigenetic (the most mobile DOM, which equates to micro-oil). Individual and complex prediction models of epigenetic DOM were built based on geochemical characteristics. It was found that the maximum influence on the differentiation of DOM is exerted by the following characteristics: bitumoid coefficient β and the value of insoluble residue (IR). To assess the effect of β and IR on the value of the complex probability of epigenetic substance manifestation, a detailed statistical analysis of changes in t-statistic values in the dynamics in different oil and gas bearing complexes was carried out. It was revealed that the system of DOM differentiation in carbonate oil and gas bearing complexes differs from terrigenous ones. With increasing complex probability, the value of t-statistic for bitumoid coefficient in all oil and gas bearing complexes steadily increases, which confirms the direct relationship between the value of bitumoid coefficient and oil and gas content. The value of IR has a high retention capacity and controls the process of DOM differentiation up to the value of complex probability equal to 0,55-0,6 shares of units, further, as the complex probability increases, the increase in the influence of bitumoid coefficient is noted throughout the section.

References

1. Voevodkin V.L., Antonov D.V., Galkin V.I., Kozlova I.A., Generation of the probabilistic and statistical model for total organic carbon differentiation of rocks in the Perm region (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 12, pp. 100-104, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-12-100-104

2. Vassoevich N.B., The theory of sedimentary-migration origin of oil (historical overview and current state) (In Russ.), Izvestiya AN SSSR. Ser. Geologiya, 1967,

no. 11, pp. 135-156.

3. Vassoevich. N.B., Neruchev S.G., Kontorovich A.E. et al., Modelirovanie protsessov katageneza organicheskogo veshchestva i neftegazoobrazovanie (Modeling the processes of catagenesis of organic matter and oil and gas formation): edited by Glebovskaya E.A., Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1984, 139 p.

4. Vassoevich N.B., Geneticheskaya priroda nefti v svete dannykh organicheskoy geokhimii (Genetic nature of oil in the light of organic geochemistry data), In: Genezis nefti i gaza (Genesis of oil and gas), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1968.

5. Lyadova N.A., Yakovlev Yu.A, Raspopov A.V., Geologiya i razrabotka neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy Permskogo kraya (Geology and development of oil fields in the Perm region), Moscow: Publ. of VNIIOENG, 2010, 335 p.

6. Shershnev K.S., Blaginykh L.L., Dulepov Yu.A. et al., Osobennosti geologicheskogo stroeniya i neftenosnost’ Kamsko-Kinel’skikh progibov na territorii Permskoy oblasti. Geologiya i osvoenie resursov nefti v Kamsko-Kinel’skoy sisteme progibov (Features of the geological structure and oil content of the Kama-Kinel troughs in the Perm region. Geology and development of oil resources in the Kama-Kinel system of troughs), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1991, pp. 79-84.

7. Rodionova K.F., Maksimov S.P., Geokhimiya organicheskogo veshchestva i neftematerinskie porody fanerozoya (Geochemistry of organic matter and the Phanerozoic source rock), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1981, 367 p.

8. Galkin V.I., Koshkin K.A., Melkishev O.A., The justification of zonal oil and gas potential of the territory of Visimskaya monocline by geochemical criteria (In Russ.), Vestnik Permskogo natsional’nogo issledovatel’skogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Geologiya. Neftegazovoe i gornoe delo = Perm Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, 2018, V. 18, no. 1, pp. 4–15, DOI: http://doi.org/10.15593/2224-9923/2018.3.1

9. Voevodkin V.L., On the issue of dispersed organic matter differentiation in the Upper Devonian-Tournaisian strata at the Perm Krai (In Russ.), Nedropol’zovanie, 2024, V. 24, no. 1, pp. 10-17, DOI: http://doi.org/10.15593/2712-8008/2024.1.2

10. Stupakova A.V., Kalmykov G.A., Korobova N.I. et al., Domanic deposits of the Volga-Ural basin - types of section, formation conditions and prospects of oil and gas potential (In Russ.), Georesursy, 2017, Special Issue, pp. 112–124.

11. Karpushin M.Yu., Stupakova A.V., Zavyalova A.P. et al., Structure and perspectives of oil and gas potential of Fransian-Tournaisian domanicoid organic-rich formation in the central part of the Volga-Ural basin (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, No. 4, pp. 14-19, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-4-14-19

Over the past decades, interest in studying the northern framing of the West Siberian Plate, including the Yenisei-Khatanga regional trough and Malohetsko-Messoyaha ridge, has continued to grow. This is primarily due to the hydrocarbon inflows in a number of wells at the Payakhskoye, Baikalovskoye, Pelyatkinskoye and other fields. At the same time, some areas remain underexplored and the search for traps in them continues. It has already been established that many deposits are of a complex combined type; their boundaries are controlled in most cases not only by structural, but also by lithological and tectonic factors. The seismic operations and wells drilling are actively being performed in the western and central parts of Yenisei-Khatanga regional trough at the Rosneft Oil Company licensed areas. In this regard, in recent years, extensive geological and geophysical material has been accumulated, which makes it possible to significantly detail the structural and tectonic features of this area, including identifying multi-level disjunctive deformations and associated structural parageneses. Based on the results of interpretation of several complex seismic-2D and 3D data, structural and formational levels were determined, fault systems were ranked by penetration depth, kinematics, direction, and their influence on sedimentation processes was assessed. The interpretation results are matched to regional conceptions of the development of the Yenisei-Khatanga region as part of the northern frame of the West Siberian Plate, phases of tectonic activation, rifting and other tectonic-sedimentary processes. Multi-level and multi-directional tectonic deformations are located throughout the entire section interval, which leads to complex morphology and intense disjunctive disturbance of the productive horizons. This can have a significant impact on the thermal evolution of the basin, the stages of oil and gas formation and, as a consequence, on the distribution of deposits.

References

1. Kerimov V.Yu., Lobusev M.A., Bondarev A.V., Serov S.G., Conditions of formation of hydrocarbon generation and oil and gas accumulations on the Siberian segment of the continental Arctic (In Russ.), Gazovaya promyshlennost’, 2016, no. 7-8, pp. 85-93.

2. Afanasenkov A.P., Nikishin A.M., Unger A.V. et al., The tectonics and stages of the geological history of the Yenisei–Khatanga basin and the conjugate Taimyr Orogen (In Russ.), Geotektonika = Geotectonics, 2016, no. 2, pp. 23-42, DOI: https://doi.org/10.7868/S0016853X16020028

3. Peretolchin K.A., Ershova V.B., Khudoley A.K., Nilov S.P., Tectonic history of the junction zone of the Taimyr fold-thrust belt and the structures of the Gydan Peninsula (In Russ.), PROneft’. Professional’no o nefti = PROneft. Professionally about Oil, 2022, V. 7, no. 4, pp. 83-93, DOI: https://doi.org/10.51890/2587-7399-2022-7-4-83-93

4. Sivkova E.D., Babina E.O., Stupakova A.V. et al., Structural reconstructions effect on oil and gas formation of the Yenisei-Khatanga trough eastern part (In Russ.), Georesursy, 2022, V. 24, no. 2, pp. 93-112.

5. Timurziev A.I., Gogonenkov G.N., The latest shear tectonics of sedimentary basins: from oil and gas geological subsoil zoning to technology for prospecting and exploration of deep hydrocarbon deposits (In Russ.), Vesti gazovoy nauki, 2012, V. 9, no. 1, pp. 68-85.

6. Rozbaeva G.L., Vasil’ev V.E., Dubrovina L.A. et al., Stratigraficheskoe nesoglasie v podoshve neokomskogo klinoformnogo kompleksa severo-vostoka Zapadnoy Sibiri (Stratigraphic unconformity at the base of the Neocomian clinoform complex of northeastern Western Siberia), Proceedings of 10th anniversary scientific and practical conference “Sankt-Peterburg 2023. Geonauki: vremya peremen, vremya perspektiv” (St. Petersburg 2023. Geosciences: time of change, time of prospects), 17-20 April 2023, St. Petersburg, Moscow: Publ. of Geomodel’, 2023, pp. 30-34.

7. Rozbaeva G.L., Marinov V.A., Khramtsova A.V. et al., New data on the stratigraphy and depositional environment of the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary sediments of the northwestern part of the Yenisei-Khatanga trough (In Russ.), Litosfera = Lithosphere, 2022, V. 22, no. 3, pp. 361-375, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24930/1681-9004-2022-22-3-361-375

The article shows that sections of volcanogenic deposits are characterized by a high degree of variability due to a variety of rock types, the development of tectonic dislocations, post-magmatic transformations characterized by uneven spatial distribution. These factors cause significant variations in the material composition and petrophysical characteristics of the rocks, the structure of the void space, which leads to ambiguous changes in geophysical parameters and complicates their geological interpretation. It has been shown that it is recommended to take into account the influence of the above factors on geophysical parameters to increase the accuracy of geologic interpretation of log data. According to the results of description of petrographic features and determination of chemical composition of core samples, 11 petrological rock types were identified. It was shown that 10 out of 11 can be identified according to the data of the standard log complex, including gamma, neutron, gamma-gamma density, acoustic, lateral logs. The dependence was obtained to determine the porosity coefficient of volcanogenic rocks through hydrogen content and acoustic impedance by combining acoustic, neutron, gamma-gamma density logs. In comparison with the use of separate logging methods, the calculation of the dependence makes it possible to significantly increase the accuracy of determining the porosity of rocks. The features of reservoir isolation are considered using direct qualitative features – narrowing of the well diameter as a result of formation of clay crust and radial gradient of electrical resistance recorded by probes of different depth. It has been shown that direct qualitative features are characterized by variable stability and can be used to isolate reservoirs in combination with quantitative criteria. It is proposed to determine the oil saturation factor based on the dependence of electrical resistance on the volume water saturation of rocks, determined from core samples with preserved saturation, selected using insulating technology. The need to take into account the influence of the type of void space and secondary transformations on the readings of electrical (electromagnetic) methods is shown. Quantitative criteria are proposed for determination, which represent the dependence of critical values of water saturation on porosity obtained for different groups of petrotypes. At the same time, critical values of water saturation were obtained from the results of processing relative phase permeability curves.

