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Today, all heavy oil production projects involve produced water recycling and reuse for steam generation. The primary and the most important stage of water treatment up to the boiler feed water standards is removal of the residual oil, which is performed in several steps. This paper presents the results of field tests of two technologies aimed at residual oil removal from water, namely, filtering through the bulk material based on aluminosilicate rocks and ultrafiltration through tubular ceramic membrane. These tests defined the achievable water quality and the most efficient process parameters. Post-filtration residual oil-in-water content has been maximum 0.3 and 1.0 mg/dm3 for the bulk material and the ceramic membranes, respectively. Steady operation of the filtering materials has been observed during the tests without changes in the filtration rate or differential pressure increase within three days. The filtering material recovery by generating a steady fluidized bed with water back flow results in complete removal of the trapped contaminants. The wash water volume was equal to 1.0-1.5% of the treated water. The initial filtering parameters of the ceramic membrane have been restored by its flushing with alkaline and nitric solutions. The service cycle is inversely related to the transmembrane pressure and varies from 4 to 14 days. |
References
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