Thermal history reconstruction of a sedimentary basin is one of the key stages of petroleum system modeling. Heat transfer is dependent on sedimentary basin formation mechanism, heat physical properties (function of multiple factors that contribute to the rock section) and sedimentation rate. The analysis of the issue made it possible to systemize and generalize methodic approaches to predicting the density of heat flow and its components. The process of heat transfer in the Earth crust is a complicated physical phenomenon the description of which, let alone its modeling, implies certain assumptions. Heat flow is measured on the daylight surface or at shallow depth. At the same time, the power of the source (mantle heat flow and radiogenic heat) changes through time. Heat resistance of the crust also changes through time in a complicated way: temperature transformations of rocks occur. The rate of such transformations depends on mechanochemical activation, the Rehbinder’s effect, and other factors. The article shows the necessity of predicting the heat flow density in the context of a conceptual geologic model of the region evolution. Examples from the West Siberian and South American basins (Jurua Sub-basin, Solimoes Basin) show methodological techniques for predicting the heat flow density with account of the stages of tectonic processes and petroleum system evolvement. Iterative approach was used for predicting the heat flow density with account of catagenetic transformation maps of the basement, Middle Jurassic, top of Jurassic deposits in the Gydan Peninsula, the east of Yamal, the west of Yenisei-Khatanga Trough, and the adjacent offshore area. A distinctive feature of Jurua Sub-basin (Brazil) is the presence of intrusive bodies in the section of the sedimentary cover. The trend analysis method was applied when predicting the thermal history. Regional and local components were considered. The regional component is associated with changes in the Earth crust thickness, composition of the basement, and stages of tectonic history. The local component was predicted taking into account the magnetic field anomaly map.
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