References

1. Jiaqi Liu, Pujun Wang, Yan Zhang et al., Volcanic rock-hosted natural hydrocarbon resources: A review, Environmental Science, 2013, no. 4, pp. 151–179,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5772/54587

2. Korovina T.A., Kropotova E.P., Romanov E.A., Shadrina S.V., Geologiya i neftenasyshchenie v porodakh triasa Rogozhnikovskogo LU. Regional’nye seysmologicheskie i metodicheskie predposylki uvelicheniya resursnoy bazy nefti, gaza i kondensata, povyshenie izvlekaemosti nefti v Zapadno-Sibirskoy neftegazonosnoy provintsii (Geology and oil saturation in the Triassic rocks of the Rogozhnikovsky license area. Regional seismological and methodological prerequisites for increasing the resource base of oil, gas and condensate, increasing oil recoverability in the West Siberian oil and gas province), Collected papers “Sostoyanie, tendentsii i problemy razvitiya neftegazovogo potentsiala Zapadnoy Sibiri” (The state, trends and problems of the development of oil and gas potential of Western Siberia), Proceedings of mezhdunarodnoy akademicheskoy konferentsii, Tyumen, 11-13 October 2006, Ekaterinburg: Format Publ., 2006, pp. 138–142.

3. Kropotova E.P., Korovina T.A., Gil’manova N.V., Shadrina S.V., Usloviya formirovaniya zalezhey uglevodorodov v doyurskikh otlozheniyakh na Rogozhnikovskom litsenzionnom uchastke (Conditions for the formation of hydrocarbon deposits in pre-Jurassic sediments at the Rogozhnikovsky license area), Proceedings of X scientific and practical conference “Puti realizatsii neftegazovogo potentsiala KhMAO” (Ways of realization of oil and gas potential of KhMAO), Khanty-Mansiysk 13–17 November 2007, Ekaterinburg: IzdatNaukaServis Publ., 2007, pp. 372–383.

4. Grinberg M.E., Tsitsishvili G.K., Pore space morphology and reservoir properties of reservoir rocks and seals in the Tbilisi oil region (In Russ.), Geologiya nefti i gaza, 1988, no. 4, pp. 54–57.

5. Maleev E.F., Vulkanity (Volcanics), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1980, 240 p.

6. Shadrina S.V., Kritskiy I.L., The formation of volcanogenic reservoir by hydrothermal fluid (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2012, no. 8, pp. 18–21.

7. Srugoa P., Rubinstein P., Processes Controlling porosity and permeability in volcanic reservoirs from the Austral and Neuquen basins, Argentina, AAPG Bulletin, 2007, no. 1, pp. 115–129, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1306/08290605173

8. Gornaya entsiklopediya (Mountain encyclopedia): edited by Kozlovskiy E.A. et al., Moscow: Sovetskaya entsiklopediya Publ., 1984, Part 1, 558 p.

9. Dobryden’ S.V., Increasing geological information of well logging in volcanogenic deposits (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 6, pp. 24-28, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-6-24-28

10. Efimov V.A., Gil’manova N.V., Gil’manov Ya.I., Complexation of results of geological-technological and geophysical researches for allocation of volcanogenic reservoirs (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2006, no. 4, pp. 26–28.

11. Khamatdinova E.R., Razrabotka metodiki izucheniya effuzivnykh kollektorov Zapadnoy Sibiri po dannym GIS (Development of a methodology for studying effusive reservoirs in Western Siberia based on geophysical well logging data): thesis of candidate of technical science, Tver, 2010.

12. Mosunov A.Yu., Efimov V.A., Sozdanie tekhnologii issledovaniya i metodiki vydeleniya pronitsaemykh intervalov v doyurskikh kollektorakh treshchinno-porovogo tipa po dannym spetsial’nykh GIS (Creation of research technology and methods for identifying permeable intervals in pre-Jurassic fracture-pore reservoirs according to special well logging data), Proceedings of VIII scientific and practical conference “Puti realizatsii neftegazovogo potentsiala KhMAO” (Ways of realization of oil and gas potential of KhMAO), Khanty-Mansiysk, 2005, Part 2, pp. 219–226.

13. Boronin P.A., Gil’manova N.V., Moskalenko N.Yu., Allocation of fracturing intervals and justification of fracture parameters in the Pre-Jurassic deposits (In Russ.), Izvestiya vuzov. Neft’ i gaz, 2021, no. 1, pp. 9–19, DOI: https://doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2021-1-9-19

14. Farooqui M.Y., Hou H., Li G. et al., Evaluating volcanic reservoirs, Oilfield Review, 2009, no. 1, pp. 36–47.

15. Efimov V.A., Osobennosti petrofizicheskogo obespecheniya interpretatsii GIS razreza vulkanogennykh porod (na primere otlozheniy triasa Rogozhnikovskogo mestorozhdeniya) (Peculiarities of petrophysical support for interpretation of well logging of sections of volcanic rocks (using the example of Triassic deposits of the Rogozhnikovsky deposit)), Collected papers “Sostoyanie, tendentsii i problemy razvitiya neftegazovogo potentsiala Zapadnoy Sibiri” (The state, trends and problems of the development of oil and gas potential of Western Siberia), Proceedings of international academic conference Tyumen, 11-13 October 2006, Ekaterinburg: Format Publ., 2006, pp. 147–151.

The article presents refined information on the composition and basic structural-formation complexes of sediments in the section of the South Turgay sedimentary basin for the assessment of hydrocarbon potential. Regional and tectonic characteristics are given, taking into account the latest data on the oil and gas potential and the confinement of hydrocarbon deposits to linear tectonic elements (graben-synclines and horst-anticlines). Pre-rift Upper Paleozoic, rift Jurassic and post-rift platform structural and formation complexes are substantiated, as well as their connections with the geodynamic features of the development of the territory of the Turgay mega trough (as part of the South Turgay and North Turgay basins). The role and influence of rifting processes and Mesozoic rifting on the formation of large blocks and the placement of oil and gas accumulations and of potential oil and gas traps are indicated. Mesozoic rifting was characterized by stratigraphic sliding and an increase in the depth (intensity) of development in the direction from north to south. As a result, in the southern part of the territory, a powerful deflection is timed to the Jurassic stage of sedimentation, with which all the main oil and gas-containing sediment complexes are associated. The mechanisms of probable accumulation and preservation of hydrocarbon deposits are evaluated. Based on the results of the analysis and generalization of the data, the main directions of prospecting work associated with a more detailed study of the lower part of the section (basement and Upper Paleozoic strata), along with relatively more studied deposits of the rift (Jurassic) and post-rift (Cretaceous horizons) accumulation stage are identified. For the prospecting of new oil and gas deposits, the promising territory in the northern direction from the Aryskum trough within the strip of its junction with the Mynbulak saddle and further in the Zhylanshik trough is of exploration interest.

References

1. Zholtaev G.Zh. et al., Geologiya neftegazonosnykh oblastey Kazakhstana (Geology of oil and gas bearing areas of Kazakhstan), In: Geologiya i neftegazonosnost’ Yuzhnogo Torgaya (Geology and oil and gas potential of South Torgai), Almaty, 1998, pp. 5–65.

2. Bigaraev A.B., Filip’ev G.P., Features of the geological structure and patterns of distribution of hydrocarbon deposits in the Aryskum trough of the South Torgai depression (In Russ.), Neft’ i gaz, 2009, no. 2, pp. 50–56.

3. Bigaraev A.B., Azhgaliev D.K., New objects and directions of prospecting works in the South Torgai basin (In Russ.), Geologiya i okhrana nedr, 2023, no. 3 (88),

pp. 54–64.

4. Madisheva R.K., Portnov V.S., On the oil and gas potential of the Aryskum trough of the South Torgai sedimentary basin (In Russ.), Neft’ i gaz, 2022, no. 5 (131),

pp. 65–76.

5. Babasheva M.N., Lungerskhauzen D., Murzagalieva Zh.S., Super reservoir of the Akshabulak Central field (In Russ.), Neft’ i gaz, 2004, no. 4, pp. 32–37.

6. Akchulakov U.A., Novaya resursnaya baza uglevodorodov Respubliki Kazakhstan i puti vozmozhnoy ikh realizatsii (New hydrocarbon resource base of the Republic of Kazakhstan and ways of their possible implementation), Neftegazonosnye basseyny Kazakhstana i perspektivy ikh osvoeniya (Oil and gas basins of Kazakhstan and prospects for their development): edited by Kuandykov B.M., Turkov O.S., Trokhimenko M.S. et al., Almaty: Publ. of Kazakhstan Society of Petroleum Geologists, 2015, pp. 21–29.

The estimation of hydraulic fracturing pressure during drilling is one of the key aspects for the safe and efficient construction of wells. The lack of information about hydraulic fracturing pressure can lead to mud losses during drilling. Therefore, the question of accurate hydraulic fracturing pressure calculation is particularly important for trouble-free well construction and minimizing non-productive time. Currently, there is a practice of using various methods to calculate the hydraulic fracturing pressure, and the use of these methods can lead to significant discrepancies in choosing optimal solutions for well drilling. As a result of this, problems can arise in the interaction between different services involved in the well construction cycle. In order to avoid these issues, it is important to carefully consider all factors when selecting a method for calculating hydraulic fracturing pressures. This article attempts to evaluate the possibility of using different methods in different geological conditions, their limitations, and their compliance with actual measurement data from leak-off tests, pressure testing, mini-fracturing treatments, and others. The article also discusses the results of 1D geomechanical modeling for predicting hydraulic fracturing pressure in various regions, including Western and Eastern Siberia, the Volga-Ural province, and assesses the potential impact of the well trajectory on its variation. Finally, the article provides recommendations on the application of different methods for calculating hydraulic fracturing pressure and explores the possibility of conducting simplified operational determinations of a safe mud weight window.

