The article analyzes the impact of greenhouse gases (GHG) generated by the oil and gas industry and how they are absorbed. Most of the GHG emissions from the oil and gas sector are due to the burning of fossil fuels and methane leaks during the extraction, transportation and distribution of oil and gas. Gas production leaks tend to come from old vertical wells due to pipe corrosion and aging seals. The article discusses the possibilities and technologies for reducing GHG emissions from oil and gas fields. Special attention is paid to the technology of biological CO2 capture using microalgae, which is a new concept in strategies to reduce CO2 emissions. Based on the conducted experiments on the absorption of a mixture of CO2 and hydrocarbon gases, it is shown that the technology of biofixation by marine microalgae Tetraselmis suecica and Isochrysis galbana, as well as freshwater Chlorella vulgaris, enables to absorb not only CO2, but also light hydrocarbons, including methane. It is shown that the efficiency of methane capture is up to 90 %. The technology of GHG absorption in the oil and gas industry is complicated by the inhibition of microalgae activity by sulfur-containing impurities in the gas. It is proposed to carry out preliminary purification of natural and/or associated petroleum gas from hydrogen sulfide by chemisorption using a hydrogen sulfide absorber.
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