References

1. Kachurin A.V., Pesterev S.V., Complex approach to solve complications during wells' drilling (In Russ.), Burenie i neft', 2012, no. 6-7, pp. 30-32.

2. Rukovodstvo pol’zovatelya geomekhanicheskim simulyatorom “RN-SIGMA” (User manual for geomechanical simulator “RN-SIGMA”), Moscow: Publ. of IGiRGI, 2018.

3. Zoback M.D., Reservoir geomechanics, Stanford University, California, 2007, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511586477

The work presents the positive experience of the slot-recovery of the wellhead platform at the Dragon field of JV «Vietsovpetro» after the abandonment of an exploration well by drilling the trunk of a new production well on a casing string with a diameter of 508 mm with a deviation from the vertical axis of the slot. The main advantages of the casing while drilling method for drilling a new well from the restored slot are confirmed: a) the entire drilling interval is effectively and reliably secured by the casing string using this method; b) the time for running the casing string is excluded from the calendar time of well construction; c) problems associated with wellbore complications in this interval are completely eliminated due to the effect of mechanical clogging of the wellbore walls; d) a better-quality wellbore is formed compared to conventional drilling, due to the high annular velocity of the upward flow of the flushing fluid, which contributes to more efficient cleaning of the well. Some technical and technological aspects of this technology are presented. Technical difficulties associated with the very small deviation between the new 508 mm surface casing and the old conductor of the abandoned well were resolved by mechanical adjustment of the three platform guides inclination in a way, that allowed tilting the surface casing to the maximum required angle, in order to ensure the designed reach at the seabed. Successful application of a number of advanced technological solutions and tools from the leading oil and gas equipment manufacturers during casing drilling operations, such as casing running tool with internal wedge casing gripper (CRTi) and packer element, drillable four-blade shoe bit with hydro-monitor nozzles and PDC cutters on the casing, special high-torque unloading rings, all-metal centralizer and premium casing cementing coupling with two check valves allowed reducing the drilling time of new well from the recovered slot in the surface casing interval by 1 day.

References

1. Shorokhovetskiy S.E., Mirovoy opyt primeneniya tekhnologii bureniya na obsadnoy kolonne (World experience in using casing drilling technology), Proceedings of conference “Problemy geologii i osvoeniya nedr. Sektsiya 14. Sovremennye tekhnika i tekhnologii bureniya skvazhin” (Problems of geology and subsoil development. Section 14. Modern equipment and technologies for drilling wells), Tomsk: Publ. of TPU, 2016, pp. 804-806.

2. Gupta A.K., Drilling with casing: Prospects and limitations, SPE-99536-MS, 2006, DOI: http://doi.org/10.2118/99536-MS

The article provides an overview of current projects in seas of the Russian Arctic. Rosneft Oil Company is an active participant in the exploration and development of the Arctic shelf of Russia, also considering the Northern sea route as a strategic transport corridor. Since 2012, Rosneft has been conducting expeditions to study ice and metocean conditions in its license areas here. The article presents coverage of environmental studies conducted by Rosneft Oil Company at its license areas in the Arctic Seas, which resulted in the collection one of the world's largest database on ice and metocean conditions in the Arctic seas. The obtained observational data are used in applied research and targeted innovation projects. As an example, the authors present the results of long-term climate forecasts of ice conditions in terms of parameters that can affect navigation along the Northern sea route up to 2050. Analysis of the calculation results shows the following changes in metocean and ice conditions along the Northern sea route in comparison with the present averages (2011–2022) over the next 30 years: a) increase in the ice-free period by 1,5–2 months (and more – in the south-western part of the Kara Sea); b) increase of about ~3 оС in the mean annual temperature; c) disappearance of drifting ice along the route in summer, retreat of its edge to the present minimum; d) increase in the area and longer existence of the observed polynyas. The given data can be used in further research on technical and economic issues of the study and forecasting of shipping and other economic activities along the Northern sea route.

References

1. URL: https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/CMIP6/

2. The SSP Scenarios. A new set of climate scenarios has been developed with respect to the sixth IPCC report (IPCC AR6), the “Shared Socioeconomic Pathways” (SSPs). Compared to the previously used RCPs, the new SSP scenarios have been improved in a variety of ways, URL: https://www.dkrz.de/en/communication/climate-simulations/cmip6-en/the-ssp-scenarios

3. Hersbach H. et al., The ERA5 global reanalysis, Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 2020, V. 146, pp. 1999–2049,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3803

4. URL: https://tochno.st/materials/etim-letom-volny-zhary-nakryvali-80-krupnykh-gorodov-rossii-ekstremalnye...

5. Anisimov O.A., Zhil’tsova E.L., Shapovalova K.O., Ershova A.A., Analysis of climate change indicators. Part 1. Eastern Siberia (In Russ.), Meteorologiya i gidrologiya = Russian Meteorology and Hydrology, 2019, no. 12, pp. 31-41.

6. Pashali A.A., Kornishin K.A., Efimov Ya.O. et al., Seasonal variability of strength properties of ice formations on the Russian continental shelf (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 8, pp. 63–67, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2021-8-63-67

7. Mahmoud M.R., Roushdi M., Aboelkhear M., Potential benefits of climate change on navigation in the northern sea route by 2050, Scientific Reports, 2024, V. 14,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53308-5

8. Gutenev M., Northern Sea Route in Arctic policy of Russia (In Russ.), Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya, 2019, V. 63, no. 1, pp. 83-87,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2019-63-1-83-87

Gazprom Nedra LLC, a subsidiary of Gazprom PJSC, has been carrying out exploration work on the Arctic shelf in the Barents and Kara Seas for more than 10 years. Extensive experience has been accumulated in the construction of deep offshore exploration and evaluation wells. In order to increase the efficiency of preparing Arctic sea deposits for industrial development and optimize the exploration process, the company actively uses modern technologies in the construction and exploration of wells, including modern devices for testing and hydrodynamic logging (hereinafter TRC-HDL) on cable. TRC-HDL devices make it possible to directly determine the saturation of the studied interval by pumping the reservoir fluid, monitoring the properties of the fluid in real time, before the influx of pure product, to take conditioned samples of reservoir water and hydrocarbon raw material while preserving all properties in reservoir conditions, to study the properties of oil and gas in reservoir and standard conditions and contained therein associated components, to study the altitude position of fluid contacts (or conditional counting levels) according to sampling data and taking into account field and geophysical data, to measure initial and current reservoir pressures, saturation pressures. They also allow determination of the calculated values of well productivity, initial and current well flow rates according to approved Methodological Recommendations for substantiating the calculation parameters of deposits in terrigenous deposits according to well logging data and new TRC-HDL methods when registering and transferring hydrocarbon raw material to industrial categories of reserves. The article presents the results of evaluating the quality of testing of exploration wells of Gazprom PJSC on the shelf of the Arctic seas using TRC-HDL devices. The data obtained using the TRC-HDL methods were compared with the results of well testing in the drill string. As a result of comparing the actual well flow rates with the calculated data, their convergence was proved, thus, the effectiveness of testing wells with cable devices during geological exploration on the Arctic shelf was justified.

References

1. Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po primeneniyu klassifikatsii zapasov  i resursov nefti i goryuchikh gazov (Guidelines on the application of oil and combustible gas resources and  reserves classification), Moscow: Publ. of Russian Ministry of Natural Resources, 2016.

2. Trebovaniya k sostavu i pravilam oformleniya predstavlyaemykh na gosudarstvennuyu ekspertizu materialov po podschetu zapasov nefti i goryuchikh gazov (Requirements for the composition and rules of registration of materials submitted for state examination on the calculation of oil and combustible gas reserves): approved by order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia No. 564 on December 28, 2015, URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_112447/

3. Pravila podgotovki tekhnicheskikh proektov razrabotki mestorozhdeniy uglevodorodnogo syr’ya (Rules for the preparation of technical projects for the development of hydrocarbon deposits): approved by order of the Ministry of Natural Resources of Russia No. 639 on September 20, 2019, URL: http://www.consultant.ru/document/cons_doc_LAW_334817/

4. Khoshtariya V.N., Khaziev M.I., Svikhnushin N.M. et al., Opportunities for borehole productivity estimation (from wireline formation testers data) by hydrodynamical simulation with the Petrel software (In Russ.), Karotazhnik, 2017, no. 9, pp. 12–20.

5. Men’shikov S.N., Chuzhmarev S.S., Petrenko V.E. et al., Increasing the efficiency of Arctic shelf fields preparation for commercial development (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 5, pp. 91-97, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-5-91-97

6. Abdrakhmanova L.G., Akhmedsafin S.K., Blinov V.A. et al., Metodicheskie rekomendatsii po obosnovaniyu podschetnykh parametrov zalezhey v terrigennykh otlozheniyakh po dannym GIS i novym metodam GDK-OPK pri postanovke na uchet i perevode UVS v promyshlennye kategorii zapasov (Methodological recommendations for substantiating the calculated parameters of deposits in terrigenous deposits using well logging data and new methods of hydrodynamic logging and formation testing when registering and transferring hydrocarbons to industrial categories of reserves), Moscow: Publ. of Gazprom, 2015, 64 p.

7. Cherepanov V.V., Akhmedsafin S.K., Rybal’chenko V.V. et al., Geological exploration of PJSC «Gazprom» in the arctic shelf of the Russian federation: Results and prospects (In Russ.), Stroitel’stvo neftyanykh i gazovykh skvazhin na sushe i na more, 2018, no. 7, pp. 47–56, DOI: https://doi.org/10.30713/0130-3872-2018-7-47-56

8. Akhmedsafin S.K., Rybal’chenko V.V., Pyatnitskiy Yu.I. et al., Results of using modern wireline probes during the construction of prospecting and appraisal wells on the Arctic shelf (In Russ.), Proektirovanie i razrabotka neftegazovykh mestorozhdeniy OOO “Gazprom morskie proekty”, 2018, no. 4, pp. 19–29.

Productive reservoirs appraisal is relevant at all stages of hydrocarbon field development as it provides information for planning and continuous optimization of development. Justification of the value of information obtained during subsurface appraisal is a methodologically complex task, the relevance of which increases under conditions of technical and logistical constraints in offshore operations, as well as when considering costly and non-standard methods to reduce geological uncertainties. In the world practice quantitative justification of appraisal is performed by calculating the value of information (VOI) with its subsequent comparison with the related cost of information gathering. The article formulates the problem of VOI assessment, introduces the key necessary terminology and provides theoretical approaches for VOI estimation both for the simplest idealized cases and more general scenario that takes into account the incompleteness of information. In addition, the paper considers a practical example of the described methods application for the offshore field development: VOI estimation for appraisal of non-developed reservoir of Piltun-Astokhskoye field located on the shelf of Sakhalin Island is discussed. Based on the results of the evaluation, a decision was made to drill a pilot hole to the deeper gas layer with reservoir of interest coring and formation fluid sampling. The appraisal program implementation allowed significantly reducing the key uncertainties in further development planning.

References

1. Марченко А.В., Моисеенков А.В., Парфенов А.М., Хабаров А.В., Specifics of the research program for offshore fields: The case of the Piltun-Astokh oil and gas condensate field of the Sakhalin II project (In Russ.), Актуальные проблемы нефти и газа, 2023, no. 2, pp. 216-226, DOI: http://doi.org/10.29222/ipng.2078-5712.2023-41.art15 

2. Гафаров Т.Н., Облеков Р.Г., Хабаров А.В. et al., Clarification of 3D geological and flow model considering the 4D seismic data (In Russ.), Территория Нефтегаз, 2023, no. 5–6, pp. 14-18.

3. Grayson C.J., Decision under uncertainty: Drilling decisions by oil and gas operators, Boston, MA: Harvard Business School, Division of Research, 1960.

4. Schlaifer R., Probability and statistics for business decisions, New-York, NY: McGraw-Hill Book Company Inc., 1959.

5. Brafvoid R., Bickel E., Lohne H., Value of information in oil and gas industry, SPE-110378-MS, 2007, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/110378-MS

6. Luce D., Raiffa H., Games and decisions, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1957.

7. Гафаров Т.Н., Облеков Р.Г., Хабаров А.В. et al., Examples of integrated modeling for different tasks in geology and offshore development (In Russ.), Газовая промышленность, 2022, no. 11, pp. 14-22.

The world's recoverable reserves of heavy oils and bitumen are estimated at 120 and 60 billion tons respectively, which is more than 60% of world oil reserves. Significant part of these reserves is located in Russia. A lot of the bitumen deposits in Russia are complicated by their autonomous location in remote areas of Eastern Siberia without access to developed infrastructure or are associated with small deposits. While traditional oil reserves depletion, the value of heavy oil and bitumen deposits, and, consequently, the methods of their development, is growing. Zarubezhneft JSC has a program for the development of methods for enhanced oil recovery. In collaboration with partners, promising technologies with a low TRL (technology readiness level) are being developed, which may be in demand in future. Together with the Rosatom company, the possibility of using radioactive heat sources for the implementation of thermal EOR was evaluated. Designs of downhole steam generators have been developed, the energy source for these generators are rods from control and protection system (CPS) of nuclear reactors that have expired their time at nuclear power plants. CPS rods are a consumable material in the energy production cycle at nuclear power plants, which makes it possible to organize a closed cycle of using the rods: usage in the CPS of nuclear reactors, after that their discharge with a heat producing as part of an in-well steam generator and return to the CPS.

References

1. Oil sands emissions by extraction method: Busting myths on GHG intensity, Oil Sands magazine, 2023, URL: https://www.oilsandsmagazine.com/news/2021/3/18/oil-sands-emissions-by-extraction-busting-myths-on-g...

2. Mokheimer E.M.A. et al., A comprehensive review of thermal enhanced oil recovery: Techniques evaluation, Journal of Energy Resources Technology, 2019, V. 141(3), DOI: http://doi.org/10.1115/1.4041096

3. Yegane M.M. et al., Comparing different scenarios for thermal enhanced oil recovery in fractured reservoirs using hybrid (solar-gas) steam generators. A simulation study, SPE-180101-MS, 2016, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/180101-MS

4. Bierman B. et al., Construction of an enclosed trough EOR System in South Oman, Energy Procedia, 2014, V. 49, pp. 1756-1765,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2014.03.186

5. Al-Maaitah A., Utilization of the innovative A.S.C. technology for 24/7 solar enhanced oil recovery, SPE-202893-MS, 2020, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/202893-MS

6. Robertson E. et al., Integrating nuclear energy to oilfield operations - Two case studies, SPE-146587-MS, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/146587-MS

7. Booklet to provide basic information regarding health effects of radiation, Ministry of the Enviroment, Government of Japan, 2022, URL: https://www.env.go.jp/en/chemi/rhm/basic-info/2022/index.html

8. Patent RU 2756155 C1, Well ring heater, Inventors: Kudryashov S.I., Afanasev I.S., Antonenko D.A., Terentev V.L., Solovev A.V., Oshejko Yu.V., Verbitskij A.G.

9. Patent RU 2756152 C1, Well beam heater, Inventors: Kudryashov S.I., Afanasev I.S., Antonenko D.A., Terentev V.L., Solovev A.V., Avdeenkov A.V., Ketlerov V.V.

10. Mckinney G., Report No: LA-13709-M, MCNP - A general Monte Carlo code n-particle transport code, Version 5. X-5 Monte Carlo Team, 2003.

11. Seregin A.S., Kislitsyna T.S., Annotatsiya kompleksa programm Trigex-consyst-BNAB-90 (Abstract of the Trigex-consyst-BNAB-90 software package), Obninsk: Publ. of FEI, 1997, 10 p.

12. Kryachko M.V., Khokhlov G.N., Tsikunov A.G., SKIF – Computer code for nuclear fuel radiation characteristics calculation (In Russ.), Voprosy atomnoy nauki i tekhniki. Seriya: Yadernye konstanty, 2017, no. 3, pp. 65-79.

13. Ivanova I.Yu. et al., Malaya energetika Severa: Problemy i puti razvitiya (Small-scale energy in the North: Problems and development paths), Novosibirsk: Nauka Publ., 2022, 187 p.

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15. Patent RU 2804628 C1, Method for increasing the efficiency of oil extraction using a heater based on ionizing radiation sources, Inventors: Kudryashov S.I.,

Afanasev I.S., Antonenko D.A., Terentev V.L., Solovev A.V., Avdeenkov A.V., Verbitskij A.G., Ketlerov V.V., Oshejko Yu.V., Surov S.V.

Modeling the process of oil displacement in the injection – oil well system is an integral part of successful field development. One of the key problems of modeling the displacement process occurring in an oil and gas reservoir is to determine the inclusion of non-target objects into the development process. Interlayer fluid deformation is possible both for natural geological reasons and as a result of the column circulation of fluid along the borehole due to a violation of the tightness of the cement ring. An important aspect of studying the hydrodynamic interaction of wells is to determine the effect of anthropogenic fluid deformations on the displacement process at the current time ad in the long term. A qualitative assessment of the impact of the inclusion of non-target objects into the development of oil and gas fields will allow predicting the volume of displaced oil and gas with a high degree of probability.

The article describes an experimental bench designed to visualize the physical process of fluid displacement in a porous medium and the inclusion of an overlying reservoir model in the displacement process. In order to visualize the features occurring in the formation – reservoir system, an attempt was made to create an imitation of a connected hydrodynamic injection – oil well system. The article describes the results obtained on an experimental stand when simulating fluid displacement in an inhomogeneous environment of oil and gas deposits. Experimental work on the stand was carried out as part of the study of anthropogenic fluid migration during the development of oil and gas fields as a result of the inclusion of non-target objects in this process. The work is a continuation of the cycle of studies evaluating the hydrodynamic interaction of wells and deformation of fluid contacts.

References

1. Ipatov A.I., Kaekov I.S., Kolesnikov M.V. et al., Solution of problems of evaluation of unproductive water injection in injection wells and efficiency of repair and insulation works based on well testing and production logging (In Russ.), Geofizika, 2019, no. 1, pp. 41–48.

2. Piskunov A.I., Behind-the-casing flows and analysis of the reasons for their occurrence (In Russ.), Problemy razrabotki mestorozhdeniy uglevodorodnykh i rudnykh poleznykh iskopaemykh, 2014, no. 1, pp. 141–144.

3. Bulatov A.I., The mainest problem of construction oil and gas chinks (In Russ.), Nauka Kubani, 2007, no. 1, pp. 44–50.

4. Fedorov K.M., Kadochnikova L.M., Repetov S.N., Analysis of wellbore crossflows for nonstationary operation of a well in an inhomogeneous multilayer bed (In Russ.), Prikladnaya mekhanika i tekhnicheskaya fizika, 2001, V. 42, no. 3(247), pp. 84–90.

5. Anikeeva E.S., The problem of fluid filtration through cement stone on gas fields with low reservoir permeability (In Russ.), Aktual’nye problemy nefti i gaza, 2021,

no. 3(34), pp. 61–75, DOI: https://doi.org/10.29222/ipng.2078-5712.2021-34.art5

6. Yakupov, I.Ya., Chiglintseva A.S., Analysis of hydrodynamic interaction of wells based on determination of production and injection compensation balance using the example of reservoir — Barrem Clinoform of Priobsky sedimentation basin (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2023, V. 21, no. 4, pp. 75–85,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2023-4-75-85

7. Strekalov A.V., Kompleks matematicheskikh modeley dlya proektirovaniya i upravleniya gidrosistemami podderzhaniya plastovogo davleniya (A set of mathematical models for the design and control of hydraulic systems for maintaining reservoir pressure): thesis of doctor of technical science, Tyumen, 2009.

8. Korolev M.S., Razrabotka i issledovanie tekhniko-tekhnologicheskikh parametrov regulirovaniya sistem podderzhaniya plastovogo davleniya (Development and research of technical and technological parameters for regulating reservoir pressure maintenance systems): thesis of candidate of technical science, Tyumen, 2008.

This article discusses the results of the first stage of pilot industrial work aimed at selecting and testing technological solutions for large-volume multistage hydraulic fracturing operations in horizontal wells of domanic deposits. Information is provided on the key factors of well construction, promising technologies for completion and hydraulic fracturing operations. The emphasis is placed on the need to prepare for the implementation of projects for domanic deposits, taking into account the well design, cementing of the horizontal section of the well, the use of materials and equipment that meet increased requirements for use in an aggressive environment with a high content of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, the requirements for providing completion services designed for work at pressures up to 105 MPa. Comparative results of using secondary formation exposing methods are shown, taking into account the potential of upcoming modifications of hydraulic fracturing technological modes with an increase in injection flow. Based on the results of bench tests, the prospect and the expediency of perforation and blasting operations on the cable using Plug and Perf technology with the placement of several perforation intervals in the area of one hydraulic fracturing stage are noted. Significant complicating technical, technological and logistical factors have been noted, which should be taken into account when preparing for the implementation of projects for the development of domanic deposits. The article provides information on the main directions of further study of technical and technological issues in order to adapt innovative technologies. The material presented in this article can be useful to a wide range of engineers in the search for technological solutions and ways to optimize the design of hydraulic fracturing in the development of domanic deposits.

References

1. Ishbulatov M.I., Bortsov V.O., Fazlutdinov V.I. et al., Modification of hydraulic fracturing technology for unconventional reservoirs of the Bazhenov formation (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 1, pp. 64-66, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-1-64-66

2. Ogneva A.S. et al., Evolution of USA tight oil fields development technologies (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2020, V. 18, no. 2, pp. 24-37,

DOI: http://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2020-2-24-37

3. Kashapov D.V., Fedorov A.E., Sergeychev A.V. , Zeygman Yu.V., Evolution of multistage hydraulic fracturing technologies development at US shale facilities (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2021, V. 19, no. 5, pp. 53-66, DOI: http://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2021-5-53-66

4. Stabinskas A.P., Sultanov Sh.Kh., Mukhametshin V.Sh. et al., Evolution of hydraulic fracturing fluid: From guar systems to synthetic gelling polymers (In Russ.), SOCAR Proceedings, 2021, Special Issue no. 2, pp. 172-181, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5510/OGP2021SI200599

The article deals with the issues of determining the development indicators of oil-gas-condensate and gas-and-oil deposits in conditions of insufficient data for design at the Green Field stage. The complexity of designing of oil-and-gas and oil-gas-condensate deposits in comparison with oil and gas deposits, connected with necessity of taking into account a whole complex of problems such as gas breakthroughs, operating modes, methods of completion, well drilling and strategy of sequence of oil and gas development is marked. To solve the problems of designing new oil-and-gas and oil-gas-condensate reservoirs, solutions are proposed in the part of justification of reservoir parameters for designing, applying a new approach in justification of analogue objects, taking into account qualitative and quantitative parameters with weighting of the latter by the degree of influence on the development indicators. The database of analogues of Rosneft PJSC and the methodology for identifying analogue objects implemented in the corporate software product allows the selection procedure to be carried out within 15 minutes, which is significantly faster than the traditional approach to manual selecting of analogues. Taking into account the great influence of oil and gas production indicators of gas-and-oil and oil-and-gas deposits on the amount of capital investments and the economic feasibility of their commissioning into development, the importance of the design stage of this type of deposits in conditions of uncertainty of available data without the use of 3D hydrodynamic models increases significantly. For this purpose the authors have developed a method of express calculation of forecast indicators using a modified equation of material balance of oil-gas-condensate deposit and a set of displacement characteristics, which allows taking into account gas breakthroughs to oil wells, modes of operation, method of completion and strategy of the order of development of oil rim and gas cap.

References

1. Ponomarev A.I., Povyshenie effektivnosti razrabotki zalezhey uglevodorodov v nizkopronitsaemykh i sloisto-neodnorodnykh kollektorakh (Improving the efficiency of the development of hydrocarbon deposits in low and layered reservoirs), Novosibirsk: Publ. of SB RAS, 2007, 236 p.

2. Vologin I.S., Islamov R.R., Nigmatullin F.N. et al., Methodology for selecting an analogous object for oil and gas reservoirs to geological and physical characteristics

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2019, no. 12, pp. 124–127, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-12-124-127

3. Abdrakhmanova E.K., Islamov R.R., Kuzin I.G. et al., Improving the efficiency of development new oil and gas condensate reservoirs using a method for selecting an analogue (Part 1), Ekspozitsiya Neft’ Gaz, 2022, no. 7, pp. 66–69.

4. Abdrakhmanova E.K., Islamov R.R., Kuzin I.G. et al., Improving the efficiency of development new oil and gas condensate reservoirs using a method for selecting an analogue (Part 2), Ekspozitsiya Neft’ Gaz, 2023, no. 1, pp. 66–69.

5. Islamov R.R., Abdrakhmanova E.K., Yalaev A.V. et al., Analytical express calculation of the main indicators of the development of a new oil and gas reservoir for multivariate calculations in order to optimize design solutions (In Russ.), Problemy sbora, podgotovki i transporta nefti i nefteproduktov, 2023, no. 3(143), pp. 48–60,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ntj-oil-2023-3-48-60

Due to the deteriorating quality of hydrocarbon reserves, new methods of oil fields development are required. The paper considers a field development system based on control of the stress-strain state of the formation. This development system combines the advantages of using horizontal wells with fractures oriented across the horizontal wellbore for fluid production, and horizontal wells with longitudinal fractures for injection of displacement agent. The required fracture orientation is achieved by controlling the stress state of the formation. The mechanism that allows managing the direction of hydraulic fracturing cracks is based on the influence of the pore pressure gradient on the local stress-strain state of the rock mass. The paper presents a method for reversing a fracture, based on a controlled change in the stress-strain state of the formation, determining the point and direction of fracture initiation from the wellbore with a system of perforations, as well as solving the problem associated with the growth trajectory of a hydraulic fracture. A methodology for selecting the optimal development system taking into account variations in technological parameters is described. Calculations of various development system options were carried out in a hydrodynamic simulator, and a technical and economic assessment was performed. The choice was made taking into account maximizing the oil recovery factor and net present value. It has been established that the oil recovery factor for a development system with transverse fractures is 9% higher than for a development system with longitudinal fractures. The risks that may arise when implementing a development system with transverse cracks are considered. It is shown that the development system with transverse cracks demonstrates greater technical and economic performance than the development system with longitudinal cracks, despite the increase in the cost of constructing a production well by 14%.

References

1. Khasanov M.M., Shagiakhmetov A.M., Osadchiy D.E., Smirnov V.A., Substantiation of development systems and their technological parameters in the conditions of production of hard-to-recover reserves of oil-gas-condensate field (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 12, pp. 39-43,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2021-12-39-43

2. Fedorov A.I., Davletova A.R., Kolonskikh A.V., Toropov K.V., Justification of the necessity to consider the effects of changes in the formation stress state in the low permeability reservoirs development (In Russ.), Nauchno-tekhnicheskiy vestnik OAO “NK “Rosneft’”, 2013, no. 2(31), pp. 25-29.

3. Maltsev V.V., Asmandiyarov R.N., Baykov V.A. et al., Testing of auto hydraulic-fracturing growth of the linear oilfield development system of Priobskoye oil field

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2012, no. 5, pp. 70-74.

4. Latypov I.D., Fedorov A.I., Nikitin A.N., Research of reorientation refracturing (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2013, no. 10, pp. 74–78.

5. Kapishev D.Yu., Rakhimov M.R., Mironenko A.A. et al., The choice of the optimal system for the development of ultra-low-permeable reservoirs on the example of the Erginsky license area on the Priobskoye field (In Russ.), Ekspozitsiya Neft’ Gaz, 2022, no. 7, pp. 62–65, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24412/2076-6785-2022-7-62-65

6. Murtazin R.R., Fedorov A.I., Savchenko P.D., Mulyukov D.R., Modification of the unconventional reserves’ exploitation approach based on the reservoir’s stress-deformed state management (In Russ.), SPE-196998-MS, 2019, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/196998-MS

7. Fedorov A.I., Davletova A.R., Reservoir stress state simulator for determining of fracture growth direction (In Russ.), Geofizicheskie issledovaniya = Geophysical research, 2014, V. 15, no. 1, pp. 15–26.

8. Fedorov A.I., Mulyukov D.R., Calculation of fracture initiation direction in perforated well (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2023, no. 2, pp. 54-57,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2023-2-114-126

9. Baykov V.A., Zhdanov R.M., Mullagaliev T.I., Usmanov T.S., Selecting the optimal system design for the fields with low-permeability reservoirs (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2011, no. 1, pp. 84–98.

10. Galeev R.R., Zorin A.M., Kolonskikh A.V. et al., Optimal waterflood pattern selection with use of multiple fractured horizontal wells for development of the low-permeability formations (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2013, no. 10, pp. 62–65.

11. Badykov I.Kh., Baykov V.A., Borshchuk O.S., The software package «RN-KIM» as a tool for hydrodynamic modeling of hydrocarbon deposits (In Russ.), Nedropol’zovanie XXI vek, 2015, no. 4, pp. 96–103.

12. Mulyukov D.R., Fedorov A.I., Sensitivity analysis of hydraulic fracture direction in the development system for the hard-to-recover reserves based on control of the formation stress state (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2024, no. 1, pp. 54-59, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2024-1-54-59

The problems encountered in modeling multistage hydraulic fracturing (MHF) in heterogeneous reservoirs are a widely discussed topic. Existing modeling tools, such as 3D simulation models, require a lot of time and resources. In order to reduce the computational resources and time spent on modeling complex problems, a method has been developed to reduce a three-dimensional problem to a one-dimensional one using the eikonal equation.The method of solving the diffusion equation using diffusive time of flight (DTOF) was developed and patented in the USA in 2015. According to the text of this patent, the main purpose of the method is to effectively select the design of MHF for a horizontal well (HW) in low-permeability and heterogeneous reservoirs. In practice, estimating drainage volume in heterogeneous, low-permeability reservoirs is a difficult task, which to date has been solved using 3D hydrodynamic simulation models (HDMs) due to the inability to use analytical methods.This paper discusses the application of the DTOF method for data retrieval and solution of the diffusion equation taking into account heterogeneous reservoir properties, as well as the parameterization problem using parameterization approaches. In addition, a solution algorithm based on the DTOF method and one of the parameterization approaches for automatic history matching to historical flow rates is constructed.

References

1. Asimptoticheskie metody v teorii voln (Asymptotic methods in wave theory), Compiled by Milovskiy N.D., Nizhniy Novgorod: Publ. of NSU, 2014, 138 p.

2. Fatemi E., Engquist B., Osher S., Numerical solution of the high frequency asymptotic expansion for the scalar wave equation, Journal of computational physics, 1995, V. 120, pp. 145–155, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1006/jcph.1995.1154

3. Pat. US9790770B2. Determining performance data for hydrocarbon reservoirs using diffusive time of flight as the spatal coronate, Inventors: King M.J., Datta-Gupta A., Yanbin Zhang.

4. Kulkarni K.N., A streamline approach for integrating transient pressure data into high resolution reservoir models, SPE-65120-MS, 2000,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/65120-MS

5. URL: https://pythonhosted.org/scikit-fmm/

6. Heriot Watt: Reservoir engineering book, Chapter 10.

7. Hastie T., Tibshirani R., Friedman J., The elements of statistical learning, Springer, 2008.

8. Eremyan G.A., Vybor tselevoy funktsii dlya resheniya zadachi avtoadaptatsii geologo-gidrodinamicheskoy modeli (Selecting an objective function for solving the problem of auto-adaptation of a geological-hydrodynamic model): thesis of candidate of technical science, Tomsk, 2022.

9. Hansen N., Müller S.D., Koumoutsakos P., Reducing the time complexity of the derandomized evolution strategy with covariance matrix adaptation (CMA-ES), Evol. Comput., 2003, V. 11, pp. 1–18, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1162/106365603321828970

The results of laboratory investigations of liquids filtration under the conditions of forced gas extraction from the wellbore annulus have been analyzed. Based on the analysis of initial data, the method of fluid (oil) flow rate calculation with regard to porosity and permeability properties and operating conditions of reservoirs at the fields of Sheshmaoil Management Company LLC has been developed. The assumptions of the filtration model are that the reservoir is considered to be in the homogeneous cylindrical approximation, oil and water filtration is separated, the viscosity of live oil is constant and gas filtration occurs under any gas saturation values. It has been established that the filtration model yields underestimated results compared to the linear inflow model, while the actual fluid flow rate of 2,5 m3/day at the bottomhole pressure of 1,15 MPa is consistent with the linear inflow equation and exceeds the value predicted by the filtration model (1,9 m3/day). On the whole, the discrepancy between the estimated and field data may be due to inaccurate determination of the operating parameters of the reservoir (reservoir pressure, flow rate), as well as due to changes in the porosity and permeability properties of reservoirs in the course of operation (reservoir pressure, reservoir productivity, production water cut), for example, caused by the mutual influence of production and injection wells. It has been established that the radius of oil degassing (the distance where gas separation from oil begins) corresponds to the near-wellbore zone of the formation: when the downhole pressure decreases within 100–10 % of the saturation pressure, the degassing radius increases from 0,1 to 1 meter. It has been revealed that pumping gas from the annulus and/or evacuation has the greatest positive effect both in terms of reducing gas content at the pump inlet and in terms of removing gas from the wellbore zone of the formation thereby preventing the Jamin effect. The very fact that stable performance of oil saturated formations is observed for wells equipped with the set of equipment for gas extractions from wellbore annulus, even under conditions of extremely low downhole pressures, suggests that gas extraction from the formation is acceptable, since the whole process is limited to wellbore zone with a radius of up to 1 m, and the Jamin effect will be less important under small gas oil ratio.

References

1. Isaev A.A., Takhautdinov R.Sh., Malykhin V.I., Sharifullin A.A., Oil production stimulation by creating a vacuum in the annular space of the well, SPE-198401-MS, 2019, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/198401-MS

2. Isaev A.A., Takhautdinov R.Sh., Malykhin V.I., Sharifullin A.A., Percolation experiments to evaluate the effect of downhole pressure on oil relative permeability, and oil viscosity under partial degassing (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 7, pp. 16–20, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-7-16-20

The article considers the influence of hysteresis phenomena on the technological process of oil production and the final oil recovery factor. The search for the cause-and-effect relationship of oil losses in the production process is the subject of fundamental scientific research, laboratory studies and pilot tests. The negative impact of the hysteresis loop, encountered in various stages of the oil and gas production process, on irreversible changes in the development efficiency indicators is shown on specific examples. Hysteresis phenomena leads to the need to revise the methods of solving the basic problems of hydrodynamic modeling and analysis of dynamic systems, because it can radically affect the traditional conclusions and practical recommendations. In the steady-state filtration regime, phase displacements make all kinds of oscillations in the vicinity of the unstable equilibrium position, caused, first of all, by irreversible hysteresis phenomena and jumps in the control parameters of the process. It is assumed that the root cause of hysteresis phenomena in the process of multiphase fluid filtration is forced withdrawal with application of high pressure drops, prohibitive load – unloading onto rocks during geological and engineering operations, instability of oil displacement front with water and other technological and man-made problems or violations. As a consequence, due to irreversible changes in permeability and porosity, capillary retention of oil in hydrophilic porous media, bifurcations in the zone of instability of oil, water and gas contact in the process of multiphase filtration, the formation of stagnant and poorly drained areas is observed, which makes unattainable project indicators, including the final recovery factor of oil, gas and condensate. The article offers theoretical and practical solutions to a number of problems that prevent the negative impact of irreversibile hysteresis phenomena. The realization of the developed practical recommendations and new ways of solving the problems mentioned in the article is aimed at the reduction of losses in the final oil, gas, condensate recovery factor.

References

1. Killough J.E., Reservoir simulation with history-dependent saturation functions, SPE-5106-PA, 1976, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/5106-PA

2. Aziz Kh., Settari A., Petroleum reservoir simulation, Applied Science Publishers, 1979, 476 p.

3. Kreyg F.F., Razrabotka neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy pri zavodnenii (Applied waterflood field development), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1974, 191 p.

4. Buckley S.E., Leverett M.C., Mechanism of fluid displacement in sands, SPE-942107-G, 1942, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2118/942107-G

5. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., System optimization of non-stationary floods for the purpose of increasing oil recovery (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2019, no. 1, pp. 44–49, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-1-44-49

6. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Panakhov G.M., Abbasov E.M., Sinergetic effects at the system influence on deposit with thermo-rheochemical technologies summary (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2002, no. 11, pp. 61–65.

7. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Once again about oil recovery (In Russ), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2014, no. 1, pp. 44–48.

8. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Aref’ev S.V., The concept of monitoring and optimization of oil reservoirs waterflooding under the conditions of displacement front instability

(In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 11, pp. 104–109, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-11-104-109

9. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Panakhov G.M., Mandrik I.E., Abbasov E.M., Integrative efficiency of bed stimulation at intrastratal gas generation (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2006, no. 11, pp. 76-80.

10. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Sistemnaya optimizatsiya protsessa razrabotki neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy (System optimization of oil field development process), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 2004, 452 p.

11. Shestopalov Y., Shakhverdiev A., Qualitative theory of two-dimensional polynomial dynamical systems, Symmetry, 2021, V. 13, no. 10,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/sym13101884

12. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Optimization system of maintenance of reservoir pressure under flooding (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2001, no. 3, pp. 42–44.

13. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Panakhov G.M., Abbasov E.M. et al., High efficiency EOR and IOR technology on in-situ CO2 generation (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2014, no. 5, pp. 90–95.

14. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Panakhov G.M., Abbasov E.M. et al., The innovative technology of residual hydrocarbons reserves recovery by in-situ generation of carbon dioxide (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2010, no. 6, pp. 44-47.

15. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Mandrik I.E., Well grid density optimisation and its impact on recovery ratio (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2007, no. 12,

pp. 54–58.

16. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Some conceptual aspects of systematic optimization of oil field development (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2017, no. 2,

pp. 58–63, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2017-2-58-63

17. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Shestopalov Yu.V., Qualitative analysis of quadratic polynomial dynamical systems associated with / the modeling and monitoring of oil fields, Lobachevskii Journal of Mathematics, 2019, V. 40, no. 10, pp. 1695–1710, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995080219100226

18. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Shestopalov Yu.V., Mandrik I.E., Aref’ev S.V., Alternative concept of monitoring and optimization water flooding of oil reservoirs in the conditions of instability of the displacement front (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2019, no. 12, pp. 118–123, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2019-12-118-123

19. Shestopalov Y.V., Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Arefiev C.V., Bifurcation associated with three-phase polynomial dynamical systems and complete description of symmetry relation using discriminant criterion, 2023, V. 16(1), no. 14, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/sym16010014

20. Bakhtiyarov S.I., Shakhverdiyev A.K., Panakhov G.M., Abbasov E.M., Effect of surfactant on volume and pressure of generated CO2 gas, SPE-106902-MS, 2007, DOI: https://doi.org/10.2523/106902-MS

21. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Mandrik I.E., Influence of technological features of hardly recoverable hydrocarbons reserves output on an oil-recovery ratio (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2007, no. 5, pp. 76–79.

22. Bakhtiyarov S.I., Panakhov G.M., A Shakhverdiyev.Kh., Abbasov E.M., Polymer/surfactant effects on generated volume and pressure of CO2 in EOR technology, Proceedings of the 5th Joint ASME/JSME Fluids Engineering Summer Conference, FEDSM 2007, 1 SYMPOSIA (PART B), 2007, pp. 1583–1589,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1115/FEDSM2007-37100

23. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Aref’ev S.V., Davydov A.V., Problems of transformation of hydrocarbon reserves into an unprofitable technogenic hard-to-recover reserves category (In Russ), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2022, no. 4, pp. 38–43, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2022-4-38-43

24. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Shestopalov Y.V., Mandrik I.E., Arefyev S.V., Optimization of reservoir waterflooding with unstable displacement front, ANAS Transactions, Earth Sciences, 2023, no.2, pp. 64–78, DOI: https://doi.org/10.33677/ggianas20230200103

25. Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Aref’ev S.V., Pozdyshev A.S., Il’yazov R.R., On inclusion of high-watered reserves of oil-poor reservoirs in the category of hard-to-recover reserves (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2023, no. 4, pp. 34–39, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2023-4-34-39

26. Shestopalov Yu.V., Shakhverdiev A.Kh., Three-phase dynamical systems and their applications to monitoring for the development of hydrocarbon fields, Lobachevskii Journal of Mathematics, 2023, V. 44, no. 11, pp. 379–389, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995080223110306

Polyacrylamide (PAA) is one of the most widely used polymers in the oil industry. Field experience shows a difficulty in preparing high-quality aqueous solutions of PAA when used directly in field conditions. The dissolution of PAA in water is greatly hindered by its tendency to form lumps after contact with water. It is noted that such lumps do not dissolve even after many hours of mixing. In production conditions, the process is complicated by low temperatures, the use of non-specialized equipment, usually low-capacity stirrers, and the influence of erroneous personnel actions. The authors have developed a new original method for kneading aqueous solutions of PAA supplied in solid powder form. The method involves preliminary impregnation of PAA powder in a hydrophobic hydrocarbon liquid. Impregnation eliminates the problem of the formation of lumps, while the speed and volume of introduction of the powdered form of PAA into water becomes not critical. Laboratory studies carried out during the work showed that mixing aqueous solutions of PAA using the new technology does not worsen their rheological parameters compared to solutions qualitatively prepared by a standard method. Field tests at the oil fields of the Udmurt Republic confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed technology. Tests were performed during repair and isolation work at production wells to isolate depleted and watered intervals of the formation in order to increase the efficiency of the cement mortar used. This repair and insulation work involves preliminary injection of a polymer composition based on PAA to create a gel screen before pumping cement slurry. The developed technology guarantees the quality and simplicity of preparation of PAA aqueous solutions, significantly reduces the level of risks associated with the qualifications of personnel, the equipment used, and the impact of climatic conditions.

References

1. RD-39-3-36-77. Rukovodstvo po proektirovaniyu i tekhniko-ekonomicheskomu analizu razrabotki neftyanykh mestorozhdeniy s primeneniem metoda vozdeystviya na plast vodoy, zagushennoy polimerami (Guidelines for the design and technical and economic analysis of oil field development using the method of exposing the reservoir to polymer-damped water), Moscow: Publ. of USSR Ministry of Oil Industry, 1976.

2. Ketova Yu.A., Bay B., Kazantsev A.L., Galkin S.V., Analysing the efficiency of flooding oil reservoirs with water-soluble polyacrylamide and preliminary cross-linked polyacrylamide particles (In Russ.), Vestnik Permskogo nauchno-issledovatel’skogo politekhnicheskogo universiteta. Geologiya. Neftegazovoe i gornoe delo = Perm Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering, 2019, V. 19, no. 3, pp. 251-262, DOI: http://doi.org/10.15593/2224-9923/2019.3.5

3. Patent RU 2315786 C2, Water-soluble polymers with improved solubility characteristics, preparation and application thereof, Inventors: Shtayner N., Khert G., Tsimmerman K., Yakob Kh., Overdik R.

4. Certificate of
authorship 1645278 SSSR, MPK S09K7/00, Sposob prigotovleniya vodnogo rastvora
poliakrilamida dlya polucheniya burovykh rastvorov i sostavov dlya
izolyatsionnykh rabot v skvazhine (Method for preparing an aqueous solution of
polyacrylamide to obtain drilling fluids and compositions for insulation

The article discusses the possibility of computer modeling of the flotation process in Ansys Fluent software. The flotation is one of the main processes of water purification from oil products and mechanical impurities. The flotation method allows achieving a higher degree of purification compared to other methods. To assess the economic feasibility of using the flotation method as a method of purifying produced water, a field was selected for which three options for water treatment were considered: the gravity method and flotation using air and associated petroleum gas as working agents. Schemes have been developed for water treatment at a facility with excess oil content in the treated water. Modeling the flotation process in specialized software allows taking into account many parameters that affect the efficiency of the process, such as the flow rate of the working agent, the concentration of reagents and others. A model has been developed that describes the process of phase separation in a flotator when preparing water to standard values, according to the residual content of oil products and mechanical impurities, with subsequent injection into the reservoir. The model allows simulating the flotation process with great accuracy, optimizing the operating conditions of the flotator and improving the quality of water purification. The use of computer simulation in the water treatment process has a number of advantages, such as reducing the time and cost of pilot testing, the ability to effectively analyze and optimize the process, and improve the quality of water treatment. Thus, the created flotation model is an important tool for the development and optimization of the water treatment process, making it possible to ensure the achievement of the required standards for the content of petroleum products and mechanical impurities in the water before its injection into the reservoir. The results obtained can be used to make decisions on the introduction of new technologies for purifying produced water at oil production sites, which will improve the production efficiency of oil and gas companies and reduce the metal consumption of equipment in conditions of increasing water cut in wells.

References

1. Drozdov A.N., Problems in WAG implementation and prospects of their solutions (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2014, no. 8, pp. 100-104.

2. Shevelev T.G., Tekhnologicheskie protsessy sbora i podgotovki nefti i gaza (Technological processes for collecting and preparing oil and gas), Tomsk: Publ. of TPU, 2008.

3. Ansys Fluent: Resheniya dlya vychislitel’nogo modelirovaniya techeniy i teploobmena (Ansys Fluent: Solutions for computational modeling of flow and heat transfer), URL: https://www.ansys.com/products/fluids/ansys-fluent

4. Samarskiy A.A., Mikhaylov A.P., Matematicheskoe modelirovanie: Idei. Metody. Primery (Mathematical modeling: Ideas. Methods. Examples), Moscow: Fizmatlit Publ., 2001, 320 p.

5. Alekseev D.V., Nikolaev N.A., Laptev A.G., Kompleksnaya ochistka stokov promyshlennykh predpriyatiy metodom struynoy flotatsii (Complex treatment of industrial wastewater using the jet flotation method), Kazan: Publ. of KSTU, 2005, 156 p.

6. Gureev A.A., Razdelenie vodoneftyanykh emul’siy (Separation of oil-water emulsions), Moscow: Khimiya Publ., 2002, 168 p.

7. Glembotskiy V.A., Klassen V.I., Flotatsiya (Flotation), Moscow: Nedra Publ., 1973, 304 p.

8. Nigmatulin R.I., Dinamika mnogofaznykh sred (Dynamics of multiphase media), Moscow: Nauka Publ., 1987, 360 p.

The article shows the possibility of managing the resource of a marine terminal oil tank by regulating the intensity of cyclic loading using the example of comparing operating options for two tanks at a marine oil terminal. A comparison of various variants of technological modes was carried out and the corresponding cyclic loading levels were calculated for two SVFRT tanks of 100 000 m3. For the calculated levels of cyclic loading, an assessment was made of the timing of reaching the limit state according to the criterion of fatigue accumulation and fatigue crack formation, which in turn can be used to limit the service life of the tank or change its operating mode. The article evaluates the stress-strain state of a wall section with a possible anomaly at different tank filling levels for various options for cyclic operation of tanks. For the calculated levels of cyclic loading of tanks and taking into account the stress-strain state of the wall section with an anomaly, the timing of reaching the limit state was assessed according to the criterion of fatigue accumulation and the formation of a fatigue crack in this anomaly. It is shown that the service life of the tank can vary significantly depending on the selected loading mode and the corresponding level of cyclic load. It is shown that reducing the number of tank loading cycles can be achieved by increasing the number of loading cycles of another tank within the same tank farm. This change in tank operating mode will not reduce the productivity of the entire tank farm, but can significantly slow down the accumulation of fatigue in the tank for which the number of cycles is being reduced. The calculations and modeling performed show the possibility of controlling the resource of a tank according to the criterion of low-cycle fatigue in a wide range by changing the level of cyclic operation of the tank.

References

1. Karavaychenko M.G., Prochnost’ i zhivuchest’ rezervuarov (Strength and survivability of tanks), St. Petersburg: Naukoemkie tekhnologii Publ., 2023, 524 p.

2. Nikireev V.M., Vompe G.A., Ritchik G.A., Malotsiklovaya ustalost’ vertikal’nykh montazhnykh soedineniy stenok rezervuarov dlya nefti (Low-cycle fatigue of vertical mounting connections of oil tank walls), Collected papers “Issledovanie tekhnologii izgotovleniya i montazha rezervuarov i truboprovodov” (Research into the technology of manufacturing and installation of tanks and pipelines), Moscow: Publ. of VNIImontazhspetsstroy, 1986, pp. 52-58.

3. Samigullin G.Kh., Lyagova A.A., Dmitrieva A.S., Trouble-free operation of tanks, assessment of the stress-strain state of a steel cylindrical tank with a “crack” type defect using the ANSYS (In Russ.), Neftegaz.RU, 2017, no. 12(72), pp. 14-17.

4. Gerasimenko A.A., Samigullin G.Kh., Evaluation of steel vertical tank residual life by a metal low-cycle fatigue criterion under biaxial loading conditions (In Russ.), Khimicheskoe i neftegazovoe mashinostroenie = Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, 2016, no. 1, pp. 33-36.

5. Gorban N.N., Vasil’ev G.G., Leonovich I.A., Sal’nikov A.P., Methodology for the quantitative assessment of the parameters of the cyclic operation of reservoirs of a large unit volume of sea terminals (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 10, pp. 102-107, DOI: http://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2021-10-102-107

6. Gorban’ N.N., Razrabotka metodiki monitoringa malotsiklovoy ustalosti v lokal’nykh geometricheskikh defektakh stenki rezervuarov morskikh terminalov nefti (Development of a technique for monitoring low-cycle fatigue in local geometric defects in the walls of tanks at sea oil terminals): thesis of candidate of technical science, Moscow, 2021.

7. Mansurova S.M., Tlyasheva R.R., Ivakin A.V. et al., Cylindrical steel tank stress-strain state evaluation with operational loads taken into account (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2014, no. 1, pp. 329-344, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ogbus-2014-1-329-344

Currently, thick-walled pipelines made of heat-resistant chromium steels are widely used at oil refining and petrochemical enterprises. These steels are characterized by sufficiently high thermal conductivity and relaxation capacity, relatively low linear expansion coefficient, long-term thermal stability at operating temperatures and ability of changing mechanical properties within wide limits by means of heat treatment. A tendency to air quenching and martensitic phase transformations significantly complicate the technological process of welded products manufacturing. An unfavorable response to thermal deformation welding cycle, manifested in formation of quenching nonequilibrium structures in these interlayers affects the operational reliability of welded structures, reducing crack resistance, limiting deformation capacity and increasing susceptibility to brittle failures. One of the causes of failure in the area of welded joints of such pipelines may be the presence of harder and more brittle metal sections prone to defects. Heterogeneity of the structure of such welded joints causes additional residual stresses concentration, leading to a decrease in technological strength. The use of semi-automatic welding in CO2 environment provides sufficiently high quality of welded joints. During the welding process, metal drip transfer turns into jet transfer that increases welding performance and reduces metal spattering. A mixture of argon Ar and 20% carbon dioxide C02 is also used when welding low-carbon and low-alloy steels. In this paper, various modes of welding heat-resistant chromium steel 15X5M were studied in order to select the most optimal one. Metallographic analysis of the studied samples was carried out, changes in the value of welded joint microhardness in the heat-affected zone and the weld area were revealed.

References

1. Kremcheeva D.A., Kremcheev E.A., Welding of main pipelines (In Russ), Sovremennye innovatsii, 2016, no. 5 (7), pp. 7-10.

2. Mulikov D.S., Rizvanov R.G., Karetnikov D.V., Fayrushin A.M., Using friction welding for producing heat exchanger equipment from martensitic 15KH5M steel, Welding International, 2017, V. 31, no. 3, pp. 247-250, DOI: http://doi.org/10.1080/09507116.2016.1243756

3. Khalimov A.G., Ibragimov I.G., Khalimov A.A., Rabotosposobnost’ svarnogo oborudovaniya iz zharoprochnykh khromistykh staley (Performance of welded equipment made of heat-resistant chromium steels), St. Petersburg: Nedra Publ., 2008, 412 p.

4. Khalimov A.A., Zhapinova N.V., High-temperature thermal process technology optimization of the welded joints from chromium heat-resistant steels (In Russ.), Tekhnologiya mashinostroeniya, 2009, no. 10, pp. 19-25.

5. Yamilev M.Z., Tigulev E.A., Raspopov A.A., The assessment of the level of local strengthening of pipe steel welded connections (In Russ.), Nauka i tehnologii truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i nefteproduktov = Science & Technologies: Oil and Oil Products Pipeline Transportation, 2020, V. 10, no. 3, pp. 252–262,

DOI: https://doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2020-10-3-252-262

6. Zorin E.E., Pirozhkov V.G., Zorin N.E., Operative preliminary treatment condition metal of welded designs in the course of continuous exploitation (In Russ.), Neft’, gaz i biznes, 2009, no. 7-8, pp. 67-73.

7. Yamilev M.Z., Tigulev E.A., Bezymyannikov T.I. et al., Determination of mechanical inhomogeneity effect on stress-strain state of welded joint with crack-like defect

(In Russ.), Nauka i tehnologii truboprovodnogo transporta nefti i nefteproduktov = Science & Technologies: Oil and Oil Products Pipeline Transportation, 2022, V. 12,

no. 3, pp. 277-283, DOI: https://doi.org/10.28999/2541-9595-2022-12-3-277-283

8. Zorin E.E., Studenov E.P., Influence of a complex stress-strain state on physical and mechanical properties of pipe steels (In Russ.), (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2020, no. 9, pp. 133-135, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2020-9-133-135

9. Zorin N.E., Zorin E.E., Sovremennye materialy. Nizkolegirovannye i vysokoprochnye konstruktsionnye stali neftegazovogo sortamenta i tekhnologiya ikh svarki (Modern materials. Low-alloy and high-strength structural steels of the oil and gas range and their welding technology), Moscow: Publ. of Gubkin University, 2015, 68 p.

10. Levitskiy S.N., Timofeev V.N., Lukod’yanov N.B., Tayts L.N., Welding heaters made of X5M steel (In Russ.), Svarochnoe proizvodstvo, 1966, no. 7, pp. 28-29.

11. Fairushin A.M., Kinev S.A., Zaripov M.Z., Effect of vibration treatment during welding on technological strength of chromium martensitic steel P91, IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/1047/1/012178

12. Khalimov A.G., Zaynullin R.S., Khalimov A.A. et al., Resource-saving technology of production of welded vessel made of refractory steel 15H5M (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2003, V. 1, pp. 279-289.

13. Khalimov A.A., Zharinova N.V., Khalimov A.G., Fayrushin A.M., Ensuring technological strength of welding joints of chromium martensitic steel 15CR5M (In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2012, V. 10, no. 3, pp. 102-108.

14. Tigulev E.A., Kantemirov I.F., Raspopov A.A., Yamilev M.Z., The stress state study of mechanically inhomogeneous welded joints of trunk pipelines with a surface crack-like defect (In Russ.), Neftyanoe khozyaystvo = Oil Industry, 2021, no. 5, pp. 122-126, DOI: https://doi.org/10.24887/0028-2448-2021-5-122-126

15. Fayrushin A.M., Tukaev R.F., Allaberdin I.Z., Research of the structure, mechanochemical characteristics and shape of a weld seam performed by laser welding

(In Russ.), Neftegazovoe delo, 2020, V. 18, no. 6, pp. 130-136, DOI: https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2020-6-130-136

16. Tokarev A.S., Karetnikov D.V., Fairushin A.M., Evaluation of vibration treatment effect on mechanical properties of welded joints of steel pipes 5CRMO16, IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 2021, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/666/3/032048

17. Mikrotverdomer PMT-3M (Microhardness tester PMT-3M), URL: https://www.lomo.ru/production/grazhdanskogo-naznacheniya/mikroskopy/mikroskopy-tekhnicheskie/pmt-3m/

The structure of the world's oil and gas reserves is constantly changing: the share of environmentally friendly, easily extracted raw materials is decreasing, which requires a significant increase in investment and special scientific research, including economic and managerial research. The article discusses the current aspects of the development of oil and gas complex-component fields with the corresponding developments and proposals, which in a timely manner, with an increase in the number of these deposits in the turnover of world and Russian natural resources, requires management decisions. Topical issues of analysis and effective management of national, sectoral and regional development of the oil and gas industry, taking into account the peculiarities of field development and the composition of fossil raw materials, the possibility of forming the Astrakhan (Caspian) regional oil and gas cluster are investigated. Risk groups with recommendations for management based on the developed systematization of economic and managerial problems of the development of multi-component raw materials, as well as organizational and economic measures to solve systematized aspects and effective development of deposits in general, are proposed, which ensures the universalization of development management and functioning. It is recommended to use in the oil and gas industry the state complex stimulation of investments in combination with state assistance to innovations, including the above mentioned objects, as the simultaneous use of all possible support mechanisms in the formation of conditions when it is possible to apply stimulation only with effective functioning and development.

References

1. Semenov S.K., Permin S.M., Komarova O.V. et al., Application of cash-flow models in gas industry investment financing (In Russ.), Problemy ekonomiki i upravleniya neftegazovym kompleksom, 2010, no. 8, pp. 10-12.

2. Bekhtereva E.V., Upravlenie investitsiyami (Investment management), Moscow: GrossMedia Publ., 2008, 101 p.

3. Semenov S.K., Permin S.M., Soseliya V.V. et al., Investments and economics of industrial development of sulfur-containing gas fields (In Russ.), Gazovaya promyshlennost’, 2011, no. 8, pp. 15–16.